随着国内外市场经济的发展和人民生活水平的提高,柿(Diospyros kaki L.)作为绿色功能保健型果品,其社会需求量日益增大。因此,了解柿果实脱涩机理及其易软化、难贮藏特征,对其脱涩、贮藏保鲜技术进行研究显得尤为必要。综述了柿果实脱...随着国内外市场经济的发展和人民生活水平的提高,柿(Diospyros kaki L.)作为绿色功能保健型果品,其社会需求量日益增大。因此,了解柿果实脱涩机理及其易软化、难贮藏特征,对其脱涩、贮藏保鲜技术进行研究显得尤为必要。综述了柿果实脱涩机理及方法、贮藏保鲜技术相关研究报道,并根据研究现状展望了未来的发展方向和趋势。展开更多
The regulation of postharvest treatment with propylene and 1-MCP on ethylene release rate and expressions of 1- aminocyclopropane-l-carboxylic acid synthase （ACS） and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase （...The regulation of postharvest treatment with propylene and 1-MCP on ethylene release rate and expressions of 1- aminocyclopropane-l-carboxylic acid synthase （ACS） and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase （ACO） genes in Fuping Janshi persimmon （Diospyros kaki L.） fruit were investigated. Fruits were treated with propylene and 1-MCP, then stored at 20℃, ethylene release rate of the treated fruits was measured at regular intervals and RNA was extracted for Northern blotting analysis. The results suggested that treatment with propylene accelerated the expressions of ACS and ACO genes and then enhanced the ethylene biosynthesis, while treatment with 1-MCP inhibited the expressions of two genes and their ethylene biosynthesis. Furthermore, different effects on expressions caused by treatments with propylene and 1-MCP existed in various fruit tissues, the inhibitory effect on ACS and ACO genes by 1-MCP was the strongest in pericarp, followed by pulp and core tissues, in the area near fruit stalk, the inhibitory effect was the weakest. While the enhanced effect on ACS and ACO genes by propylene increased from pulp, core, and pericarp to the area near fruit stalk. Expression of each member of ACS and ACO families in various tissues was also completely different, in control and propylene treatment, DKACS3 gene just expressed in the area near fruit stalk and did not express in other tissues, but DKACS2 gene expressed in four tissues by treatment with propylene.展开更多
为了确定罗田甜柿(Diospyros kaki Thunb.)成熟果实中总三萜含量和提取条件,以湖北省罗田县的罗田甜柿果实为试材,从不同的溶剂、乙醇体积分数、提取时间、温度、料液比、提取次数来确定提取罗田甜柿成熟果实中总三萜的最佳条件,结果表...为了确定罗田甜柿(Diospyros kaki Thunb.)成熟果实中总三萜含量和提取条件,以湖北省罗田县的罗田甜柿果实为试材,从不同的溶剂、乙醇体积分数、提取时间、温度、料液比、提取次数来确定提取罗田甜柿成熟果实中总三萜的最佳条件,结果表明,通过单因素试验确定提取条件为70%乙醇作为溶剂,提取时间3 h,温度85℃,料液比1∶11(m∶V,g∶m L),提取2次,总三萜提取量最高可达51.13 mg/100 g(FW)。展开更多
Objective In order to analyze the active components in the extracts from Kaki Folium(KF),quantitative metabolomics approach was adopted to investigate the number of active components existing among the different extra...Objective In order to analyze the active components in the extracts from Kaki Folium(KF),quantitative metabolomics approach was adopted to investigate the number of active components existing among the different extracts and their variation.Methods LC-MS method was established for the quantitative determination of the active components taking the mixture with reference substance as tested sample.Results In terms of the number of active components and amount presented in the different tested samples of KF extracted by many types of solvents,variation was observed.But rutin,astragalin,and kaempferol were presented in all samples.Difference was found between the samples extracted from the products on market and from the raw materials of KF processed by polar solvents with different recipes.However,the three active components were found in all samples examined.Conclusion These results might be valuable as all information and could be used for the optimization of raw materials extraction procedure to enhance the productivity.展开更多
Proanthocyanidins(PAs) are specialized metabolites that infuence persimmon fruit quality.Normal astringent(A)-type and non-astringent(NA)-type mutants show significant variation in PA accumulation, but the infuencing ...Proanthocyanidins(PAs) are specialized metabolites that infuence persimmon fruit quality.Normal astringent(A)-type and non-astringent(NA)-type mutants show significant variation in PA accumulation, but the infuencing mechanism remains unclear. In this study, among the six identified DTXs/MATEs proteins associated with PA accumulation, we observed that allelic variation and preferential transport by Dk DTX5/MATE5 induced variation in PA accumulation for A-type and NA-type fruit. The expression pattern of Dk DTX5/MATE5 was correlated with PA accumulation in NA-type fruit. Upregulation and downregulation of Dk DTX5/MATE5 promoted and inhibited PA accumulation, respectively, in the NA-type fruit. Interestingly, transporter assays of Xenopus laevis oocytes indicated that Dk DTX5/MATE5 preferentially transported the PA precursors catechin, epicatechin, and epicatechin gallate, resulting in their increased ratios relative to the total PAs, which was the main source of variation in PA accumulation between the A-type and NA-type. The allele lacking Ser-84 in Dk DTX5/MATE5 was identified as a dominantly expressed gene in the A-type and lost its transport function. Site-directed mutagenesis revealed that Dk DTX5/MATE5 binds to PA precursors via Ser-84. These findings clarify the association between the transporter function of Dk DTX5/MATE5 and PA variation, and can contribute to the breeding of new cultivars with improved fruit quality.展开更多
以宝华甜柿(Diospyros kaki c.v.‘Baohuatianshi’)为材料,在对试验材料进行热激处理后,检测了活性氧代谢相关生理指标的变化情况。结果表明,经过热激处理后,与对照相比,外植体内超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活力出现了提高,...以宝华甜柿(Diospyros kaki c.v.‘Baohuatianshi’)为材料,在对试验材料进行热激处理后,检测了活性氧代谢相关生理指标的变化情况。结果表明,经过热激处理后,与对照相比,外植体内超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活力出现了提高,丙二醛(MDA)和过氧化氢(H2O2)的含量则有所降低。说明热激处理能够降低活性氧含量,保护了细胞膜结构的完整性,抑制了褐变发生。展开更多
柿树（Diospyros kaki Thunb.）是传统的乡土树种,既可美化环境,又有一定的经济效益,是一种优良的园林绿化树种。本文分析了柿树的观赏特性,归纳了柿树在园林景观中的配置方式及景观效果。结合当前的应用现状,总结柿树在园林应用上存在...柿树（Diospyros kaki Thunb.）是传统的乡土树种,既可美化环境,又有一定的经济效益,是一种优良的园林绿化树种。本文分析了柿树的观赏特性,归纳了柿树在园林景观中的配置方式及景观效果。结合当前的应用现状,总结柿树在园林应用上存在的问题,给出了综合利用的建议,并对其应用前景进行了展望。展开更多
Objective:To explore the effect of Diospyros kaki on cattle spermatozoa during chilling and cryopreservation.Methods: Five milliliter of blended Persimmon (Diospyros kaki) flesh was added to 45 mL TCF to obtain 10% st...Objective:To explore the effect of Diospyros kaki on cattle spermatozoa during chilling and cryopreservation.Methods: Five milliliter of blended Persimmon (Diospyros kaki) flesh was added to 45 mL TCF to obtain 10% stock solution. Kaki enriched extender (KEE) was prepared by adding to TCF in concentrations 0.0/5.0 mL (control, 0%), 0.5/4.5 mL (1%), 1/4 mL (2%), 1.5/3.5 mL (3%), 2.0/3.0 mL (4%), 2.5/2.5 mL (5%), 3.0/2.0 mL (6%), 3.5/1.5 mL (7%), 4.0/1.0 mL (8%), 4.5/0.5 mL (9%) and 5.0/0.0 mL (10%) to obtain a final volume 5 mL in each tube. Whole egg yolk was added to each tube to obtain KEE with 20% egg yolk (KEEY), all tubes were centrifuged to get rid of debris. Semen was added to the supernatants in other tubes. Extended semen was subjected to evaluation (motility, alive sperm and intact sperm membrane (HOST) %) in both chilled and cryopreserved semen. Conception rate was carried out.Results:Sperm motility was significantly (P<0.0001) kept high after 11 d of chilling with the concentration 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5% as compared to the control (41.67±1.67, 41.67±1.67, 40.00±0.00, 41.67±1.67 and 41.67±1.67, respectively) and also non-significantly kept high at the other concentrations up to 9 d of chilling. Addition of KEE had significantly (P<0.0033) improved post thawing sperm motility % with the concentrations 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6% as compared to the control (51.67±5.27, 55.00±3.16, 48.33±1.05, 45.00±3.96, 57.00±2.50, 55.00±5.00 and 43.33±5.11 respectively).While the other concentrations exhibit no effect. Addition of KEE maintained alive sperm%, abnormalities% and % of intact spermatozoa membranes (HOST %) as good as the control with all concentrations of kaki used in our study. The conception rate upon using frozen semen in insemination showed higher conception rate in concentrations of 2%, 4% and 6 % KEE in cattle.Conclusion: It could be concluded that some concentrations ofDiospyros kaki improved bull semen quality post-chilling and post-freezing.展开更多
文摘随着国内外市场经济的发展和人民生活水平的提高,柿(Diospyros kaki L.)作为绿色功能保健型果品,其社会需求量日益增大。因此,了解柿果实脱涩机理及其易软化、难贮藏特征,对其脱涩、贮藏保鲜技术进行研究显得尤为必要。综述了柿果实脱涩机理及方法、贮藏保鲜技术相关研究报道,并根据研究现状展望了未来的发展方向和趋势。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30170662, 30771756)
文摘The regulation of postharvest treatment with propylene and 1-MCP on ethylene release rate and expressions of 1- aminocyclopropane-l-carboxylic acid synthase （ACS） and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase （ACO） genes in Fuping Janshi persimmon （Diospyros kaki L.） fruit were investigated. Fruits were treated with propylene and 1-MCP, then stored at 20℃, ethylene release rate of the treated fruits was measured at regular intervals and RNA was extracted for Northern blotting analysis. The results suggested that treatment with propylene accelerated the expressions of ACS and ACO genes and then enhanced the ethylene biosynthesis, while treatment with 1-MCP inhibited the expressions of two genes and their ethylene biosynthesis. Furthermore, different effects on expressions caused by treatments with propylene and 1-MCP existed in various fruit tissues, the inhibitory effect on ACS and ACO genes by 1-MCP was the strongest in pericarp, followed by pulp and core tissues, in the area near fruit stalk, the inhibitory effect was the weakest. While the enhanced effect on ACS and ACO genes by propylene increased from pulp, core, and pericarp to the area near fruit stalk. Expression of each member of ACS and ACO families in various tissues was also completely different, in control and propylene treatment, DKACS3 gene just expressed in the area near fruit stalk and did not express in other tissues, but DKACS2 gene expressed in four tissues by treatment with propylene.
基金National Basic Research Plan (973 Plan) Foundation of China (2010CB735602)National Innovation Plan for New Drugs (2011ZX09304-002)
文摘Objective In order to analyze the active components in the extracts from Kaki Folium(KF),quantitative metabolomics approach was adopted to investigate the number of active components existing among the different extracts and their variation.Methods LC-MS method was established for the quantitative determination of the active components taking the mixture with reference substance as tested sample.Results In terms of the number of active components and amount presented in the different tested samples of KF extracted by many types of solvents,variation was observed.But rutin,astragalin,and kaempferol were presented in all samples.Difference was found between the samples extracted from the products on market and from the raw materials of KF processed by polar solvents with different recipes.However,the three active components were found in all samples examined.Conclusion These results might be valuable as all information and could be used for the optimization of raw materials extraction procedure to enhance the productivity.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2019YFD1000600)。
文摘Proanthocyanidins(PAs) are specialized metabolites that infuence persimmon fruit quality.Normal astringent(A)-type and non-astringent(NA)-type mutants show significant variation in PA accumulation, but the infuencing mechanism remains unclear. In this study, among the six identified DTXs/MATEs proteins associated with PA accumulation, we observed that allelic variation and preferential transport by Dk DTX5/MATE5 induced variation in PA accumulation for A-type and NA-type fruit. The expression pattern of Dk DTX5/MATE5 was correlated with PA accumulation in NA-type fruit. Upregulation and downregulation of Dk DTX5/MATE5 promoted and inhibited PA accumulation, respectively, in the NA-type fruit. Interestingly, transporter assays of Xenopus laevis oocytes indicated that Dk DTX5/MATE5 preferentially transported the PA precursors catechin, epicatechin, and epicatechin gallate, resulting in their increased ratios relative to the total PAs, which was the main source of variation in PA accumulation between the A-type and NA-type. The allele lacking Ser-84 in Dk DTX5/MATE5 was identified as a dominantly expressed gene in the A-type and lost its transport function. Site-directed mutagenesis revealed that Dk DTX5/MATE5 binds to PA precursors via Ser-84. These findings clarify the association between the transporter function of Dk DTX5/MATE5 and PA variation, and can contribute to the breeding of new cultivars with improved fruit quality.
文摘以宝华甜柿(Diospyros kaki c.v.‘Baohuatianshi’)为材料,在对试验材料进行热激处理后,检测了活性氧代谢相关生理指标的变化情况。结果表明,经过热激处理后,与对照相比,外植体内超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活力出现了提高,丙二醛(MDA)和过氧化氢(H2O2)的含量则有所降低。说明热激处理能够降低活性氧含量,保护了细胞膜结构的完整性,抑制了褐变发生。
文摘柿树（Diospyros kaki Thunb.）是传统的乡土树种,既可美化环境,又有一定的经济效益,是一种优良的园林绿化树种。本文分析了柿树的观赏特性,归纳了柿树在园林景观中的配置方式及景观效果。结合当前的应用现状,总结柿树在园林应用上存在的问题,给出了综合利用的建议,并对其应用前景进行了展望。
文摘Objective:To explore the effect of Diospyros kaki on cattle spermatozoa during chilling and cryopreservation.Methods: Five milliliter of blended Persimmon (Diospyros kaki) flesh was added to 45 mL TCF to obtain 10% stock solution. Kaki enriched extender (KEE) was prepared by adding to TCF in concentrations 0.0/5.0 mL (control, 0%), 0.5/4.5 mL (1%), 1/4 mL (2%), 1.5/3.5 mL (3%), 2.0/3.0 mL (4%), 2.5/2.5 mL (5%), 3.0/2.0 mL (6%), 3.5/1.5 mL (7%), 4.0/1.0 mL (8%), 4.5/0.5 mL (9%) and 5.0/0.0 mL (10%) to obtain a final volume 5 mL in each tube. Whole egg yolk was added to each tube to obtain KEE with 20% egg yolk (KEEY), all tubes were centrifuged to get rid of debris. Semen was added to the supernatants in other tubes. Extended semen was subjected to evaluation (motility, alive sperm and intact sperm membrane (HOST) %) in both chilled and cryopreserved semen. Conception rate was carried out.Results:Sperm motility was significantly (P<0.0001) kept high after 11 d of chilling with the concentration 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5% as compared to the control (41.67±1.67, 41.67±1.67, 40.00±0.00, 41.67±1.67 and 41.67±1.67, respectively) and also non-significantly kept high at the other concentrations up to 9 d of chilling. Addition of KEE had significantly (P<0.0033) improved post thawing sperm motility % with the concentrations 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6% as compared to the control (51.67±5.27, 55.00±3.16, 48.33±1.05, 45.00±3.96, 57.00±2.50, 55.00±5.00 and 43.33±5.11 respectively).While the other concentrations exhibit no effect. Addition of KEE maintained alive sperm%, abnormalities% and % of intact spermatozoa membranes (HOST %) as good as the control with all concentrations of kaki used in our study. The conception rate upon using frozen semen in insemination showed higher conception rate in concentrations of 2%, 4% and 6 % KEE in cattle.Conclusion: It could be concluded that some concentrations ofDiospyros kaki improved bull semen quality post-chilling and post-freezing.
