Huang Di Nei Jing （Nei Jing）, one of the most important classical texts of traditional Chinese medicine, is the foundation upon which today＇s Chinese medicine principles are built. This seminal ancient classic has ...Huang Di Nei Jing （Nei Jing）, one of the most important classical texts of traditional Chinese medicine, is the foundation upon which today＇s Chinese medicine principles are built. This seminal ancient classic has been translated into English many times by different scholars worldwide. The authors have found thirteen English versions, each of which has its own distinctive features. By reviewing different versions and research achievements of the English translation, the authors try to summarize the translation style, purpose, content and other features of each version, and point out each translation＇s weaknesses, strengths, or significance. The emerging of so many English versions of Nei Jing, an ancient and sophisticated text, shows that scholars have disparate understanding of its language and concepts. Additionally, different educational backgrounds, professions and goals of the translators will all contribute to different perspectives and approaches in the translation. It is understandable that so many versions of translation exist for such an ancient and important classic. However, to achieve truly accurate translation of ancient classical texts of Chinese medicine, all translators should abide by certain basic requirements and translation principles.展开更多
AIM To verify the hypothesis that the Ling classification describes the endoscopic progressive process of achalasia and determine the ability of successful peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) to prevent endoscopic progr...AIM To verify the hypothesis that the Ling classification describes the endoscopic progressive process of achalasia and determine the ability of successful peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) to prevent endoscopic progression of achalasia. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the endoscopic findings, symptom duration, and manometric data in patients with achalasia. A total of 359 patients (197 women, 162 men) with a mean age of 42.1 years (range, 12-75 years) were evaluated. Symptom duration ranged from 2 to 360 mo, with a median of 36 mo. Patients were classified with Ling type I (n = 119), II a (n = 106),II b (n = 60),II c (n = 60), or III (n = 14), according to the Ling classification. Of the 359 patients, 349 underwent POEM, among whom 21 had an endoscopic follow-up for more than 2 years. Pre-treatment and post-treatment Ling classifications of these 21 patients were compared. RESULTS Symptom duration increased significantly with increasing Ling classification (from I to III) (p < 0.05), whereas lower esophageal sphincter pressure decreased with increasing Ling type (from I to III) (p < 0.05). There was no difference in sex ratio or onset age among the Ling types, although the age at time of diagnosis was higher in Ling types I c and III than in Ling types I, IIa, and I b. Of the 21 patients, 19 underwent high-resolution manometry both before and after treatment. The mean preoperative and postoperative lower esophageal sphincter pressure were 34.6 mmHg (range, 15.3-59.4 mmHg) and 15.0 mmHg (range, 2.1-21.6 mmHg), respectively, indicating a statistically significant decrease after POEM. All of the 21 patients were treated successfully by POEM (postoperative Eckardt score <= 3) and still had the same Ling type during a mean follow-up period of 37.8 mo (range, 24-51 mo). CONCLUSION The Ling classification represents the endoscopic progressive process of achalasia and may be able to serve as an endoscopic assessment criterion for achalasia. Successful POEM (Eckardt score <= 3) seems to have the ability to prevent en展开更多
Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of Tuina(Chinese therapeutic massage)plus Shen Ling Bai Zhu San for pediatric diarrhea due to spleen deficiency.Methods:A total of 105 children with diarrhea due to spleen de...Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of Tuina(Chinese therapeutic massage)plus Shen Ling Bai Zhu San for pediatric diarrhea due to spleen deficiency.Methods:A total of 105 children with diarrhea due to spleen deficiency were selected and randomized into two groups by the random number table method.Fifty-two cases in the control group were treated with oral Shen Ling Bai Zhu San,and 53 cases in the observation group were treated with additional Tuina treatment.The clinical efficacy was evaluated after treatment,and the changes of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)symptom scores were observed.Results:During the trial,there were three dropouts in the observation group,and two in the control group.After the treatment,the total effective rate was 100.0%in the observation group,and 90.0%in the control group.The difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).The scores of primary and secondary symptoms,and the total scores of TCM symptoms in both groups were significantly lower than those before treatment(P<0.05).And the scores of primary and secondary symptoms,and the total score of TCM symptoms in the observation group after treatment were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).There were no obvious adverse reactions in either group during the treatment.Conclusion:Tuina plus Shen Ling Bai Zhu San has a better therapeutic effect in treating pediatric diarrhea due to spleen deficiency than Shen Ling Bai Zhu San alone.展开更多
The postbuckling of the eccentrically stiffened circular cylindrical shells made of functionally graded materials （FGMs）, subjected to the axial compressive load and external uniform pressure and filled inside by th...The postbuckling of the eccentrically stiffened circular cylindrical shells made of functionally graded materials （FGMs）, subjected to the axial compressive load and external uniform pressure and filled inside by the elastic foundations in the thermal environments, is investigated with an analytical method. The shells are reinforced by FGM stringers and rings. The thermal elements of the shells and stiffeners in the fundamental equations are considered. The equilibrium and nonlinear stability equations in terms of the displacement components for the stiffened shells are derived with the third-order shear deformation theory and Leckhniskii smeared stiffener technique. The closed-form expressions for determining the buckling load and postbuckling load-deflection curves are obtained with the Galerkin method. The effects of the stiffeners, the foundations, the material and dimensional parameters, and the pre-existent axial compressive and thermal load are considered.展开更多
基金the Humanities and SocialSciences Foundation of Ministry of Education, China (No.12YJC740015)Research Program of Zhejiang ChineseMedical University (No. 2015SZ03)Social ScienceAssociation of Zhejiang Province, China (No. 2011Z64)
文摘Huang Di Nei Jing （Nei Jing）, one of the most important classical texts of traditional Chinese medicine, is the foundation upon which today＇s Chinese medicine principles are built. This seminal ancient classic has been translated into English many times by different scholars worldwide. The authors have found thirteen English versions, each of which has its own distinctive features. By reviewing different versions and research achievements of the English translation, the authors try to summarize the translation style, purpose, content and other features of each version, and point out each translation＇s weaknesses, strengths, or significance. The emerging of so many English versions of Nei Jing, an ancient and sophisticated text, shows that scholars have disparate understanding of its language and concepts. Additionally, different educational backgrounds, professions and goals of the translators will all contribute to different perspectives and approaches in the translation. It is understandable that so many versions of translation exist for such an ancient and important classic. However, to achieve truly accurate translation of ancient classical texts of Chinese medicine, all translators should abide by certain basic requirements and translation principles.
文摘AIM To verify the hypothesis that the Ling classification describes the endoscopic progressive process of achalasia and determine the ability of successful peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) to prevent endoscopic progression of achalasia. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the endoscopic findings, symptom duration, and manometric data in patients with achalasia. A total of 359 patients (197 women, 162 men) with a mean age of 42.1 years (range, 12-75 years) were evaluated. Symptom duration ranged from 2 to 360 mo, with a median of 36 mo. Patients were classified with Ling type I (n = 119), II a (n = 106),II b (n = 60),II c (n = 60), or III (n = 14), according to the Ling classification. Of the 359 patients, 349 underwent POEM, among whom 21 had an endoscopic follow-up for more than 2 years. Pre-treatment and post-treatment Ling classifications of these 21 patients were compared. RESULTS Symptom duration increased significantly with increasing Ling classification (from I to III) (p < 0.05), whereas lower esophageal sphincter pressure decreased with increasing Ling type (from I to III) (p < 0.05). There was no difference in sex ratio or onset age among the Ling types, although the age at time of diagnosis was higher in Ling types I c and III than in Ling types I, IIa, and I b. Of the 21 patients, 19 underwent high-resolution manometry both before and after treatment. The mean preoperative and postoperative lower esophageal sphincter pressure were 34.6 mmHg (range, 15.3-59.4 mmHg) and 15.0 mmHg (range, 2.1-21.6 mmHg), respectively, indicating a statistically significant decrease after POEM. All of the 21 patients were treated successfully by POEM (postoperative Eckardt score <= 3) and still had the same Ling type during a mean follow-up period of 37.8 mo (range, 24-51 mo). CONCLUSION The Ling classification represents the endoscopic progressive process of achalasia and may be able to serve as an endoscopic assessment criterion for achalasia. Successful POEM (Eckardt score <= 3) seems to have the ability to prevent en
文摘Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of Tuina(Chinese therapeutic massage)plus Shen Ling Bai Zhu San for pediatric diarrhea due to spleen deficiency.Methods:A total of 105 children with diarrhea due to spleen deficiency were selected and randomized into two groups by the random number table method.Fifty-two cases in the control group were treated with oral Shen Ling Bai Zhu San,and 53 cases in the observation group were treated with additional Tuina treatment.The clinical efficacy was evaluated after treatment,and the changes of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)symptom scores were observed.Results:During the trial,there were three dropouts in the observation group,and two in the control group.After the treatment,the total effective rate was 100.0%in the observation group,and 90.0%in the control group.The difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).The scores of primary and secondary symptoms,and the total scores of TCM symptoms in both groups were significantly lower than those before treatment(P<0.05).And the scores of primary and secondary symptoms,and the total score of TCM symptoms in the observation group after treatment were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).There were no obvious adverse reactions in either group during the treatment.Conclusion:Tuina plus Shen Ling Bai Zhu San has a better therapeutic effect in treating pediatric diarrhea due to spleen deficiency than Shen Ling Bai Zhu San alone.
基金Project supported by the Vietnam National Foundation for Science and Technology Development(No.107.02-2015.11)
文摘The postbuckling of the eccentrically stiffened circular cylindrical shells made of functionally graded materials （FGMs）, subjected to the axial compressive load and external uniform pressure and filled inside by the elastic foundations in the thermal environments, is investigated with an analytical method. The shells are reinforced by FGM stringers and rings. The thermal elements of the shells and stiffeners in the fundamental equations are considered. The equilibrium and nonlinear stability equations in terms of the displacement components for the stiffened shells are derived with the third-order shear deformation theory and Leckhniskii smeared stiffener technique. The closed-form expressions for determining the buckling load and postbuckling load-deflection curves are obtained with the Galerkin method. The effects of the stiffeners, the foundations, the material and dimensional parameters, and the pre-existent axial compressive and thermal load are considered.
