Since its discovery 50 years ago,Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)has been linked to the development of cancers originating from both lymphoid and epithelial cells.Approximately 95%of the world’s population sustains an asympto...Since its discovery 50 years ago,Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)has been linked to the development of cancers originating from both lymphoid and epithelial cells.Approximately 95%of the world’s population sustains an asymptomatic,life-long infection with EBV.The virus persists in the memory B-cell pool of normal healthy individuals,and any disruption of this interaction results in virus-associated B-cell tumors.The association of EBV with epithelial cell tumors,specifically nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)and EBVpositive gastric carcinoma(EBV-GC),is less clear and is currently thought to be caused by the aberrant establishment of virus latency in epithelial cells that display premalignant genetic changes.Although the precise role of EBV in the carcinogenic process is currently poorly understood,the presence of the virus in all tumor cells provides opportunities for developing novel therapeutic and diagnostic approaches.The study of EBV and its role in carcinomas continues to provide insight into the carcinogenic process that is relevant to a broader understanding of tumor pathogenesis and to the development of targeted cancer therapies.展开更多
无线传感器网络(Wireless Sensor Network,WSN)中服务质量(Quality of Service,QoS)的控制目的在于缩减受限资源的开销,它能够最大程度地提高网络的整体性能,延长网络寿命.针对WSN的QoS设计与评价体系因其庞杂的应用场景而难以统一.文...无线传感器网络(Wireless Sensor Network,WSN)中服务质量(Quality of Service,QoS)的控制目的在于缩减受限资源的开销,它能够最大程度地提高网络的整体性能,延长网络寿命.针对WSN的QoS设计与评价体系因其庞杂的应用场景而难以统一.文中面向移动目标追踪这类特定的应用场合,讨论WSN的QoS指标体系设计.在WSN框架内,现有的面向移动目标追踪的研究更多的是把关注和改进的焦点放在定位和预测的精度上,忽视了由追踪任务本质属性决定的多项必然QoS要求之间的耦合与权衡,单一、片面强调精度的QoS分析对于复杂动态的网络系统来说是欠全面的.文中将基于WSN的移动目标追踪事件按照信息流顺序及数据处理特点,划分成4个任务模块:节点部署、节点选择、数据传输和分布式协作处理算法,并在综合3项QoS指标(即精度、时延、网络生存寿命)的总框架下,依次对各个任务模块中的映射QoS分指标及其支撑架构和现有协议进行阐述,并由此提出基于反馈和跨层设计的QoS保障机制.展开更多
Aim: To assess the psychometric properties of the Chinese Index of Premature Ejaculation (CIPE). Methods: The sexual function of 167 patients with and 114 normai controls without premature ejaculation (PE) were evalua...Aim: To assess the psychometric properties of the Chinese Index of Premature Ejaculation (CIPE). Methods: The sexual function of 167 patients with and 114 normai controls without premature ejaculation (PE) were evaluated with CIPE. All subjects were married and had regular sexual activity. The CIPE has 10 questions, focusing on libido, erectile function, ejaculatory latency, sexual satisfaction and difficulty in delaying ejaculation, self-confi dence and depression. Each question was responded to on a 5 point Likert-type scale. The individual question score and the total scale score were analyzed between the two groups. Results: There were no significant differences between the age, duration of marriage and educational level (P > 0.05) of patients with and vvithout PE and normai controls. The mean latency of patients with PE and normai controls were 1.6±1.2 and 10.2±9.5 minutes, respectively. Significant differences between patients with (26.7±4.6) PE and normai controls (41.9±4.0) were observed on the total score of CIPE (P < 0.01). Using binary logistic regression analysis, PE was significantly related to five questions of the original measure. They are the so-called the CIPE-5 and include: ejaculatory latency, sexual satisfaction of patients and sexual partner, difficulty in delaying ejaculation, anxiety and depression. Receiver Operat ing Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis of CIPE-5 questionnaire indicated that the sensitivity and specificity of CIPE were 97.60 % and 94.74 %, respectively. Employing the total score of CIPE-5, patients with PE could be divided into three groups: mild (>15 point) 19.8 %, moderate (10-14 point) 62.8 % and severe (< 9 point) 16.7 %. Conclusion: The CIPE-5 is a useful method for the evaluation of sexual function of patients with PE and can be used as a clinical endpoint for clinical trials studying the efficacy of pharmacologica] intervention.展开更多
Sparse code multiple access(SCMA) is a novel non-orthogonal multiple access scheme proposed to meet the challenging demand of the future 5G communications, especially in support of the massive connections. The coded b...Sparse code multiple access(SCMA) is a novel non-orthogonal multiple access scheme proposed to meet the challenging demand of the future 5G communications, especially in support of the massive connections. The coded bits from each data stream will be directly mapped as multi-dimensional SCMA codeword in complex domain and then spread onto the physical resource elements in a sparse manner. The number of codewords that can be nonorthogonally multiplexed in one SCMA block can be made much larger than the number of orthogonal resource elements therein, resulting in an overloaded system. The sparsity in the spreading pattern and the design in the multidimensional modulator jointly ensure the SCMA codewords can be robustly decoded with low complexity. In this paper, we focus on the low complexity receiver design and verified the superior of an SCMA system via simulations and real-time prototyping. Lab tests and field tests all show that SCMA is a promising candidate for 5G non-orthogonal multiple access which can provide up to 300% overloading that triples the whole system throughput while still enjoying the link performance close to orthogonal transmissions.展开更多
由2篇论文组成的系列文章旨在研究广域闭环控制系统(wide-area closed-loop control system,WACS)中时延的测量方法及其特性建模。该文作为系列文章的第1篇,研究WACS中的时延产生,将WACS时延归为通信时延和操作时延两大类并分别研究。...由2篇论文组成的系列文章旨在研究广域闭环控制系统(wide-area closed-loop control system,WACS)中时延的测量方法及其特性建模。该文作为系列文章的第1篇,研究WACS中的时延产生,将WACS时延归为通信时延和操作时延两大类并分别研究。针对通信时延,提出一种线性估计模型,继而实测并分析贵州电网广域测量系统的通信时延,验证该线性估计模型的正确性。针对操作时延,分析实验室条件下WACS设备的操作时延,提出基于RTDS硬件在环平台的波形对比测量法,并用此方法实测WACS硬件在环系统中的操作时延。分析结果表明,实验室条件下操作时延可以用正态分布拟合其分布特性。该文对时延的分析及测试结果是研究WACS闭环时延的重要基础。展开更多
This study examined the effect of electro-acupuncture (EA) combined with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) therapy at different time windows on learning and memory ability of rats with cerebral infarction and th...This study examined the effect of electro-acupuncture (EA) combined with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) therapy at different time windows on learning and memory ability of rats with cerebral infarction and the underlying mechanism.Two hundred SD rats were randomly divided into four groups:normal group,sham-operated group,model group and EA+TMS group,and each group was then divided into five sub-groups in terms of the different time to start treatment post operation:6,12,24,48 and 72 h.Cerebral infarction models were established in the model and the EA+TMS groups by left middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R).After treatment for 14 d,the Morris water maze test was applied to examine the spatial learning and memory abilities of rats.In infarcted area,the expression of caspase-3 was immunohistochemically detected,and real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was used to measure the expression of Bcl-2 mRNA.The results showed that in EA+TMS group compared with model group at the same treatment time windows,the escape latency was substantially shortened,the expression of caspase-3 was considerably decreased and the expression level of Bcl-2 mRNA significantly increased (P<0.05).In the EA+TMS sub-groups,the escape latency was shortest,the expression level of caspase-3 lowest,and the expression level of Bcl-2 mRNA highest at the treatment time window of 24 h.It was concluded that EA combined with TMS can promote neurological function of rats with cerebral infarction by increasing the expression level of Bcl-2 mRNA and decreasing the expression of caspase-3.The best time window is 24 h after perfusion treatment to ischemia.展开更多
Herpes simplex virus type 1(HSV-1),a neurotropic herpes virus,is able to establish a lifelong latent infection in the human host.Following primary replication in mucosal epithelial cells,the virus can enter sensory ne...Herpes simplex virus type 1(HSV-1),a neurotropic herpes virus,is able to establish a lifelong latent infection in the human host.Following primary replication in mucosal epithelial cells,the virus can enter sensory neurons innervating peripheral tissues via nerve termini.The viral genome is then transported to the nucleus where it can be maintained without producing infectious progeny,and thus latency is established in the cell.Yin-Yang balance is an essential concept in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)theory.Yin represents stable and inhibitory factors,and Yang represents the active and aggressive factors.When the organism is exposed to stress,especially psychological stress caused by emotional stimulation,the Yin-Yang balance is disturbed and the virus can re-engage in productive replication,resulting in recurrent diseases.Therefore,a better understanding of the stress-induced susceptibility to HSV-1 primary infection and reactivation is needed and will provide helpful insights into the effective control and treatment of HSV-1.Here we reviewed the recent advances in the studies of HSV-1 susceptibility,latency and reactivation.We included mechanisms involved in primary infection and the regulation of latency and described how stress-induced changes increase the susceptibility to primary and recurrent infections.展开更多
基金supported by Cancer Research UK and the European Commission’s FP6 Life-Sciences-Health Programme(INCA Project:LSHC-CT-2005-018704)
文摘Since its discovery 50 years ago,Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)has been linked to the development of cancers originating from both lymphoid and epithelial cells.Approximately 95%of the world’s population sustains an asymptomatic,life-long infection with EBV.The virus persists in the memory B-cell pool of normal healthy individuals,and any disruption of this interaction results in virus-associated B-cell tumors.The association of EBV with epithelial cell tumors,specifically nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)and EBVpositive gastric carcinoma(EBV-GC),is less clear and is currently thought to be caused by the aberrant establishment of virus latency in epithelial cells that display premalignant genetic changes.Although the precise role of EBV in the carcinogenic process is currently poorly understood,the presence of the virus in all tumor cells provides opportunities for developing novel therapeutic and diagnostic approaches.The study of EBV and its role in carcinomas continues to provide insight into the carcinogenic process that is relevant to a broader understanding of tumor pathogenesis and to the development of targeted cancer therapies.
文摘无线传感器网络(Wireless Sensor Network,WSN)中服务质量(Quality of Service,QoS)的控制目的在于缩减受限资源的开销,它能够最大程度地提高网络的整体性能,延长网络寿命.针对WSN的QoS设计与评价体系因其庞杂的应用场景而难以统一.文中面向移动目标追踪这类特定的应用场合,讨论WSN的QoS指标体系设计.在WSN框架内,现有的面向移动目标追踪的研究更多的是把关注和改进的焦点放在定位和预测的精度上,忽视了由追踪任务本质属性决定的多项必然QoS要求之间的耦合与权衡,单一、片面强调精度的QoS分析对于复杂动态的网络系统来说是欠全面的.文中将基于WSN的移动目标追踪事件按照信息流顺序及数据处理特点,划分成4个任务模块:节点部署、节点选择、数据传输和分布式协作处理算法,并在综合3项QoS指标(即精度、时延、网络生存寿命)的总框架下,依次对各个任务模块中的映射QoS分指标及其支撑架构和现有协议进行阐述,并由此提出基于反馈和跨层设计的QoS保障机制.
文摘Aim: To assess the psychometric properties of the Chinese Index of Premature Ejaculation (CIPE). Methods: The sexual function of 167 patients with and 114 normai controls without premature ejaculation (PE) were evaluated with CIPE. All subjects were married and had regular sexual activity. The CIPE has 10 questions, focusing on libido, erectile function, ejaculatory latency, sexual satisfaction and difficulty in delaying ejaculation, self-confi dence and depression. Each question was responded to on a 5 point Likert-type scale. The individual question score and the total scale score were analyzed between the two groups. Results: There were no significant differences between the age, duration of marriage and educational level (P > 0.05) of patients with and vvithout PE and normai controls. The mean latency of patients with PE and normai controls were 1.6±1.2 and 10.2±9.5 minutes, respectively. Significant differences between patients with (26.7±4.6) PE and normai controls (41.9±4.0) were observed on the total score of CIPE (P < 0.01). Using binary logistic regression analysis, PE was significantly related to five questions of the original measure. They are the so-called the CIPE-5 and include: ejaculatory latency, sexual satisfaction of patients and sexual partner, difficulty in delaying ejaculation, anxiety and depression. Receiver Operat ing Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis of CIPE-5 questionnaire indicated that the sensitivity and specificity of CIPE were 97.60 % and 94.74 %, respectively. Employing the total score of CIPE-5, patients with PE could be divided into three groups: mild (>15 point) 19.8 %, moderate (10-14 point) 62.8 % and severe (< 9 point) 16.7 %. Conclusion: The CIPE-5 is a useful method for the evaluation of sexual function of patients with PE and can be used as a clinical endpoint for clinical trials studying the efficacy of pharmacologica] intervention.
文摘Sparse code multiple access(SCMA) is a novel non-orthogonal multiple access scheme proposed to meet the challenging demand of the future 5G communications, especially in support of the massive connections. The coded bits from each data stream will be directly mapped as multi-dimensional SCMA codeword in complex domain and then spread onto the physical resource elements in a sparse manner. The number of codewords that can be nonorthogonally multiplexed in one SCMA block can be made much larger than the number of orthogonal resource elements therein, resulting in an overloaded system. The sparsity in the spreading pattern and the design in the multidimensional modulator jointly ensure the SCMA codewords can be robustly decoded with low complexity. In this paper, we focus on the low complexity receiver design and verified the superior of an SCMA system via simulations and real-time prototyping. Lab tests and field tests all show that SCMA is a promising candidate for 5G non-orthogonal multiple access which can provide up to 300% overloading that triples the whole system throughput while still enjoying the link performance close to orthogonal transmissions.
文摘由2篇论文组成的系列文章旨在研究广域闭环控制系统(wide-area closed-loop control system,WACS)中时延的测量方法及其特性建模。该文作为系列文章的第1篇,研究WACS中的时延产生,将WACS时延归为通信时延和操作时延两大类并分别研究。针对通信时延,提出一种线性估计模型,继而实测并分析贵州电网广域测量系统的通信时延,验证该线性估计模型的正确性。针对操作时延,分析实验室条件下WACS设备的操作时延,提出基于RTDS硬件在环平台的波形对比测量法,并用此方法实测WACS硬件在环系统中的操作时延。分析结果表明,实验室条件下操作时延可以用正态分布拟合其分布特性。该文对时延的分析及测试结果是研究WACS闭环时延的重要基础。
基金supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.30640010)
文摘This study examined the effect of electro-acupuncture (EA) combined with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) therapy at different time windows on learning and memory ability of rats with cerebral infarction and the underlying mechanism.Two hundred SD rats were randomly divided into four groups:normal group,sham-operated group,model group and EA+TMS group,and each group was then divided into five sub-groups in terms of the different time to start treatment post operation:6,12,24,48 and 72 h.Cerebral infarction models were established in the model and the EA+TMS groups by left middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R).After treatment for 14 d,the Morris water maze test was applied to examine the spatial learning and memory abilities of rats.In infarcted area,the expression of caspase-3 was immunohistochemically detected,and real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was used to measure the expression of Bcl-2 mRNA.The results showed that in EA+TMS group compared with model group at the same treatment time windows,the escape latency was substantially shortened,the expression of caspase-3 was considerably decreased and the expression level of Bcl-2 mRNA significantly increased (P<0.05).In the EA+TMS sub-groups,the escape latency was shortest,the expression level of caspase-3 lowest,and the expression level of Bcl-2 mRNA highest at the treatment time window of 24 h.It was concluded that EA combined with TMS can promote neurological function of rats with cerebral infarction by increasing the expression level of Bcl-2 mRNA and decreasing the expression of caspase-3.The best time window is 24 h after perfusion treatment to ischemia.
基金supported,in part,by the National Key Research and Development Program of China,China(grant number2017YFC1700404)Natural Science Foundation of China,China(grant numbers 81622050,81573675,81673709,81560661 and81873209)+3 种基金the Young Top-notch Talent Support Program of Guangdong Province,China(grant numbers 2014TQ01R229 and2016TQ03R586)Guangdong Province Ocean and Fisheries Bureau-Key Technology Research and Development Program,China(grant number A201701A02)Guangdong Science and Technology Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars,China(grant number 2017A030306004)the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou,China(grant numbers 201604046016 and201610010182).
文摘Herpes simplex virus type 1(HSV-1),a neurotropic herpes virus,is able to establish a lifelong latent infection in the human host.Following primary replication in mucosal epithelial cells,the virus can enter sensory neurons innervating peripheral tissues via nerve termini.The viral genome is then transported to the nucleus where it can be maintained without producing infectious progeny,and thus latency is established in the cell.Yin-Yang balance is an essential concept in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)theory.Yin represents stable and inhibitory factors,and Yang represents the active and aggressive factors.When the organism is exposed to stress,especially psychological stress caused by emotional stimulation,the Yin-Yang balance is disturbed and the virus can re-engage in productive replication,resulting in recurrent diseases.Therefore,a better understanding of the stress-induced susceptibility to HSV-1 primary infection and reactivation is needed and will provide helpful insights into the effective control and treatment of HSV-1.Here we reviewed the recent advances in the studies of HSV-1 susceptibility,latency and reactivation.We included mechanisms involved in primary infection and the regulation of latency and described how stress-induced changes increase the susceptibility to primary and recurrent infections.
