利用植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum dy-1)发酵小麦胚芽,研究其发酵前后营养品质与贮藏特性的变化。结果表明,Lactobacillus plantarum dy-1中存在谷氨酸脱羧酶(GAD),能够转化L-谷氨酸生成γ-氨基丁酸(GABA);发酵后的小麦胚芽总游...利用植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum dy-1)发酵小麦胚芽,研究其发酵前后营养品质与贮藏特性的变化。结果表明,Lactobacillus plantarum dy-1中存在谷氨酸脱羧酶(GAD),能够转化L-谷氨酸生成γ-氨基丁酸(GABA);发酵后的小麦胚芽总游离氨基酸的含量提高了13.64倍,其中天冬氨酸、亮氨酸、γ-氨基丁酸以及蛋氨酸、赖氨酸等增加显著;发酵过程中植酸酶活性增强,抗营养因子植酸的含量下降;发酵麦胚的脂肪酶活力比发酵前降低55.31%,脂肪氧化酶活力降低76.32%;顶空固相微萃取-气质联用(SPME-GC-MS)分析显示,发酵麦胚的贮藏特性发生显著改变,经过60 d的室温贮藏,发酵麦胚的氧化酸败程度明显低于未发酵麦胚。因此,乳酸菌发酵小麦胚芽可显著改善其营养品质与贮藏特性,采用该方法加工的小麦胚芽可作为食品营养强化的原料或食品配料。展开更多
Angelica dahurica(A. dahurica) is a traditional Chinese medicinal plant being used in clinical practice. The present study demonstrated that A. dahurica could reduce white-fat weight in high-fat-diet hyperlipidemic mi...Angelica dahurica(A. dahurica) is a traditional Chinese medicinal plant being used in clinical practice. The present study demonstrated that A. dahurica could reduce white-fat weight in high-fat-diet hyperlipidemic mice, decrease total cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in the livers of both high-fat-diet and Triton WR1339 induced hyperlipidemic mice, and enhance the total hepatic lipase activities of them. These findings were further supported by the results derived from the experiments with Hep G2 cells in vitro. In addition, the proteins related to lipids metabolism were investigated using LC-MS/MS, indicating that genes of lipid metabolism and lipid transport were regulated by A. dhurica. The results from LC-MS/MS were further conformed by Western blot and real time PCR assays. A. dahurica could down-regulate the expression of catalase(CAT) and sterol carrier protein2(SCP2) and up-regulate the expression of lipid metabolism related genes-lipase member C(LIPC) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma(PPARγ). In the Triton WR1339 mouse liver and Hep G2 cells in vitro, A. dahurica was able to increase the expression of LIPC and PPARγ, confirming the results from in vivo experiments. Imperatorin showed the same activity as A. dahurica, suggesting it was one of the major active ingredients of the herb. In conclusion, our work represented a first investigation demonstrating that A. dahurica was able to regulate lipid metabolism and could be developed as a novel approach to fighting against fatty liver and obesity.展开更多
Monoacylglycerol lipase(MAGL)is a serine hydrolase that plays a crucial role catalysing the hydrolysis of monoglycerides into glycerol and fatty acids.It links the endocannabinoid and eicosanoid systems together by de...Monoacylglycerol lipase(MAGL)is a serine hydrolase that plays a crucial role catalysing the hydrolysis of monoglycerides into glycerol and fatty acids.It links the endocannabinoid and eicosanoid systems together by degradation of the abundant endocannabinoid 2-arachidaoylglycerol into arachidonic acid,the precursor of prostaglandins and other inflammatory mediators.MAGL inhibitors have been considered as important agents in many therapeutic fields,including anti-nociceptive,anxiolytic,antiinflammatory,and even anti-cancer.Currently,ABX-1431,a first-in-class inhibitor of MAGL,is entering clinical phase 2 studies for neurological disorders and other diseases.This review summarizes the diverse(patho)physiological roles of MAGL and will provide an overview on the development of MAGL inhibitors.Although a large number of MAGL inhibitors have been reported,novel inhibitors are still required,particularly reversible ones.展开更多
文摘利用植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum dy-1)发酵小麦胚芽,研究其发酵前后营养品质与贮藏特性的变化。结果表明,Lactobacillus plantarum dy-1中存在谷氨酸脱羧酶(GAD),能够转化L-谷氨酸生成γ-氨基丁酸(GABA);发酵后的小麦胚芽总游离氨基酸的含量提高了13.64倍,其中天冬氨酸、亮氨酸、γ-氨基丁酸以及蛋氨酸、赖氨酸等增加显著;发酵过程中植酸酶活性增强,抗营养因子植酸的含量下降;发酵麦胚的脂肪酶活力比发酵前降低55.31%,脂肪氧化酶活力降低76.32%;顶空固相微萃取-气质联用(SPME-GC-MS)分析显示,发酵麦胚的贮藏特性发生显著改变,经过60 d的室温贮藏,发酵麦胚的氧化酸败程度明显低于未发酵麦胚。因此,乳酸菌发酵小麦胚芽可显著改善其营养品质与贮藏特性,采用该方法加工的小麦胚芽可作为食品营养强化的原料或食品配料。
基金supported in part by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81473321 and 81374006)the National Key Technology R&D Program of China(No.2012BAI29B02)the National S&T Major Special Project for New Drug R&D Program of China(Nos.2012ZX09102-201-008,2012ZX09103-201-041,and 2011ZX09101-002-11)
文摘Angelica dahurica(A. dahurica) is a traditional Chinese medicinal plant being used in clinical practice. The present study demonstrated that A. dahurica could reduce white-fat weight in high-fat-diet hyperlipidemic mice, decrease total cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in the livers of both high-fat-diet and Triton WR1339 induced hyperlipidemic mice, and enhance the total hepatic lipase activities of them. These findings were further supported by the results derived from the experiments with Hep G2 cells in vitro. In addition, the proteins related to lipids metabolism were investigated using LC-MS/MS, indicating that genes of lipid metabolism and lipid transport were regulated by A. dhurica. The results from LC-MS/MS were further conformed by Western blot and real time PCR assays. A. dahurica could down-regulate the expression of catalase(CAT) and sterol carrier protein2(SCP2) and up-regulate the expression of lipid metabolism related genes-lipase member C(LIPC) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma(PPARγ). In the Triton WR1339 mouse liver and Hep G2 cells in vitro, A. dahurica was able to increase the expression of LIPC and PPARγ, confirming the results from in vivo experiments. Imperatorin showed the same activity as A. dahurica, suggesting it was one of the major active ingredients of the herb. In conclusion, our work represented a first investigation demonstrating that A. dahurica was able to regulate lipid metabolism and could be developed as a novel approach to fighting against fatty liver and obesity.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21807076)the Sichuan Natural Science Foundation,China(No.2019YJ0112).
文摘Monoacylglycerol lipase(MAGL)is a serine hydrolase that plays a crucial role catalysing the hydrolysis of monoglycerides into glycerol and fatty acids.It links the endocannabinoid and eicosanoid systems together by degradation of the abundant endocannabinoid 2-arachidaoylglycerol into arachidonic acid,the precursor of prostaglandins and other inflammatory mediators.MAGL inhibitors have been considered as important agents in many therapeutic fields,including anti-nociceptive,anxiolytic,antiinflammatory,and even anti-cancer.Currently,ABX-1431,a first-in-class inhibitor of MAGL,is entering clinical phase 2 studies for neurological disorders and other diseases.This review summarizes the diverse(patho)physiological roles of MAGL and will provide an overview on the development of MAGL inhibitors.Although a large number of MAGL inhibitors have been reported,novel inhibitors are still required,particularly reversible ones.
