During the climatic fluctuations in the late Late Pleistocene, hominins in China had experienced some significant changes and adaptations in terms of subsistence strategies. Based on the zooarchaeological analyses of ...During the climatic fluctuations in the late Late Pleistocene, hominins in China had experienced some significant changes and adaptations in terms of subsistence strategies. Based on the zooarchaeological analyses of the faunal remains from the Shuidougou site of North China and the Ma'anshan site of South China, the present study demonstratively indicates that the broad-spectrum diet and its closely-related resource intensification for hominins were already at their places roughly at 33–35 cal ka BP. Compared to hominins of earlier period, who would have preferentially exploited large and medium-sized ungulates, hunter-gathers at later period had otherwise incorporated more small-sized animals(especially the quick ones, such as birds and hares) into their diet. Meanwhile, hominins of the later time had also greatly accelerated extractions and exploitations of the nutritional yields from the large and medium-sized animals. However, it seems clear from the current study that there was significant difference regarding the potential mechanisms for the broad-spectrum adaptations of hominins in the late Late Pleistocene of China.展开更多
The Tianyuan Cave is the only human fos-sil-bearing site containing rich mammalian fossils found in the last decades near Zhoukoudian. Up to now more than 34 specimens of the human body have been recovered, and the ma...The Tianyuan Cave is the only human fos-sil-bearing site containing rich mammalian fossils found in the last decades near Zhoukoudian. Up to now more than 34 specimens of the human body have been recovered, and the mammalian fossils can be put into 29 species. Cervids domi-nate the fauna, and carnivores are very rare. Based on the primary examination, the human fossils can be attributed to the species Homo sapiens. All the mammalian fossils, except one between tooth of Crocuta belong to the species that still exist today. But some of them are the first records in fossil form north of the Yellow River, such as Arctonyx and Capri-cornis. Based on the mammalian fauna study, it seems that the Tianyuan Cave can be correlated with the Upper Cave. Sixty-three percent of the species of the mammalian fauna from the Tianyuan Cave are also present in the Upper Cave. The characters of the deposits also share some similarities between the Tianyuan Cave and the Upper Cave; both of them are mainly composed of breccia without cement. The dating using the U-series method on deer tooth samples in-dicates that the geological age of the new site is around 25 thousand years B.P. This is the first discovery of human sites outside the core area of the Peking Man Site at Zhoukoudian, which throws new light onto this world famous site complex.展开更多
I studied Palynology of the Late Quaternary section in Chek Lap Kok, north Lantau in Hongkong (Fig. 1), from December 1985 to March 1986. The Quaternary sequence of a borehole at Chek Lap Kok was described by Dr. Rayn...I studied Palynology of the Late Quaternary section in Chek Lap Kok, north Lantau in Hongkong (Fig. 1), from December 1985 to March 1986. The Quaternary sequence of a borehole at Chek Lap Kok was described by Dr. Raynor Shaw. The samples studied were provided by the Civil Engineering Office of the Civil Engineering Services Department, Hongkong Government. Among the three samples (buried underground 14.24—16.79m) including relics of plant, sporo-pollen association of the mangrove plant is found. There展开更多
The paleoforest remains studied are distributed within a range of 18000 m^2 in the intertidal zone of the Qianhu Bay, Fujian Province. Eighty-nine ancient tree stumps can be clearly recognized in the paleoforest remai...The paleoforest remains studied are distributed within a range of 18000 m^2 in the intertidal zone of the Qianhu Bay, Fujian Province. Eighty-nine ancient tree stumps can be clearly recognized in the paleoforest remains. Microscopic studies of 10 relatively low-carbonized stump samples definitely showed four species： Glyptostrobus pensUi （Staunt） Kouch, Schima superba Gardn., Cinnamomum Schaeffer, and Litsea Lam. The 14^C dating of some samples yielded the ages of 42560±350 to 〉43000 a B. P., corresponding to the late Late Pleistocene.展开更多
河套盆地西缘与北缘发育一系列山前台地,台地沉积物记录了盆地环境变化。高台地沉积物记录了"吉兰泰—河套"古大湖形成过程,而低台地记录了古大湖的消退过程。盆地东部与西部低台地沉积特征不同,东部低台地由全新世冲洪积物组...河套盆地西缘与北缘发育一系列山前台地,台地沉积物记录了盆地环境变化。高台地沉积物记录了"吉兰泰—河套"古大湖形成过程,而低台地记录了古大湖的消退过程。盆地东部与西部低台地沉积特征不同,东部低台地由全新世冲洪积物组成,西部狼山山前低台地由晚更新世晚期—全新世(14 C年龄(15 260±60)a cal BP与(9 810±40)a cal BP)湖相沉积组成。低台地沉积特征及测年结果表明,1.5万年至1.0万年前后,河套盆地东部湖泊消失,而西部仍发育湖泊,古湖经历了自东向西的退却过程。古湖消退受盆地周缘断裂活动的差异性控制,1.5万年至1.0万年前后,盆地周缘断裂活动性总体上东强西弱,东部大青山山前断裂活动速率较高,大量碎屑物质进入盆地,呼和坳陷湖泊萎缩甚至消失,西部狼山山前断裂活动速率较低,进入盆地碎屑物质较少,临河坳陷大部分地区发育湖泊。展开更多
亚洲内陆荒漠化和干旱化与中国西部人类生存环境和社会可持续发展密切相关。中国西部地区的气候自晚更新世以来经历了多次冷暖、干湿变化,研究其晚更新世古气候变化,有助于预测未来气候的变化趋势。文章分析了宁夏南部清水河盆地晚更新...亚洲内陆荒漠化和干旱化与中国西部人类生存环境和社会可持续发展密切相关。中国西部地区的气候自晚更新世以来经历了多次冷暖、干湿变化,研究其晚更新世古气候变化,有助于预测未来气候的变化趋势。文章分析了宁夏南部清水河盆地晚更新世中晚期的孢粉记录,结果显示孢粉序列可从下至上划分为4个组合带,反映了该地区晚更新世中晚期植被和气候变化规律。研究表明研究区晚更新世中期(75~50 ka B.P.)是植被以蒿属为主的干草原,气候温凉偏干;晚更新世晚期(25~15 ka B.P.)由荒漠草原-干草原和疏林草原交替出现逐渐过渡到荒漠草原,该时期冬季风呈现逐渐增强的趋势,致使气候逐渐变冷变干,气候类型由温凉偏湿过渡到冷干。宁夏南部清水河盆地晚更新世中晚期孢粉记录的深入研究对于正确认识黄土高原自然环境历史演变和黄土高原治理决策的制定具有重要指导意义。展开更多
通过对苏北盆地周奋剖面沉积物进行粒度、地球化学元素比值、磁化率等指标的分析,结合年代数据,重建了苏北盆地晚更新世晚期的古气候环境演化序列。结果表明,晚更新世晚期苏北盆地的古气候环境演变经历了2个阶段:阶段Ⅰ:39.6~30.3 cal k...通过对苏北盆地周奋剖面沉积物进行粒度、地球化学元素比值、磁化率等指标的分析,结合年代数据,重建了苏北盆地晚更新世晚期的古气候环境演化序列。结果表明,晚更新世晚期苏北盆地的古气候环境演变经历了2个阶段:阶段Ⅰ:39.6~30.3 cal ka BP期间,气候整体相对湿润,同时也存在冷干波动;阶段Ⅱ:30.3~18.6 cal ka BP,气候相对比较稳定,以冷干为基本特征。苏北盆地湖相沉积物记录的晚更新世晚期的气候环境演变过程,在大趋势上与三宝/葫芦洞石笋、GISP2冰芯等记录有着很好的对应,千年尺度气候事件也能较好的响应H3、H2等冷干事件,表明苏北盆地晚更新世晚期古气候环境演化具有全球性特征,同时受太阳辐射驱动下的东亚夏季风系统影响明显。展开更多
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDA05130302)the Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. KZZD-EW-15)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41302017)
文摘During the climatic fluctuations in the late Late Pleistocene, hominins in China had experienced some significant changes and adaptations in terms of subsistence strategies. Based on the zooarchaeological analyses of the faunal remains from the Shuidougou site of North China and the Ma'anshan site of South China, the present study demonstratively indicates that the broad-spectrum diet and its closely-related resource intensification for hominins were already at their places roughly at 33–35 cal ka BP. Compared to hominins of earlier period, who would have preferentially exploited large and medium-sized ungulates, hunter-gathers at later period had otherwise incorporated more small-sized animals(especially the quick ones, such as birds and hares) into their diet. Meanwhile, hominins of the later time had also greatly accelerated extractions and exploitations of the nutritional yields from the large and medium-sized animals. However, it seems clear from the current study that there was significant difference regarding the potential mechanisms for the broad-spectrum adaptations of hominins in the late Late Pleistocene of China.
文摘The Tianyuan Cave is the only human fos-sil-bearing site containing rich mammalian fossils found in the last decades near Zhoukoudian. Up to now more than 34 specimens of the human body have been recovered, and the mammalian fossils can be put into 29 species. Cervids domi-nate the fauna, and carnivores are very rare. Based on the primary examination, the human fossils can be attributed to the species Homo sapiens. All the mammalian fossils, except one between tooth of Crocuta belong to the species that still exist today. But some of them are the first records in fossil form north of the Yellow River, such as Arctonyx and Capri-cornis. Based on the mammalian fauna study, it seems that the Tianyuan Cave can be correlated with the Upper Cave. Sixty-three percent of the species of the mammalian fauna from the Tianyuan Cave are also present in the Upper Cave. The characters of the deposits also share some similarities between the Tianyuan Cave and the Upper Cave; both of them are mainly composed of breccia without cement. The dating using the U-series method on deer tooth samples in-dicates that the geological age of the new site is around 25 thousand years B.P. This is the first discovery of human sites outside the core area of the Peking Man Site at Zhoukoudian, which throws new light onto this world famous site complex.
文摘I studied Palynology of the Late Quaternary section in Chek Lap Kok, north Lantau in Hongkong (Fig. 1), from December 1985 to March 1986. The Quaternary sequence of a borehole at Chek Lap Kok was described by Dr. Raynor Shaw. The samples studied were provided by the Civil Engineering Office of the Civil Engineering Services Department, Hongkong Government. Among the three samples (buried underground 14.24—16.79m) including relics of plant, sporo-pollen association of the mangrove plant is found. There
基金The study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 40476051）the Science Foundation of Fujian （No. D0610006）.
文摘The paleoforest remains studied are distributed within a range of 18000 m^2 in the intertidal zone of the Qianhu Bay, Fujian Province. Eighty-nine ancient tree stumps can be clearly recognized in the paleoforest remains. Microscopic studies of 10 relatively low-carbonized stump samples definitely showed four species： Glyptostrobus pensUi （Staunt） Kouch, Schima superba Gardn., Cinnamomum Schaeffer, and Litsea Lam. The 14^C dating of some samples yielded the ages of 42560±350 to 〉43000 a B. P., corresponding to the late Late Pleistocene.
文摘河套盆地西缘与北缘发育一系列山前台地,台地沉积物记录了盆地环境变化。高台地沉积物记录了"吉兰泰—河套"古大湖形成过程,而低台地记录了古大湖的消退过程。盆地东部与西部低台地沉积特征不同,东部低台地由全新世冲洪积物组成,西部狼山山前低台地由晚更新世晚期—全新世(14 C年龄(15 260±60)a cal BP与(9 810±40)a cal BP)湖相沉积组成。低台地沉积特征及测年结果表明,1.5万年至1.0万年前后,河套盆地东部湖泊消失,而西部仍发育湖泊,古湖经历了自东向西的退却过程。古湖消退受盆地周缘断裂活动的差异性控制,1.5万年至1.0万年前后,盆地周缘断裂活动性总体上东强西弱,东部大青山山前断裂活动速率较高,大量碎屑物质进入盆地,呼和坳陷湖泊萎缩甚至消失,西部狼山山前断裂活动速率较低,进入盆地碎屑物质较少,临河坳陷大部分地区发育湖泊。
文摘亚洲内陆荒漠化和干旱化与中国西部人类生存环境和社会可持续发展密切相关。中国西部地区的气候自晚更新世以来经历了多次冷暖、干湿变化,研究其晚更新世古气候变化,有助于预测未来气候的变化趋势。文章分析了宁夏南部清水河盆地晚更新世中晚期的孢粉记录,结果显示孢粉序列可从下至上划分为4个组合带,反映了该地区晚更新世中晚期植被和气候变化规律。研究表明研究区晚更新世中期(75~50 ka B.P.)是植被以蒿属为主的干草原,气候温凉偏干;晚更新世晚期(25~15 ka B.P.)由荒漠草原-干草原和疏林草原交替出现逐渐过渡到荒漠草原,该时期冬季风呈现逐渐增强的趋势,致使气候逐渐变冷变干,气候类型由温凉偏湿过渡到冷干。宁夏南部清水河盆地晚更新世中晚期孢粉记录的深入研究对于正确认识黄土高原自然环境历史演变和黄土高原治理决策的制定具有重要指导意义。
文摘通过对苏北盆地周奋剖面沉积物进行粒度、地球化学元素比值、磁化率等指标的分析,结合年代数据,重建了苏北盆地晚更新世晚期的古气候环境演化序列。结果表明,晚更新世晚期苏北盆地的古气候环境演变经历了2个阶段:阶段Ⅰ:39.6~30.3 cal ka BP期间,气候整体相对湿润,同时也存在冷干波动;阶段Ⅱ:30.3~18.6 cal ka BP,气候相对比较稳定,以冷干为基本特征。苏北盆地湖相沉积物记录的晚更新世晚期的气候环境演变过程,在大趋势上与三宝/葫芦洞石笋、GISP2冰芯等记录有着很好的对应,千年尺度气候事件也能较好的响应H3、H2等冷干事件,表明苏北盆地晚更新世晚期古气候环境演化具有全球性特征,同时受太阳辐射驱动下的东亚夏季风系统影响明显。
