This study aims to investigate mechanical properties and failure mechanisms of layered rock with rough joint surfaces under direct shear loading.Cubic layered samples with dimensions of 100 mm×100 mm×100 mm ...This study aims to investigate mechanical properties and failure mechanisms of layered rock with rough joint surfaces under direct shear loading.Cubic layered samples with dimensions of 100 mm×100 mm×100 mm were casted using rock-like materials,with anisotropic angle(α)and joint roughness coefficient(JRC)ranging from 15°to 75°and 2-20,respectively.The direct shear tests were conducted under the application of initial normal stress(σ_(n)) ranging from 1-4 MPa.The test results indicate significant differences in mechanical properties,acoustic emission(AE)responses,maximum principal strain fields,and ultimate failure modes of layered samples under different test conditions.The peak stress increases with the increasingαand achieves a maximum value atα=60°or 75°.As σ_(n) increases,the peak stress shows an increasing trend,with correlation coefficients R² ranging from 0.918 to 0.995 for the linear least squares fitting.As JRC increases from 2-4 to 18-20,the cohesion increases by 86.32%whenα=15°,while the cohesion decreases by 27.93%whenα=75°.The differences in roughness characteristics of shear failure surface induced byαresult in anisotropic post-peak AE responses,which is characterized by active AE signals whenαis small and quiet AE signals for a largeα.For a given JRC=6-8 andσ_(n)=1 MPa,asαincreases,the accumulative AE counts increase by 224.31%(αincreased from 15°to 60°),and then decrease by 14.68%(αincreased from 60°to 75°).The shear failure surface is formed along the weak interlayer whenα=15°and penetrates the layered matrix whenα=60°.Whenα=15°,as σ_(n) increases,the adjacent weak interlayer induces a change in the direction of tensile cracks propagation,resulting in a stepped pattern of cracks distribution.The increase in JRC intensifies roughness characteristics of shear failure surface for a smallα,however,it is not pronounced for a largeα.The findings will contribute to a better understanding of the mechanical responses and failure mechanisms of the layered rocks subjected展开更多
为研究岩溶隧道层状节理隔水岩柱水压致裂特性,建立隔水岩柱分析模型,通过量纲分析获得影响隔水岩柱临界承载水压的关键因素,并开展单一节理单元岩体的强度特性分析,借助连续-非连续数值模拟方法(continuum discontinuum element method...为研究岩溶隧道层状节理隔水岩柱水压致裂特性,建立隔水岩柱分析模型,通过量纲分析获得影响隔水岩柱临界承载水压的关键因素,并开展单一节理单元岩体的强度特性分析,借助连续-非连续数值模拟方法(continuum discontinuum element method,CDEM)观察裂缝扩展贯通过程,获得不同节理倾角隔水岩柱的破坏模式和临界承载水压,以及隔水岩柱的破裂度和损伤度随节理倾角的演化规律。计算结果表明:层状节理隔水岩柱的破坏模式包括基岩破坏、沿节理面的层间破坏和复合型破坏;受上覆岩层自重影响,隔水岩柱临界水压具有明显的倾角效应,呈先减小后增大的变化趋势;节理面层间贯穿性破坏的破裂度和损伤度远小于基岩贯穿性破坏。展开更多
A layered network model for optical transport networks is proposed in this paper,which involves Internet Protocol(IP) ,Synchronous Digital Hierarchy(SDH) and Wavelength Division Mul-tiplexing(WDM) layers. The strategy...A layered network model for optical transport networks is proposed in this paper,which involves Internet Protocol(IP) ,Synchronous Digital Hierarchy(SDH) and Wavelength Division Mul-tiplexing(WDM) layers. The strategy of Dynamic Joint Routing and Resource Allocation(DJRRA) and its algorithm description are also presented for the proposed layered network model. DJRRA op-timizes the bandwidth usage of interface links between different layers and the logic links inside all layers. The simulation results show that DJRRA can reduce the blocking probability and increase network throughput effectively,which is in contrast to the classical separate sequential routing and resource allocation solutions.展开更多
An efficient LDPC-coded multi-relay cooperation architecture is proposed based on virtual vertical Bell Labs layered space-time (V-BLAST) processing for uplink communication, where minimum-mean-square-error (MMSE)...An efficient LDPC-coded multi-relay cooperation architecture is proposed based on virtual vertical Bell Labs layered space-time (V-BLAST) processing for uplink communication, where minimum-mean-square-error (MMSE) and BP-based joint iterative decoding based on the introduced muhi-layer Tanner graph are effectively de- signed to detect and decode the corrupted received sequence at the destination. By introducing V-BLAST transmis- sion to the coded multi-relay cooperation, relays send their streams of symbols simultaneously, which increases the data rate and significantly reduces the transmission delay. The theoretical analysis and numerical results show that the new LDPC coded cooperation scheme outperforms the coded non-cooperation under the same code rate, and it also achieves a good trade-off among the performance, signal delay, and the encoding complexity associated with the number of relays. The performance gain can be credited to the proposed V-BLAST processing architecture and BP-based joint iterative decoding by the introduced multi-layer Tanner graph at a receiver-side.展开更多
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52174092,51904290,52004272,52104125,42372328,and U23B2091)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(Nos.BK20220157 and BK20240209)+3 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.2022YCPY0202)Xuzhou Science and Technology Project,China(Nos.KC21033 and KC22005)Yunlong Lake Laboratory of Deep Underground Science and Engineering Project,China(No.104023002)the Graduate Innovation Program of China University of Mining and Technology(No.2023WLTCRCZL052)。
文摘This study aims to investigate mechanical properties and failure mechanisms of layered rock with rough joint surfaces under direct shear loading.Cubic layered samples with dimensions of 100 mm×100 mm×100 mm were casted using rock-like materials,with anisotropic angle(α)and joint roughness coefficient(JRC)ranging from 15°to 75°and 2-20,respectively.The direct shear tests were conducted under the application of initial normal stress(σ_(n)) ranging from 1-4 MPa.The test results indicate significant differences in mechanical properties,acoustic emission(AE)responses,maximum principal strain fields,and ultimate failure modes of layered samples under different test conditions.The peak stress increases with the increasingαand achieves a maximum value atα=60°or 75°.As σ_(n) increases,the peak stress shows an increasing trend,with correlation coefficients R² ranging from 0.918 to 0.995 for the linear least squares fitting.As JRC increases from 2-4 to 18-20,the cohesion increases by 86.32%whenα=15°,while the cohesion decreases by 27.93%whenα=75°.The differences in roughness characteristics of shear failure surface induced byαresult in anisotropic post-peak AE responses,which is characterized by active AE signals whenαis small and quiet AE signals for a largeα.For a given JRC=6-8 andσ_(n)=1 MPa,asαincreases,the accumulative AE counts increase by 224.31%(αincreased from 15°to 60°),and then decrease by 14.68%(αincreased from 60°to 75°).The shear failure surface is formed along the weak interlayer whenα=15°and penetrates the layered matrix whenα=60°.Whenα=15°,as σ_(n) increases,the adjacent weak interlayer induces a change in the direction of tensile cracks propagation,resulting in a stepped pattern of cracks distribution.The increase in JRC intensifies roughness characteristics of shear failure surface for a smallα,however,it is not pronounced for a largeα.The findings will contribute to a better understanding of the mechanical responses and failure mechanisms of the layered rocks subjected
文摘为研究岩溶隧道层状节理隔水岩柱水压致裂特性,建立隔水岩柱分析模型,通过量纲分析获得影响隔水岩柱临界承载水压的关键因素,并开展单一节理单元岩体的强度特性分析,借助连续-非连续数值模拟方法(continuum discontinuum element method,CDEM)观察裂缝扩展贯通过程,获得不同节理倾角隔水岩柱的破坏模式和临界承载水压,以及隔水岩柱的破裂度和损伤度随节理倾角的演化规律。计算结果表明:层状节理隔水岩柱的破坏模式包括基岩破坏、沿节理面的层间破坏和复合型破坏;受上覆岩层自重影响,隔水岩柱临界水压具有明显的倾角效应,呈先减小后增大的变化趋势;节理面层间贯穿性破坏的破裂度和损伤度远小于基岩贯穿性破坏。
基金the Science & Technology Foundation of Huawei Ltd. (No.YJCB2005040SW)the Creative Foundation of Xidian University (No.05030).
文摘A layered network model for optical transport networks is proposed in this paper,which involves Internet Protocol(IP) ,Synchronous Digital Hierarchy(SDH) and Wavelength Division Mul-tiplexing(WDM) layers. The strategy of Dynamic Joint Routing and Resource Allocation(DJRRA) and its algorithm description are also presented for the proposed layered network model. DJRRA op-timizes the bandwidth usage of interface links between different layers and the logic links inside all layers. The simulation results show that DJRRA can reduce the blocking probability and increase network throughput effectively,which is in contrast to the classical separate sequential routing and resource allocation solutions.
基金Supported by the Science and Technology on Avionics Integration Laboratory and National Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(20105552)
文摘An efficient LDPC-coded multi-relay cooperation architecture is proposed based on virtual vertical Bell Labs layered space-time (V-BLAST) processing for uplink communication, where minimum-mean-square-error (MMSE) and BP-based joint iterative decoding based on the introduced muhi-layer Tanner graph are effectively de- signed to detect and decode the corrupted received sequence at the destination. By introducing V-BLAST transmis- sion to the coded multi-relay cooperation, relays send their streams of symbols simultaneously, which increases the data rate and significantly reduces the transmission delay. The theoretical analysis and numerical results show that the new LDPC coded cooperation scheme outperforms the coded non-cooperation under the same code rate, and it also achieves a good trade-off among the performance, signal delay, and the encoding complexity associated with the number of relays. The performance gain can be credited to the proposed V-BLAST processing architecture and BP-based joint iterative decoding by the introduced multi-layer Tanner graph at a receiver-side.