Loess landslides are one of the most serious geological disasters in the Chinese Loess Plateau.Research has revealed that earthquake,rainfall,and human activities are common triggers for loess landslides.In order to s...Loess landslides are one of the most serious geological disasters in the Chinese Loess Plateau.Research has revealed that earthquake,rainfall,and human activities are common triggers for loess landslides.In order to study the relationship and characteristics of these landslides triggered by different factors,the paper uses historic landslide data to expound the basic motion indices of landslides triggered by different factors.More than half of loess landslides occurred on concave surface slopes,while nearly 40%of the loess landslides occurred on convex surface slopes.Human activities have a great effect on the occurrence of landslides,and the distribution density of landslides on residential land was almost five times that of bare land.Additionally,earthquakeinduced loess landslides had the largest sliding volume,whereas the excavation-induced loess landslide had the smallest sliding volume.The sliding volume of irrigation-induced and rainfall-induced loess landslides were between earthquake-induced loess landslides and excavation-induced loess landslide.Many of loess landslides were induced by a combination of these factors,such as rainfall and excavation,irrigation and excavation.Then a model that described the impact of these factors on the loess landslides was proposed.展开更多
The increasing impact of disasters at local,national,regional and global scales in recent decades has provided enough evidence to urgently direct attention towards the necessity of disaster risk reduction and manageme...The increasing impact of disasters at local,national,regional and global scales in recent decades has provided enough evidence to urgently direct attention towards the necessity of disaster risk reduction and management,and this requires knowledge.Knowledge without communication is barren,and to communicate the risk of disaster it is necessary to understand the perception of the people at risk.In particular,this paper deals with the necessity to delineate strategies of risk communication in pursuance of risk knowledge as a core of disaster risk reduction and management,especially in mountain areas of developing countries.To portray this issue,an analysis of landslide risk perception in terms of experience,landslide risk awareness,exposure,preparedness,and risk communication and trust was undertaken in the municipality of Teziutlán,Puebla,Mexico,an area that has been affected for several decades by episodes of mass movement.Analysis of the responses to a risk perception questionnaire has offered valuable insights in terms of the information and knowledge most required by the people living in the area of interest,in order to devise a realistic and functional strategy to communicate the risk of a landslide disaster.This includes better understanding of controlling factorsand drivers of this risk,and the establishment of potential trusted sources of risk communication.Beyond considering practical matters of risk assessment and management,risk perception and communication can increase the resilience of vulnerable people,and can enhance capacity building for present and future generations.展开更多
On a global scale,from 2005 to 2019,there were 275 high-magnitude,low-frequency disasters that involved 14,172 fatalities and four million affected people.Similar patterns have taken place during longer periods of tim...On a global scale,from 2005 to 2019,there were 275 high-magnitude,low-frequency disasters that involved 14,172 fatalities and four million affected people.Similar patterns have taken place during longer periods of time in recent decades.This paper aims to analyse the contribution of the international landslide research community to disaster risk reduction and disaster risk management in reference to the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs)in a literature review.The first section notes the relevance of disaster risk research contributions for the implementation of initiatives and strategies concerning disaster risk management.The second section highlights background information and current applications of drones in the field of hazards and risk.The methodology,which included a systematic peer review of journals in the ISI Web of Science and SCOPUS,was presented in the third section,where the results include analyses of the considered data.This study concludes that most current scholarly efforts remain rooted in hazards and post-disaster evaluation and response.Future landslide disaster risk research should be transdisciplinary in order to strengthen participation of the various relevant stakeholders in contributing to integrated disaster risk management at local,subnational,national,regional and global levels.展开更多
The dynamic effect is a very important issue widely debated by scholars when studying the genetic and disaster-causing mechanisms of earthquake-triggered landslides.First,the dynamic effect mechanism and phenomena of ...The dynamic effect is a very important issue widely debated by scholars when studying the genetic and disaster-causing mechanisms of earthquake-triggered landslides.First,the dynamic effect mechanism and phenomena of earthquake-triggered landslides were summarized in this paper.Then,the primary types of dynamic effects were further used to interpret the Mogangling landslide in Moxi Town of Luding County,China.A field investigation,remote sensing,numerical calculation and theoretical analysis were carried out to illustrate the failure mechanism of slope rock masses affected by earthquakes.The interaction between seismic waves and slope rock masses and the induced dynamic effect of slope rock masses were primarily accounted for in the analysis.The slope topography,rock mass weathering and unloading characteristics,river erosion,regional seismogenic structure,and rock mass structure characteristics were also discussed.The results showed that the formation of the Mogangling landslide was mainly related to the high amplification effect of seismic acceleration and back slope effects,interface dynamic stress effects,and double-sided slope effects of seismic waves caused by the catastrophic Ms 7.75 Moxi Earthquake in 1786.The principles for the site and route selection of large-scale infrastructure in the planning stage and the scientific prevention of seismic geological disasters were proposed on the basis of the dynamic effect of earthquake-induced landslides.展开更多
Machine learning is currently one of the research hotspots in the field of landslide prediction.To clarify and evaluate the differences in characteristics and prediction effects of different machine learning models,Co...Machine learning is currently one of the research hotspots in the field of landslide prediction.To clarify and evaluate the differences in characteristics and prediction effects of different machine learning models,Conghua District,which is the most prone to landslide disasters in Guangzhou,was selected for landslide susceptibility evaluation.The evaluation factors were selected by using correlation analysis and variance expansion factor method.Applying four machine learning methods namely Logistic Regression(LR),Random Forest(RF),Support Vector Machines(SVM),and Extreme Gradient Boosting(XGB),landslide models were constructed.Comparative analysis and evaluation of the model were conducted through statistical indices and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves.The results showed that LR,RF,SVM,and XGB models have good predictive performance for landslide susceptibility,with the area under curve(AUC)values of 0.752,0.965,0.996,and 0.998,respectively.XGB model had the highest predictive ability,followed by RF model,SVM model,and LR model.The frequency ratio(FR)accuracy of LR,RF,SVM,and XGB models was 0.775,0.842,0.759,and 0.822,respectively.RF and XGB models were superior to LR and SVM models,indicating that the integrated algorithm has better predictive ability than a single classification algorithm in regional landslide classification problems.展开更多
基金This work was financially supported by the Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(41807234,42090053,41790441,42107198,42041006,41902300,41672255,300102269203,300102261401)supported by the CRSRI Open Research Program(Program SN:CKWV2021873/KY).
文摘Loess landslides are one of the most serious geological disasters in the Chinese Loess Plateau.Research has revealed that earthquake,rainfall,and human activities are common triggers for loess landslides.In order to study the relationship and characteristics of these landslides triggered by different factors,the paper uses historic landslide data to expound the basic motion indices of landslides triggered by different factors.More than half of loess landslides occurred on concave surface slopes,while nearly 40%of the loess landslides occurred on convex surface slopes.Human activities have a great effect on the occurrence of landslides,and the distribution density of landslides on residential land was almost five times that of bare land.Additionally,earthquakeinduced loess landslides had the largest sliding volume,whereas the excavation-induced loess landslide had the smallest sliding volume.The sliding volume of irrigation-induced and rainfall-induced loess landslides were between earthquake-induced loess landslides and excavation-induced loess landslide.Many of loess landslides were induced by a combination of these factors,such as rainfall and excavation,irrigation and excavation.Then a model that described the impact of these factors on the loess landslides was proposed.
基金the financial support provided by CONACyT through the research project 156242
文摘The increasing impact of disasters at local,national,regional and global scales in recent decades has provided enough evidence to urgently direct attention towards the necessity of disaster risk reduction and management,and this requires knowledge.Knowledge without communication is barren,and to communicate the risk of disaster it is necessary to understand the perception of the people at risk.In particular,this paper deals with the necessity to delineate strategies of risk communication in pursuance of risk knowledge as a core of disaster risk reduction and management,especially in mountain areas of developing countries.To portray this issue,an analysis of landslide risk perception in terms of experience,landslide risk awareness,exposure,preparedness,and risk communication and trust was undertaken in the municipality of Teziutlán,Puebla,Mexico,an area that has been affected for several decades by episodes of mass movement.Analysis of the responses to a risk perception questionnaire has offered valuable insights in terms of the information and knowledge most required by the people living in the area of interest,in order to devise a realistic and functional strategy to communicate the risk of a landslide disaster.This includes better understanding of controlling factorsand drivers of this risk,and the establishment of potential trusted sources of risk communication.Beyond considering practical matters of risk assessment and management,risk perception and communication can increase the resilience of vulnerable people,and can enhance capacity building for present and future generations.
基金carried out within the framework of the PAPIIT project IN300818,sponsored by DGAPA-UNAM。
文摘On a global scale,from 2005 to 2019,there were 275 high-magnitude,low-frequency disasters that involved 14,172 fatalities and four million affected people.Similar patterns have taken place during longer periods of time in recent decades.This paper aims to analyse the contribution of the international landslide research community to disaster risk reduction and disaster risk management in reference to the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs)in a literature review.The first section notes the relevance of disaster risk research contributions for the implementation of initiatives and strategies concerning disaster risk management.The second section highlights background information and current applications of drones in the field of hazards and risk.The methodology,which included a systematic peer review of journals in the ISI Web of Science and SCOPUS,was presented in the third section,where the results include analyses of the considered data.This study concludes that most current scholarly efforts remain rooted in hazards and post-disaster evaluation and response.Future landslide disaster risk research should be transdisciplinary in order to strengthen participation of the various relevant stakeholders in contributing to integrated disaster risk management at local,subnational,national,regional and global levels.
基金supported by the China Geological Survey Projects(Nos.20160272,20211379)the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program(No.2019QZKK0904)。
文摘The dynamic effect is a very important issue widely debated by scholars when studying the genetic and disaster-causing mechanisms of earthquake-triggered landslides.First,the dynamic effect mechanism and phenomena of earthquake-triggered landslides were summarized in this paper.Then,the primary types of dynamic effects were further used to interpret the Mogangling landslide in Moxi Town of Luding County,China.A field investigation,remote sensing,numerical calculation and theoretical analysis were carried out to illustrate the failure mechanism of slope rock masses affected by earthquakes.The interaction between seismic waves and slope rock masses and the induced dynamic effect of slope rock masses were primarily accounted for in the analysis.The slope topography,rock mass weathering and unloading characteristics,river erosion,regional seismogenic structure,and rock mass structure characteristics were also discussed.The results showed that the formation of the Mogangling landslide was mainly related to the high amplification effect of seismic acceleration and back slope effects,interface dynamic stress effects,and double-sided slope effects of seismic waves caused by the catastrophic Ms 7.75 Moxi Earthquake in 1786.The principles for the site and route selection of large-scale infrastructure in the planning stage and the scientific prevention of seismic geological disasters were proposed on the basis of the dynamic effect of earthquake-induced landslides.
基金supported by the projects of the China Geological Survey(DD20221729,DD20190291)Zhuhai Urban Geological Survey(including informatization)(MZCD–2201–008).
文摘Machine learning is currently one of the research hotspots in the field of landslide prediction.To clarify and evaluate the differences in characteristics and prediction effects of different machine learning models,Conghua District,which is the most prone to landslide disasters in Guangzhou,was selected for landslide susceptibility evaluation.The evaluation factors were selected by using correlation analysis and variance expansion factor method.Applying four machine learning methods namely Logistic Regression(LR),Random Forest(RF),Support Vector Machines(SVM),and Extreme Gradient Boosting(XGB),landslide models were constructed.Comparative analysis and evaluation of the model were conducted through statistical indices and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves.The results showed that LR,RF,SVM,and XGB models have good predictive performance for landslide susceptibility,with the area under curve(AUC)values of 0.752,0.965,0.996,and 0.998,respectively.XGB model had the highest predictive ability,followed by RF model,SVM model,and LR model.The frequency ratio(FR)accuracy of LR,RF,SVM,and XGB models was 0.775,0.842,0.759,and 0.822,respectively.RF and XGB models were superior to LR and SVM models,indicating that the integrated algorithm has better predictive ability than a single classification algorithm in regional landslide classification problems.
