The distribution and ultrastructure of pigment cells in skins of normal and albino adult turbots were examined with transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. Three types of pigment cells of melanophore, iridophore and...The distribution and ultrastructure of pigment cells in skins of normal and albino adult turbots were examined with transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. Three types of pigment cells of melanophore, iridophore and xanthophore have been recognized in adult turbot skins. The skin color depends mainly on the amount and distribution of melanophore and iridophore, as xanthophore is quite rare. No pigment cells can be found in the epidermis of the skins. In the pigmented ocular skin of the turbot, melanophore and iridophore are usually co-localized in the dermis. This is quite different from the distribution in larvae skin. In albino and white blind skins of adult turbots, however, only iridophore monolayer still exists, while the melanophore monolayer disappears. This cytological evidence explains why the albino adult turbot, unlike its larvae, could never resume its body color no matter what enviroumental and nutritional conditions were provided. Endocytosis is quite active in the cellular membrane of the iridophore. This might be related to the formation of reflective platelet and stability of the iridophore.展开更多
Histological development of Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus larval skin and ultrastructural difference of skin between reared normal and malpigmented Japanese flounder were studied with light microscopy (LM) ...Histological development of Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus larval skin and ultrastructural difference of skin between reared normal and malpigmented Japanese flounder were studied with light microscopy (LM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results show that the skin develops slowly before the metamorphosis, while at the onset of metamorphosis, the skin develops quickly and becomes complete in structure till about 50 d after being hatched. Ultrastructural observation on the normal and malpigmented skins shows that the iridophore and melanophore are adjacent to each other. Profile and structure of the two kinds of pigment cells are more complete in the skin of normal ocular side than in the skin of pigmented blind side. The ultrastructure of typical chloride cell was observed in the skin of Japanese flounder larvae for the first time.展开更多
采用冰冻切片和常规苏木精—伊红染色切片,在光学显微镜下观察了体质量500 g 1龄翘嘴鳜皮肤、鳞片和鳍色素细胞的组成、分布及形态特征。皮肤纵切显微观察显示,眼后头部、体侧黑斑、体侧下部皮肤主要含黑色素细胞,喉部及腹部皮肤主要含...采用冰冻切片和常规苏木精—伊红染色切片,在光学显微镜下观察了体质量500 g 1龄翘嘴鳜皮肤、鳞片和鳍色素细胞的组成、分布及形态特征。皮肤纵切显微观察显示,眼后头部、体侧黑斑、体侧下部皮肤主要含黑色素细胞,喉部及腹部皮肤主要含虹彩细胞。皮肤横切显微观察显示,在皮肤表面,黑色素细胞聚集呈团状或块状,黄色素细胞呈颗粒状,虹彩细胞呈长梭形。苏木精—伊红染色下,皮肤黑色素细胞呈棕黑色,虹彩细胞呈浅灰色。皮肤色素层主要分布在表皮层与真皮疏松层之间、真皮致密层与肌肉相连处,少量分布在真皮疏松层纤维组织上。鳞片显微观察显示,眼后头部、体侧黑斑、体侧下部鳞片主要含黑色素细胞、黄色素细胞;喉部及腹部为透明状,不含或含少量黑色素细胞及黄色素细胞。鳞片黑色素细胞胞体大,胞体周边分枝多且细,黄色素细胞呈颗粒状。鳍显微观察显示,鳍主要含黑色素细胞及黄色素细胞,不同部位各色素细胞占比、大小及着色存在较大的区别。翘嘴鳜在长期的进化过程中,通过黑色素细胞、黄色素细胞、虹彩细胞不同的调配比及着色深浅,从而形成了具有独特特征的条纹及图案,利于隐藏及捕食,同时具有一定的观赏性。展开更多
基金High-Tech Research and Development Program of China (No. AA2001628130)
文摘The distribution and ultrastructure of pigment cells in skins of normal and albino adult turbots were examined with transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. Three types of pigment cells of melanophore, iridophore and xanthophore have been recognized in adult turbot skins. The skin color depends mainly on the amount and distribution of melanophore and iridophore, as xanthophore is quite rare. No pigment cells can be found in the epidermis of the skins. In the pigmented ocular skin of the turbot, melanophore and iridophore are usually co-localized in the dermis. This is quite different from the distribution in larvae skin. In albino and white blind skins of adult turbots, however, only iridophore monolayer still exists, while the melanophore monolayer disappears. This cytological evidence explains why the albino adult turbot, unlike its larvae, could never resume its body color no matter what enviroumental and nutritional conditions were provided. Endocytosis is quite active in the cellular membrane of the iridophore. This might be related to the formation of reflective platelet and stability of the iridophore.
基金funded by the NNSF of China(No.30070593)SNSF(No.Y2002D10).
文摘Histological development of Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus larval skin and ultrastructural difference of skin between reared normal and malpigmented Japanese flounder were studied with light microscopy (LM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results show that the skin develops slowly before the metamorphosis, while at the onset of metamorphosis, the skin develops quickly and becomes complete in structure till about 50 d after being hatched. Ultrastructural observation on the normal and malpigmented skins shows that the iridophore and melanophore are adjacent to each other. Profile and structure of the two kinds of pigment cells are more complete in the skin of normal ocular side than in the skin of pigmented blind side. The ultrastructure of typical chloride cell was observed in the skin of Japanese flounder larvae for the first time.
文摘采用冰冻切片和常规苏木精—伊红染色切片,在光学显微镜下观察了体质量500 g 1龄翘嘴鳜皮肤、鳞片和鳍色素细胞的组成、分布及形态特征。皮肤纵切显微观察显示,眼后头部、体侧黑斑、体侧下部皮肤主要含黑色素细胞,喉部及腹部皮肤主要含虹彩细胞。皮肤横切显微观察显示,在皮肤表面,黑色素细胞聚集呈团状或块状,黄色素细胞呈颗粒状,虹彩细胞呈长梭形。苏木精—伊红染色下,皮肤黑色素细胞呈棕黑色,虹彩细胞呈浅灰色。皮肤色素层主要分布在表皮层与真皮疏松层之间、真皮致密层与肌肉相连处,少量分布在真皮疏松层纤维组织上。鳞片显微观察显示,眼后头部、体侧黑斑、体侧下部鳞片主要含黑色素细胞、黄色素细胞;喉部及腹部为透明状,不含或含少量黑色素细胞及黄色素细胞。鳞片黑色素细胞胞体大,胞体周边分枝多且细,黄色素细胞呈颗粒状。鳍显微观察显示,鳍主要含黑色素细胞及黄色素细胞,不同部位各色素细胞占比、大小及着色存在较大的区别。翘嘴鳜在长期的进化过程中,通过黑色素细胞、黄色素细胞、虹彩细胞不同的调配比及着色深浅,从而形成了具有独特特征的条纹及图案,利于隐藏及捕食,同时具有一定的观赏性。
