With the development of neuroscience, substantial advances have been achieved in peripheral nerve regeneration over the past decades. However, peripheral nerve injury remains a critical public health problem because o...With the development of neuroscience, substantial advances have been achieved in peripheral nerve regeneration over the past decades. However, peripheral nerve injury remains a critical public health problem because of the subsequent impairment or absence of sensorimotor function. Uncomfortable complications of peripheral nerve injury, such as chronic pain, can also cause problems for families and society. A number of studies have demonstrated that the proper functioning of the nervous system depends not only on a complete connection from the central nervous system to the surrounding targets at an anatomical level, but also on the continuous bilateral communication between the two. After peripheral nerve injury, the interruption of afferent and efferent signals can cause complex pathophysiological changes, including neurochemical alterations, modifications in the adaptability of excitatory and inhibitory neurons, and the reorganization of somatosensory and motor regions. This review discusses the close relationship between the cerebral cortex and peripheral nerves. We also focus on common therapies for peripheral nerve injury and summarize their potential mechanisms in relation to cortical plasticity. It has been suggested that cortical plasticity may be important for improving functional recovery after peripheral nerve damage. Further understanding of the potential common mechanisms between cortical reorganization and nerve injury will help to elucidate the pathophysiological processes of nerve injury, and may allow for the reduction of adverse consequences during peripheral nerve injury recovery. We also review the role that regulating reorganization mechanisms plays in functional recovery, and conclude with a suggestion to target cortical plasticity along with therapeutic interventions to promote peripheral nerve injury recovery.展开更多
目的研究中医康复护理对脑梗死后并发肢体功能障碍患者恢复期的护理效果。方法选取河南中医药大学第一附属医院康复中心2018-09―2019-09收治的脑梗死后并发肢体功能障碍患者100例,随机分为对照组和研究组各50例,对照组采用临床常规神...目的研究中医康复护理对脑梗死后并发肢体功能障碍患者恢复期的护理效果。方法选取河南中医药大学第一附属医院康复中心2018-09―2019-09收治的脑梗死后并发肢体功能障碍患者100例,随机分为对照组和研究组各50例,对照组采用临床常规神经内科护理,试验组在常规护理基础上施以中医康复护理,观察比较2组干预前后的运动功能、生活质量及护理满意度。结果研究组Fugl-Meyer量表评分(77.34±18.45 vs 58.62±20.11)和SF-36评分(91.33±3.66 vs 80.75±4.45)及护理满意度(99%vs 76%)均优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论对脑梗死后并发肢体功能障碍的患者实施中医康复护理,能有效改善其肢体运动功能,提高生活质量和护理满意度。展开更多
目的通过分析比较四肢骨折患者不同特征间苏醒期的血压,探讨苏醒期高血压发生的危险因素。方法调查2012年1月—2013年6月因四肢骨折而入院并择期行全麻骨科手术的患者120例,采用多因素Logistic回归分析其麻醉苏醒期高血压的危险因素。...目的通过分析比较四肢骨折患者不同特征间苏醒期的血压,探讨苏醒期高血压发生的危险因素。方法调查2012年1月—2013年6月因四肢骨折而入院并择期行全麻骨科手术的患者120例,采用多因素Logistic回归分析其麻醉苏醒期高血压的危险因素。结果年龄、基础血压、疼痛程度、手术类型等因素是苏醒期发生高血压的危险因素(P<0.05),≥60岁、有高血压史、基础血压≥140 mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)、重度疼痛、关节置换术的患者苏醒期血压更高(P<0.05);苏醒期收缩压、舒张压与年龄、基础收缩压、手术疼痛等级呈正相关,与手术种类呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论高年龄、基础血压过高、有高血压史、疼痛手术特别是关节置换术的四肢骨折患者,苏醒期更容易发生高血压,应及早预防以改善预后。展开更多
基金supported by the Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Peking University),Ministry of Education of China,No. BMU2020XY005-03National Natural Science Foundation of China,No. 31771322+2 种基金Beijing Science&Technology New Star Cross Project of China,No. 201819Major R&D Program of National Ministry of Science and Technology of China,No. 2018YFB1105504a grant from National Center for Trauma Medicine,Beijing,China,No. BMU2020XY005-01 (all to PXZ)。
文摘With the development of neuroscience, substantial advances have been achieved in peripheral nerve regeneration over the past decades. However, peripheral nerve injury remains a critical public health problem because of the subsequent impairment or absence of sensorimotor function. Uncomfortable complications of peripheral nerve injury, such as chronic pain, can also cause problems for families and society. A number of studies have demonstrated that the proper functioning of the nervous system depends not only on a complete connection from the central nervous system to the surrounding targets at an anatomical level, but also on the continuous bilateral communication between the two. After peripheral nerve injury, the interruption of afferent and efferent signals can cause complex pathophysiological changes, including neurochemical alterations, modifications in the adaptability of excitatory and inhibitory neurons, and the reorganization of somatosensory and motor regions. This review discusses the close relationship between the cerebral cortex and peripheral nerves. We also focus on common therapies for peripheral nerve injury and summarize their potential mechanisms in relation to cortical plasticity. It has been suggested that cortical plasticity may be important for improving functional recovery after peripheral nerve damage. Further understanding of the potential common mechanisms between cortical reorganization and nerve injury will help to elucidate the pathophysiological processes of nerve injury, and may allow for the reduction of adverse consequences during peripheral nerve injury recovery. We also review the role that regulating reorganization mechanisms plays in functional recovery, and conclude with a suggestion to target cortical plasticity along with therapeutic interventions to promote peripheral nerve injury recovery.
文摘目的研究中医康复护理对脑梗死后并发肢体功能障碍患者恢复期的护理效果。方法选取河南中医药大学第一附属医院康复中心2018-09―2019-09收治的脑梗死后并发肢体功能障碍患者100例,随机分为对照组和研究组各50例,对照组采用临床常规神经内科护理,试验组在常规护理基础上施以中医康复护理,观察比较2组干预前后的运动功能、生活质量及护理满意度。结果研究组Fugl-Meyer量表评分(77.34±18.45 vs 58.62±20.11)和SF-36评分(91.33±3.66 vs 80.75±4.45)及护理满意度(99%vs 76%)均优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论对脑梗死后并发肢体功能障碍的患者实施中医康复护理,能有效改善其肢体运动功能,提高生活质量和护理满意度。
文摘目的通过分析比较四肢骨折患者不同特征间苏醒期的血压,探讨苏醒期高血压发生的危险因素。方法调查2012年1月—2013年6月因四肢骨折而入院并择期行全麻骨科手术的患者120例,采用多因素Logistic回归分析其麻醉苏醒期高血压的危险因素。结果年龄、基础血压、疼痛程度、手术类型等因素是苏醒期发生高血压的危险因素(P<0.05),≥60岁、有高血压史、基础血压≥140 mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)、重度疼痛、关节置换术的患者苏醒期血压更高(P<0.05);苏醒期收缩压、舒张压与年龄、基础收缩压、手术疼痛等级呈正相关,与手术种类呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论高年龄、基础血压过高、有高血压史、疼痛手术特别是关节置换术的四肢骨折患者,苏醒期更容易发生高血压,应及早预防以改善预后。
