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Cd胁迫下不同耐性豆科植物根内活性氧产生与基因组DNA多态性变化 被引量:5
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作者 张芬琴 张红晓 沈振国 《生态学杂志》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2012年第9期2330-2336,共7页
采用溶液培养法,研究了镉胁迫对绿豆和箭舌豌豆幼苗根基因组DNA多态性和活性氧产生的影响。结果表明:Cd胁迫降低了2种植物根尖基因组DNA模板的稳定性,导致DNA多态性发生了变化,包括RAPD谱带的增加、缺失及其荧光强度的改变;同时,Cd胁迫... 采用溶液培养法,研究了镉胁迫对绿豆和箭舌豌豆幼苗根基因组DNA多态性和活性氧产生的影响。结果表明:Cd胁迫降低了2种植物根尖基因组DNA模板的稳定性,导致DNA多态性发生了变化,包括RAPD谱带的增加、缺失及其荧光强度的改变;同时,Cd胁迫抑制了根的伸长生长,促进了根内超氧阴离子(O2.-)产生和过氧化氢(H2O2)积累;Cd胁迫下2种植物根的伸长与其根内O2.-产生、H2O2积累以及DNA多态性呈负相关,DNA多态性与Cd胁迫下H2O2积累呈正相关。 展开更多
关键词 CD胁迫 豆科植物 活性氧 DNA多态性
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Effects of Plant Residue Decomposition on Soil N Availability,Microbial Biomass and β-Glucosidase Activity During Soil Fertility Improvement in Ghana
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作者 Samuel T. PARTEY Robert B. Z0UGM0RE +1 位作者 Naresh V. THEVATHASAN Richard F. PREZIOSI 《Pedosphere》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2019年第5期608-618,共11页
With limited use of inorganic fertilizers on smallholder farms,plant residues could be viable alternatives for soil fertility improvement.This study was conducted to determine how residue quality and decomposition of ... With limited use of inorganic fertilizers on smallholder farms,plant residues could be viable alternatives for soil fertility improvement.This study was conducted to determine how residue quality and decomposition of nine plant species influence soil N availability,microbial biomass,andβ-glucosidase activity during soil fertility improvement.Significant differences in N concentration were found among the species,ranging from 12.2 g kg-1 in Zea mays to 39.2 g kg-1 in Baphia nitida.The C/N ratio was the highest in Z.mays(34.4),whereas lignin and polyphenol concentrations were the greatest in Acacia auriculiformis.The highest decomposition rate(0.251%per day)occurred in Tithonia diversifolia,and the lowest in A.auriculiformis,Albizia zygia,B.nitida,and Z.mays,with the half-lives of 28-56 d.Between 80%and 89%of N,P,K,Ca,and Mg were released from T.diversifolia in 7 d,compared with over 70%retention in A.auriculiformis,B.nitida,and Z.mays.The decomposition and nutrient release half-lives of Gliricidia sepium,Leucaena leucocephala,Azadirachta indica,and Senna spectabilis were less than 14 d.Soil mineral N,microbial biomass,andβ-glucosidase activity increased under all treatments,with T.diversifolia having the greatest effect.While N mineralization occurred in all of the species throughout the experiment,an initial N immobilization was recorded in the A.zy.gia,B.nitida,A.auriculiformis,and Z.mays treatments for up to 14 d.Decomposition and nutrient release rates,mineral N,soil microbial biomass,andβ-glucosidase activity were dependent on residue quality,and P and lignin levels,the lignin/N ratio,and the(lignin+polyphenol)/N ratio had the most significant effects(P≤0.05). 展开更多
关键词 leguminous species LITTER quality microbial ACTIVITY N MINERALIZATION nutrient release organic matter
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奎屯辖区野生豆科植物种类调查及其合理利用
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作者 隋云吉 郭润华 +2 位作者 杨峰玉 何磊 杨帆 《黑龙江农业科学》 2012年第2期150-152,共3页
通过对准噶尔西南缘(奎屯市辖区)野生豆科植物种类调查统计得出,有豆科植物11属15种,其中有饲用植物、药用植物和园林观赏植物。对其利用的建议:接种与之相匹配的根瘤菌,发挥豆科植物生物固氮效益;把生态平衡与经济发展的利益统一起来;... 通过对准噶尔西南缘(奎屯市辖区)野生豆科植物种类调查统计得出,有豆科植物11属15种,其中有饲用植物、药用植物和园林观赏植物。对其利用的建议:接种与之相匹配的根瘤菌,发挥豆科植物生物固氮效益;把生态平衡与经济发展的利益统一起来;提高饲草利用率;开发其绿色生态屏障作用。 展开更多
关键词 奎屯辖区 豆科植物 种类 合理利用
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NaCl胁迫对4种豆科树种幼苗生长和K^+、Na^+含量的影响 被引量:27
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作者 莫海波 殷云龙 +2 位作者 芦治国 魏秀君 徐建华 《应用生态学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2011年第5期1155-1161,共7页
以合欢、刺槐、国槐和皂荚4种豆科树种盆栽实生幼苗为试验材料,研究了NaCl胁迫下4个树种幼苗的生长、耐盐临界浓度和Na+、K+含量的变化,并对其耐盐性进行了比较.结果表明:NaCl胁迫抑制了4个树种幼苗的生长,苗木的干物质积累量减小、根... 以合欢、刺槐、国槐和皂荚4种豆科树种盆栽实生幼苗为试验材料,研究了NaCl胁迫下4个树种幼苗的生长、耐盐临界浓度和Na+、K+含量的变化,并对其耐盐性进行了比较.结果表明:NaCl胁迫抑制了4个树种幼苗的生长,苗木的干物质积累量减小、根冠比增大,尤其对合欢和皂荚的影响较大;以相对干质量降至对照组50%时的NaCl浓度作为生长临界NaCl浓度(C50)指标,4个树种的耐盐强弱顺序为:刺槐(5.0‰)>国槐(4.5‰)>皂荚(3.9‰)>合欢(3.0‰);随NaCl浓度的增加,各树种幼苗根、茎、叶中Na+含量逐渐增加,K+含量先增加后减小(合欢根除外),而K+/Na+差异较大.相同浓度NaCl胁迫下,幼苗器官的Na+分布为根>茎>叶,K+因树种和NaCl浓度不同而各异,以叶片中较多,K+/Na+为叶>茎>根.NaCl胁迫下,刺槐的K+含量和K+/Na+较高,地上部分Na+含量较低,幼苗干物质量大,耐盐性较强;而合欢的K+/Na+较小,高浓度NaCl胁迫下地上部分的Na+含量较高,幼苗干物质量小,耐盐性较差.苗木地上部分对K+的积累和根部对Na+的滞留是影响豆科树种耐盐性能的主要因素. 展开更多
关键词 豆科树种 NACL胁迫 耐盐临界浓度 离子分布 耐盐性评价
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鹤山人工林的辐射能环境研究 被引量:14
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作者 任海 彭少麟 《生态科学》 CSCD 1997年第1期22-29,共8页
对鹤山针叶混交林、以乡土树种为主的阔叶混交林和豆科混交的林冠作用层和林地作用层辐射能等方面进行了研究.在太阳高度角和天气等因素的影响下,全年抵达各林的总辐射月变化基本上都呈双峰曲线,各林的峰值分布于5月和7~9月,谷... 对鹤山针叶混交林、以乡土树种为主的阔叶混交林和豆科混交的林冠作用层和林地作用层辐射能等方面进行了研究.在太阳高度角和天气等因素的影响下,全年抵达各林的总辐射月变化基本上都呈双峰曲线,各林的峰值分布于5月和7~9月,谷值分布于2月和6月.由于坡向的影响,东南坡的太阳总辐射最大,平坦地和西坡次之,东坡较小,北坡最小.各林型林冠上直接辐射和散射辐射占各自总太阳辐射量的比例有所不同,但各林林冠上直射所占比例均大于散射所占比例;由于冠层截获的影响,林下散射辐射量则大于直射辐射量.草坡、气象站、豆科林、乡土林和针叶林的林上反射率分别为17.2%、18.3%、10.6%、11.4%和13.4%,而后三个林型林内的反射率分别为28.9%、25.1%、21.4%.这种差异是由植物冠层结构、植物器官的光学特性和群落的发育状况等决定.因太阳高度角、天气状况、下垫面状况及坡向的不同,草坡、气象站、针叶林、乡土林和豆科林林冠作用层的净辐射分别为2915.6MJ·m-2·a-1、2547.4MJ·m-2·a-1、2555.1MJ·m-2·a-1、2739.2MJ·m-2·a-1、2922.3MJ·m-2·a-1;其透射率分别为42.3? 展开更多
关键词 森林生态学 人工林 辐射能环境 鹤山
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基于THz-TDS技术的豆科牧草种子的鉴定识别 被引量:4
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作者 王芳 任慧 +2 位作者 夏红岩 赵景峰 宝日玛 《内蒙古大学学报(自然科学版)》 CAS 北大核心 2017年第2期130-137,共8页
利用太赫兹时域光谱(THz-TDS)技术对豆科牧草种子样品进行实验测试,得到了百脉根、柠条、毛苕籽、沙打旺和羊柴五种常见的牧草种子在太赫兹波段的时域谱,通过快速傅里叶变换得到频域谱,进而得到各牧草种子样品的吸收系数、折射率等光学... 利用太赫兹时域光谱(THz-TDS)技术对豆科牧草种子样品进行实验测试,得到了百脉根、柠条、毛苕籽、沙打旺和羊柴五种常见的牧草种子在太赫兹波段的时域谱,通过快速傅里叶变换得到频域谱,进而得到各牧草种子样品的吸收系数、折射率等光学参数.发现在0.2-1.4THz有效频域范围内,样品的吸收系数谱线以不同的斜率单调递增,样品的平均折射率在1.45-1.71之间,且彼此之间有较大的差异.同时利用偏最小二乘法回归(PLSR)分别对五种豆科牧草的35个样本的吸收系数和折射率做了模型的建立和统计分析.结果表明,利用折射率建立的PLS模型预测效果最好,其相关系数(R)和均方根误差(RMSE)分别为0.9983和0.3157,更能准确鉴定未知样品的种类.研究表明,太赫兹时域光谱技术结合统计分析方法可以作为无损鉴定牧草种子真伪和识别牧草种子种类的一种有效手段,不仅丰富了牧草种子的检测手段,而且有望发展建立标准检测的数据库,最终实现快速、批量、经济鉴定识别牧草种子的目的. 展开更多
关键词 太赫兹时域光谱(THz-TDS) 豆科牧草 品种检测 偏最小二乘回归(PLSR)
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云南景东县豆科固氮树种及根瘤菌资源调查 被引量:4
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作者 贾风勤 杨比伦 腊萍 《西南林学院学报》 2009年第4期13-18,共6页
对云南景东县豆科固氮树种进行调查采集与鉴定,确认并记录70种与相应的根瘤菌(菌株)共生的豆科固氮树种。其中,云实亚科1属1种,含羞草亚科6属20种,蝶形花亚科23属49种。根瘤大小不一,形状各异,有球形、椭圆形、棒状、珊瑚状;表面颜色有... 对云南景东县豆科固氮树种进行调查采集与鉴定,确认并记录70种与相应的根瘤菌(菌株)共生的豆科固氮树种。其中,云实亚科1属1种,含羞草亚科6属20种,蝶形花亚科23属49种。根瘤大小不一,形状各异,有球形、椭圆形、棒状、珊瑚状;表面颜色有浅黄色、棕黑色、棕色或黑色。对以活体保存的材料进行根瘤菌的分离、鉴定,获得并保存了分别与其中38种豆科树种相共生的根瘤菌菌株147株。调查表明,在景东县及云南南亚热带区域和热带区域,不仅拥有可供在多方面开发利用的豆科固氮树种,且具有丰富的可供科研和开发利用的根瘤菌资源。 展开更多
关键词 豆科固氮树种 根瘤 根瘤菌菌株 资源 云南景东县
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Short Term Leguminous Trees-Tillage Interactions and Their Effect on Soil-Water Content in a Semi-Arid Agroforestry Parkland 被引量:1
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作者 Chester Kalinda David Mburu +3 位作者 Kamau Ngamau Lwali A. Chisala Donald Zulu John Kihoro 《Open Journal of Forestry》 2015年第7期668-677,共10页
Agricultural activities that encourage slashing, burning and ploughing greatly affect the soil structure and soil organic matter on which soil water retention depends. In this study, we hypothesized that inclusion of ... Agricultural activities that encourage slashing, burning and ploughing greatly affect the soil structure and soil organic matter on which soil water retention depends. In this study, we hypothesized that inclusion of rotational leguminous tree species improves soil water retention in a semi-arid conservation agriculture system. In a study done in Kibwezi, semi-arid eastern Kenya, results showed that the amount of water retained in the different soil strata from plots with different tree species and tillage practices was highly significant (P = 0.032). Plots with planting basins and Gliricidia sepium and Faidherbia albida tree species retained more water in both the upper and lower strata. Plots with G. sepium tree species under planting basins and zero tillage under F. albida had significantly higher soil organic carbon levels than plots that were managed under ridges and ploughing (P = 0.002). On the other hand, bulk density in plots with planting basins and zero tillage and ridges ranged between 1.35 g/cm3 and 1.53 g/cm3. Conventional tillage plots had bulk density values of 1.65 g/cm3 and 1.72 g/cm3 in the upper and lower strata respectively. The time-dependent nature of rotational leguminous tree species on soil organic matter and soil water retention in the semi-arid conservation agriculture system highlights the importance of considering these species for improving organic carbon and water retention for improved crop production. 展开更多
关键词 G. sepium F. albida T. CANDIDA leguminous Tree species SOIL Organic Carbon SOIL Water Retention INFILTRATION
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Functional relationships of nodulation response and biomass production at nursery stages of two fast-growing, leguminous-multipurpose tree species in Bangladesh: Albizia saman and Leucaena leucocephala
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作者 Md.Salim AZAD Samir MONDOL Md.Abdul MATIN 《Forestry Studies in China》 CAS 2013年第4期274-285,共12页
This study was carried out to assess the relationship of the status of nodulation(i.e., the number of nodules, their shape and size) in root and biomass production of plant growth parameters(i.e., number of leaves, ro... This study was carried out to assess the relationship of the status of nodulation(i.e., the number of nodules, their shape and size) in root and biomass production of plant growth parameters(i.e., number of leaves, root and shoot lengths, root biomass and shoot biomass) in Albizia saman and Leucaena leucocephala. The assessment started 60 days after seeding. The study revealed that nodulation response and biomass production in both species showed significant differences over time(p < 0.05) in all variables except in the root-shoot ratio(oven-dry) of L. leucocephala. The study also showed significant differences(p < 0.05) in nodule formation and biomass production at the end of the study period between the two species except in the number of nodules and leaves and the green root-shoot ratio. There were strong positive correlations between nodule formation and biomass production, i.e., the number of nodules and the age of plants, the number of nodules and leaves, as well as the number of nodules and biomass(root biomass and shoot biomass) in both species. The results obtained using principal component analysis(PCA) and correlation coefficients of the different characteristics of nodulation and biomass production were similar in both species. The PCA showed that shoot biomass(shoot green weight and shoot oven-dry weight) is positively correlated with PC1(with an eigenvalue of 7.50) and root length is positively correlated with PC2(with an eigenvalue of 0.19) in the case of A. saman. In the case of L. leucocephala, the PCA revealed that root biomass(root green weight and root oven-dry weight), shoot biomass and shoot length are also positively correlated with PC1, while nodule formation and the number of leaves are positively correlated with PC2(with an eigenvalue PC1 of 6.92 and PC2 of 0.49). 展开更多
关键词 leguminous tree species nitrogen fixation nodule formation nursery practice seedling growth
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