The cultivated area of jujube in Xinjiang has increased rapidly in recent years.While the jujube harvest by hand has the shortage of high labor intensity,low efficiency and high labor cost,in addition,the harvesting m...The cultivated area of jujube in Xinjiang has increased rapidly in recent years.While the jujube harvest by hand has the shortage of high labor intensity,low efficiency and high labor cost,in addition,the harvesting machinery applying to dwarf and dense planting mode of jujubes is unavailable in Xinjiang.The 4ZZ-4A2 based on the full-hydraulic self-propelled jujube harvester was designed to solve the above problems.The harvester was mainly composed of a frame,a vibrating device,a jujube collecting and conveying device,an air separation device,a steering system,a hydraulic system and a jujube suction device and was capable of completing vibration,collection,conveying,cleaning and sundries removal work of jujubes through one step.The jujubes dropped on the ground were picked up at the same time.The AMESim simulation software was adopted to perform simulation analysis on the overall hydraulic system.The results showed that the speed of the vibrating motor was stable at about 650 r/min(the corresponding vibration frequency is 10.83 Hz)with the torque of 80 N·m,the speed of the conveyor motor was stable at 77 r/min with the torque of 77 N·m;the speed of the fan motor was stable at 54 r/min with the torque of 53.6 N·m;the speed of the walking motor fluctuated around 100 r/min with the torque of about 1000 N·m;the hydraulic steering system responded rapidly and could satisfy the actual working requirements of the jujube harvester.The jujube garden test results showed that the harvester could reach to the optimum harvesting effect when running at the speed of 0.5 m/s.Under such speed,the ground jujube picking rate was 45.1%,the tree jujube harvesting rate was 93.2%,the loss rate was 2.9%,and the damage rate was 0.9%.This study can provide theoretical basis and technical support for the jujube harvester.展开更多
Flue gas desulfurization gypsum and clover planting alleviated the soil salinization stress.Soil pH and total phosphorus affected the bacterial communi-ties.Total phosphorus affected the fungal communities.Flue gas de...Flue gas desulfurization gypsum and clover planting alleviated the soil salinization stress.Soil pH and total phosphorus affected the bacterial communi-ties.Total phosphorus affected the fungal communities.Flue gas desulfurization gypsum and clover planting improved jujube quality.The coastal area of Shandong Province,characterized by coastal saline tidal soil,is one of the main production areas of winter jujube in China.However,the low soil fertility and poor soil structure in jujube orchard restricted the development of the jujube industry.The objectives of this study were to 1)evaluate the effect of application of flue gas desulfurization(FGD)gypsum and clover planting on soil quality improvement and soil microbial community structure of jujube orchard;2)investigate the effects of two measures on the nutrition and quality of winter jujube.The results showed that FGD gypsum reduced the soil total salt content by 65.6%,and clover planting increased the soil organic matter content by 30.7%,which effectively alleviated the soil salinization stress and improved the soil structure.Soil pH and total phosphorus(TP)were the main determinants influencing bacterial community composition,and TP was the dominant factor of the fungal community composition in the saline-alkali soils.Meanwhile,FGD gypsum addition and clover planting significantly increased the sugar degree and Vc content of winter jujube,thus improved jujube quality,and further contributed to the ecological sustainable development of winter jujube industry.展开更多
基金Thanks the National Natural Science Foundation of China-Based on Self-excited Vibration and Force Compensation Theory Jujube Vibration Recovery Mechanism Research(51365049)National Key Research and Development Plan-Jujube Harvesting Technical Equipment and Development(2016YFD0701504)for supporting the project,and Xinjiang Production&Construction Corps major scientific research projects:The optimization and pilot test of self-propelled harvester of dwarf and close planting jujube(2013AA001-3).
文摘The cultivated area of jujube in Xinjiang has increased rapidly in recent years.While the jujube harvest by hand has the shortage of high labor intensity,low efficiency and high labor cost,in addition,the harvesting machinery applying to dwarf and dense planting mode of jujubes is unavailable in Xinjiang.The 4ZZ-4A2 based on the full-hydraulic self-propelled jujube harvester was designed to solve the above problems.The harvester was mainly composed of a frame,a vibrating device,a jujube collecting and conveying device,an air separation device,a steering system,a hydraulic system and a jujube suction device and was capable of completing vibration,collection,conveying,cleaning and sundries removal work of jujubes through one step.The jujubes dropped on the ground were picked up at the same time.The AMESim simulation software was adopted to perform simulation analysis on the overall hydraulic system.The results showed that the speed of the vibrating motor was stable at about 650 r/min(the corresponding vibration frequency is 10.83 Hz)with the torque of 80 N·m,the speed of the conveyor motor was stable at 77 r/min with the torque of 77 N·m;the speed of the fan motor was stable at 54 r/min with the torque of 53.6 N·m;the speed of the walking motor fluctuated around 100 r/min with the torque of about 1000 N·m;the hydraulic steering system responded rapidly and could satisfy the actual working requirements of the jujube harvester.The jujube garden test results showed that the harvester could reach to the optimum harvesting effect when running at the speed of 0.5 m/s.Under such speed,the ground jujube picking rate was 45.1%,the tree jujube harvesting rate was 93.2%,the loss rate was 2.9%,and the damage rate was 0.9%.This study can provide theoretical basis and technical support for the jujube harvester.
基金supported by the Forestry Science and Technology Innovation Project of Shandong Province(grant number 2019LY009)the National Key Basic Research Program of China(grant number2021YFD190090101).
文摘Flue gas desulfurization gypsum and clover planting alleviated the soil salinization stress.Soil pH and total phosphorus affected the bacterial communi-ties.Total phosphorus affected the fungal communities.Flue gas desulfurization gypsum and clover planting improved jujube quality.The coastal area of Shandong Province,characterized by coastal saline tidal soil,is one of the main production areas of winter jujube in China.However,the low soil fertility and poor soil structure in jujube orchard restricted the development of the jujube industry.The objectives of this study were to 1)evaluate the effect of application of flue gas desulfurization(FGD)gypsum and clover planting on soil quality improvement and soil microbial community structure of jujube orchard;2)investigate the effects of two measures on the nutrition and quality of winter jujube.The results showed that FGD gypsum reduced the soil total salt content by 65.6%,and clover planting increased the soil organic matter content by 30.7%,which effectively alleviated the soil salinization stress and improved the soil structure.Soil pH and total phosphorus(TP)were the main determinants influencing bacterial community composition,and TP was the dominant factor of the fungal community composition in the saline-alkali soils.Meanwhile,FGD gypsum addition and clover planting significantly increased the sugar degree and Vc content of winter jujube,thus improved jujube quality,and further contributed to the ecological sustainable development of winter jujube industry.
