Neural degeneration and regeneration are important topics in neurological diseases. There are limited options for therapeutic interventions in neurological diseases that provide simultaneous spatial and temporal contr...Neural degeneration and regeneration are important topics in neurological diseases. There are limited options for therapeutic interventions in neurological diseases that provide simultaneous spatial and temporal control of neurons. This drawback increases side effects due to non-specific targeting. Optogenetics is a technology that allows precise spatial and temporal control of cells. Therefore, this technique has high potential as a therapeutic strategy for neurological diseases. Even though the application of optogenetics in understanding brain functional organization and complex behaviour states have been elaborated, reviews of its therapeutic potential especially in neurodegeneration and regeneration are still limited. This short review presents representative work in optogenetics in disease models such as spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, Alzheimer＇s disease and Parkinson＇s disease. It is aimed to provide a broader perspective on optogenetic therapeutic potential in neurodegeneration and neural regeneration.展开更多
Early non-invasive diagnosis of coronary heart disease(CHD)is critical.However,it is challenging to achieve accurate CHD diagnosis via detecting breath.In this work,heterostructured complexes of black phosphorus(BP)an...Early non-invasive diagnosis of coronary heart disease(CHD)is critical.However,it is challenging to achieve accurate CHD diagnosis via detecting breath.In this work,heterostructured complexes of black phosphorus(BP)and two-dimensional carbide and nitride(MXene)with high gas sensitivity and photo responsiveness were formulated using a self-assembly strategy.A light-activated virtual sensor array(LAVSA)based on BP/Ti_(3)C_(2)Tx was prepared under photomodulation and further assembled into an instant gas sensing platform(IGSP).In addition,a machine learning(ML)algorithm was introduced to help the IGSP detect and recognize the signals of breath samples to diagnose CHD.Due to the synergistic effect of BP and Ti_(3)C_(2)Tx as well as photo excitation,the synthesized heterostructured complexes exhibited higher performance than pristine Ti_(3)C_(2)Tx,with a response value 26%higher than that of pristine Ti_(3)C_(2)Tx.In addition,with the help of a pattern recognition algorithm,LAVSA successfully detected and identified 15 odor molecules affiliated with alcohols,ketones,aldehydes,esters,and acids.Meanwhile,with the assistance of ML,the IGSP achieved 69.2%accuracy in detecting the breath odor of 45 volunteers from healthy people and CHD patients.In conclusion,an immediate,low-cost,and accurate prototype was designed and fabricated for the noninvasive diagnosis of CHD,which provided a generalized solution for diagnosing other diseases and other more complex application scenarios.展开更多
Poor permeation of drugs and“immune-cold”tumor microenvironment in solid tumors are the two major challenges which lead to the inefficient therapeutic efficacy for cancer treatment.Here,light-activated penetrable na...Poor permeation of drugs and“immune-cold”tumor microenvironment in solid tumors are the two major challenges which lead to the inefficient therapeutic efficacy for cancer treatment.Here,light-activated penetrable nanoparticles(PEGVAL&DOX&ICG@RNPs)for co-delivery of the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin(DOX),the photosensitizer agent indocyanine green(ICG),and the angiotensin II receptor blockers valsartan(VAL)were developed to achieve deep drug penetration and synergistic photo-chemo-immunotherapy of solid tumor.Studies showed that under the first-wave of laser irradiation,the polyethylene glycol(PEG)hydrophilic layer as an“inert”surface could detach from the nanoparticles,release VAL and expose the arginine-rich peptide modified-cores that can facilitate deep drug penetration via a transcytosis pathway.When exposed to the second-wave of laser irradiation,the synergistic chemo-photo-immunotherapy can be achieved.As expected,in 4T1 tumorbearing mice,PEG-VAL&DOX&ICG@RNPs treatment could effectively inhibit the growth of tumors,down-regulateα-smooth muscle actin expression level of cancer-associated fibroblasts cells in tumors,induce dendritic cells(DCs)maturation,and promote intratumoral infiltration of cytotoxic T lymphocytes.Moreover,combination therapy by PEG-VAL&DOX&ICG@RNPs and anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody can elicit memory T cell response for preventing tumor recurrence and metastasis in vivo.This work provides a promising delivery strategy to overcome the current limitations of nanomedicine for achieving more effective therapeutic index of“immune-cold”solid tumor treatment.展开更多
Recently,exploiting a novel supramolecular fabrication pathway have drawn great attention.To this endeavor,we firstly designed and reported an original light-activated platform based on the internal-driven forces of m...Recently,exploiting a novel supramolecular fabrication pathway have drawn great attention.To this endeavor,we firstly designed and reported an original light-activated platform based on the internal-driven forces of macrocyclic host by hiring the pillar[5]arene as the host molecule(H)and phenazine derivatives acting as an energetic guest molecule(G).Surprisingly,after adding the H solution into G system,the intensive fluorescence emission of the G molecule rapidly decreased under the irradiation of the UV-light(254 nm)until absolutely quenching.Delightfully,different from the traditional supramolecular host-guest interaction,the fluorescent emission of G molecule could be recovered after irradiating under the nature light.In view of this interesting observations,the interaction mechanism was carefully investigated by a series of characterizations.Those results suggested that the G molecule was easily threaded into the macrocyclic cavity(H)under the internal-driven forces induced by the UV-light irradiation,forming a 1:1 host-guest complex.Moreover,taking advantage of this especial feature,the light-activated platform of host-guest complex was further applied for ink-free light-driven printing materials,exhibiting great potential in the real application.展开更多
To develop TiO2-based photocatalysts with visible light activity for better solar energy utilization, a simple flash oxidation method was developed by calcining commercial TiN nanoparticle to prepare N-doped TiO2 phot...To develop TiO2-based photocatalysts with visible light activity for better solar energy utilization, a simple flash oxidation method was developed by calcining commercial TiN nanoparticle to prepare N-doped TiO2 photocatalyst and TiN/TiO2 composite photocatalysts through the modulation of the calcination time and temperature. It was found that more energy and processing time were needed to prepare N-doped TiO2 photocatalyst than that of TiN/TiO2 composite photocatalyst during this process, while TiN/TiO2 composite photocatalyst bad a better visible light absorption/photocatalytic performance than that of N-doped TiO2 photocatalyst prepared from the oxidation of the same TiN precursor. Thus, the preparation of TiN/TiO2 composite photocatalyst from TiN precursor should be a more preferred approach than the preparation of N-doped TiO2 photocatalyst for visible-light-activated photocatalysis for its costeffectiveness.展开更多
目的评价冷光漂白对在不同充填时机使用不同粘接剂的复合树脂充填体边缘微渗漏的影响。方法选取新鲜拔除的健康前磨牙40颗,在其颊面制备Ⅴ类洞,按随机数字表法分为A^J共10组,每组4颗。A^E组使用AdperTM Single Bond2全酸蚀粘接剂,分别...目的评价冷光漂白对在不同充填时机使用不同粘接剂的复合树脂充填体边缘微渗漏的影响。方法选取新鲜拔除的健康前磨牙40颗,在其颊面制备Ⅴ类洞,按随机数字表法分为A^J共10组,每组4颗。A^E组使用AdperTM Single Bond2全酸蚀粘接剂,分别于漂白前、漂白后即刻、漂白后1周、漂白后2周及未漂白时充填,F^J组使用AdperTM Easy One自酸蚀粘接剂分别于上述时间充填,其中E组与J组为对照组(未漂白组),所有牙使用FilitekTMZ350XT复合树脂进行充填。冷热循环并染色后,颊舌向剖开,牙科显微镜下测量记录染料渗入洞壁的深度。结果①在相同充填时间使用AdperTMSingle Bond2的充填物微渗漏较使用AdperTMEasy One小(P<0.05,P<0.01)。②冷光漂白前、漂白后即刻与漂白后1周使用2种粘接剂树脂充填,均较未漂白边缘微渗漏增加(P<0.05);漂白后2周使用2种粘接剂树脂充填,与未漂白微渗漏比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论使用全酸蚀粘接剂的树脂充填物微渗漏较小,最好在冷光漂白2周后进行树脂充填,而漂白前已经存在的充填物则应该在漂白后更换。展开更多
We report, for the first time, binary ZnO/MnW04 nanocomposites with p-n heterojunction fabricated by a simple ultrasonic-calcination route. The phase structure, morphology, and optical along with tex- tural properties...We report, for the first time, binary ZnO/MnW04 nanocomposites with p-n heterojunction fabricated by a simple ultrasonic-calcination route. The phase structure, morphology, and optical along with tex- tural properties were comprehensively characterized. The photocatalytic performance was studied via degradations of rhodamine B, methyl blue and methyl orange （RhB, MB, MO）, and fuchsine pollutants under visible-light illumination. The ZnO/MnW04 nanocomposites exhibited better photocatalytic per-formance than their single components and the nanocomposite with 30 wt% MnW04 showed the highest activity. Photocatalytic performance of this nanocomposite is 22.5, 17.7, 26.8, and 23.9 times higher than that of the ZnO sample in degradations of RhB, MB, MO, and fuchsine dyes, respectively. The improved photocatalytic performance was ascribed to the formation ofp-n heterojunction between ZnO and MnW04 with high charge separation efficiency as well as strong visible-light absorption ability. The possible mechanism for the improved photocatalytic performance was proposed. This study revealed that the novel ZnO/MnW04 p-n heterojunction can act as a promising visible-light-active photocatalyst for environmental applications.展开更多
This paper reports on new applications of water-dispersible graphene quantum dots(GQDs) that we recently developed. The prepared GQDs not only show broad absorption in the visible spectrum from 400 to 700 nm, but can ...This paper reports on new applications of water-dispersible graphene quantum dots(GQDs) that we recently developed. The prepared GQDs not only show broad absorption in the visible spectrum from 400 to 700 nm, but can also serve as smart photosensitizers with high singlet oxygen(1O2) production under visible-light irradiation(≥420 nm). We showed that the prepared GQDs can potentially be used as a metal-free, visible-light-active, sensitized photocatalyst via energy transfer mechanism, in which the light energy was converted by GQDs to produce 1O2, which can kill nearby microorganisms and degrade organic dyes.展开更多
基金supported in part by NIH NS059622,NS073636,DOD CDMRP W81XWH-12-1-0562,Merit Review Award I01 BX002356 from the U.SDepartment of Veterans Affairs,Craig H Neilsen Foundation 296749+1 种基金Indiana Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Foundation(ISCBIRF)019919Mari Hulman George Endowment Funds
文摘Neural degeneration and regeneration are important topics in neurological diseases. There are limited options for therapeutic interventions in neurological diseases that provide simultaneous spatial and temporal control of neurons. This drawback increases side effects due to non-specific targeting. Optogenetics is a technology that allows precise spatial and temporal control of cells. Therefore, this technique has high potential as a therapeutic strategy for neurological diseases. Even though the application of optogenetics in understanding brain functional organization and complex behaviour states have been elaborated, reviews of its therapeutic potential especially in neurodegeneration and regeneration are still limited. This short review presents representative work in optogenetics in disease models such as spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, Alzheimer＇s disease and Parkinson＇s disease. It is aimed to provide a broader perspective on optogenetic therapeutic potential in neurodegeneration and neural regeneration.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22278241)the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFA0901700)+1 种基金a grant from the Institute Guo Qiang,Tsinghua University(2021GQG1016)Department of Chemical Engineering-iBHE Joint Cooperation Fund.
文摘Early non-invasive diagnosis of coronary heart disease(CHD)is critical.However,it is challenging to achieve accurate CHD diagnosis via detecting breath.In this work,heterostructured complexes of black phosphorus(BP)and two-dimensional carbide and nitride(MXene)with high gas sensitivity and photo responsiveness were formulated using a self-assembly strategy.A light-activated virtual sensor array(LAVSA)based on BP/Ti_(3)C_(2)Tx was prepared under photomodulation and further assembled into an instant gas sensing platform(IGSP).In addition,a machine learning(ML)algorithm was introduced to help the IGSP detect and recognize the signals of breath samples to diagnose CHD.Due to the synergistic effect of BP and Ti_(3)C_(2)Tx as well as photo excitation,the synthesized heterostructured complexes exhibited higher performance than pristine Ti_(3)C_(2)Tx,with a response value 26%higher than that of pristine Ti_(3)C_(2)Tx.In addition,with the help of a pattern recognition algorithm,LAVSA successfully detected and identified 15 odor molecules affiliated with alcohols,ketones,aldehydes,esters,and acids.Meanwhile,with the assistance of ML,the IGSP achieved 69.2%accuracy in detecting the breath odor of 45 volunteers from healthy people and CHD patients.In conclusion,an immediate,low-cost,and accurate prototype was designed and fabricated for the noninvasive diagnosis of CHD,which provided a generalized solution for diagnosing other diseases and other more complex application scenarios.
基金We acknowledge financial support from National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82172089,22178270 and 22078246)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2019PT320028)CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(No.2021-I2M-1-058).
文摘Poor permeation of drugs and“immune-cold”tumor microenvironment in solid tumors are the two major challenges which lead to the inefficient therapeutic efficacy for cancer treatment.Here,light-activated penetrable nanoparticles(PEGVAL&DOX&ICG@RNPs)for co-delivery of the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin(DOX),the photosensitizer agent indocyanine green(ICG),and the angiotensin II receptor blockers valsartan(VAL)were developed to achieve deep drug penetration and synergistic photo-chemo-immunotherapy of solid tumor.Studies showed that under the first-wave of laser irradiation,the polyethylene glycol(PEG)hydrophilic layer as an“inert”surface could detach from the nanoparticles,release VAL and expose the arginine-rich peptide modified-cores that can facilitate deep drug penetration via a transcytosis pathway.When exposed to the second-wave of laser irradiation,the synergistic chemo-photo-immunotherapy can be achieved.As expected,in 4T1 tumorbearing mice,PEG-VAL&DOX&ICG@RNPs treatment could effectively inhibit the growth of tumors,down-regulateα-smooth muscle actin expression level of cancer-associated fibroblasts cells in tumors,induce dendritic cells(DCs)maturation,and promote intratumoral infiltration of cytotoxic T lymphocytes.Moreover,combination therapy by PEG-VAL&DOX&ICG@RNPs and anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody can elicit memory T cell response for preventing tumor recurrence and metastasis in vivo.This work provides a promising delivery strategy to overcome the current limitations of nanomedicine for achieving more effective therapeutic index of“immune-cold”solid tumor treatment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,Nos.22165027,22061039,22001214)Gansu Province Innovation Star(No.2021CXZX-183).
文摘Recently,exploiting a novel supramolecular fabrication pathway have drawn great attention.To this endeavor,we firstly designed and reported an original light-activated platform based on the internal-driven forces of macrocyclic host by hiring the pillar[5]arene as the host molecule(H)and phenazine derivatives acting as an energetic guest molecule(G).Surprisingly,after adding the H solution into G system,the intensive fluorescence emission of the G molecule rapidly decreased under the irradiation of the UV-light(254 nm)until absolutely quenching.Delightfully,different from the traditional supramolecular host-guest interaction,the fluorescent emission of G molecule could be recovered after irradiating under the nature light.In view of this interesting observations,the interaction mechanism was carefully investigated by a series of characterizations.Those results suggested that the G molecule was easily threaded into the macrocyclic cavity(H)under the internal-driven forces induced by the UV-light irradiation,forming a 1:1 host-guest complex.Moreover,taking advantage of this especial feature,the light-activated platform of host-guest complex was further applied for ink-free light-driven printing materials,exhibiting great potential in the real application.
基金supported financially by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51672283 and 51602316)the Basic Science Innovation Program of Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science(Grant Nos.Y4N56R1161 and Y5N56F2161)
文摘To develop TiO2-based photocatalysts with visible light activity for better solar energy utilization, a simple flash oxidation method was developed by calcining commercial TiN nanoparticle to prepare N-doped TiO2 photocatalyst and TiN/TiO2 composite photocatalysts through the modulation of the calcination time and temperature. It was found that more energy and processing time were needed to prepare N-doped TiO2 photocatalyst than that of TiN/TiO2 composite photocatalyst during this process, while TiN/TiO2 composite photocatalyst bad a better visible light absorption/photocatalytic performance than that of N-doped TiO2 photocatalyst prepared from the oxidation of the same TiN precursor. Thus, the preparation of TiN/TiO2 composite photocatalyst from TiN precursor should be a more preferred approach than the preparation of N-doped TiO2 photocatalyst for visible-light-activated photocatalysis for its costeffectiveness.
文摘We report, for the first time, binary ZnO/MnW04 nanocomposites with p-n heterojunction fabricated by a simple ultrasonic-calcination route. The phase structure, morphology, and optical along with tex- tural properties were comprehensively characterized. The photocatalytic performance was studied via degradations of rhodamine B, methyl blue and methyl orange （RhB, MB, MO）, and fuchsine pollutants under visible-light illumination. The ZnO/MnW04 nanocomposites exhibited better photocatalytic per-formance than their single components and the nanocomposite with 30 wt% MnW04 showed the highest activity. Photocatalytic performance of this nanocomposite is 22.5, 17.7, 26.8, and 23.9 times higher than that of the ZnO sample in degradations of RhB, MB, MO, and fuchsine dyes, respectively. The improved photocatalytic performance was ascribed to the formation ofp-n heterojunction between ZnO and MnW04 with high charge separation efficiency as well as strong visible-light absorption ability. The possible mechanism for the improved photocatalytic performance was proposed. This study revealed that the novel ZnO/MnW04 p-n heterojunction can act as a promising visible-light-active photocatalyst for environmental applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(6122700851472252+2 种基金51172244and 11179006)the Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(KGZD-EW-T02)
文摘This paper reports on new applications of water-dispersible graphene quantum dots(GQDs) that we recently developed. The prepared GQDs not only show broad absorption in the visible spectrum from 400 to 700 nm, but can also serve as smart photosensitizers with high singlet oxygen(1O2) production under visible-light irradiation(≥420 nm). We showed that the prepared GQDs can potentially be used as a metal-free, visible-light-active, sensitized photocatalyst via energy transfer mechanism, in which the light energy was converted by GQDs to produce 1O2, which can kill nearby microorganisms and degrade organic dyes.
