目的评价CT导向下125I粒子植入治疗胰腺癌的临床价值。方法回顾性分析2003年6月至2004年5月中山大学肿瘤防治中心26例经CT导向下125I粒子植入治疗胰腺癌患者的临床资料,重点总结此手术的经验和技巧。本组26例中,男21例,女5例,年龄47~73...目的评价CT导向下125I粒子植入治疗胰腺癌的临床价值。方法回顾性分析2003年6月至2004年5月中山大学肿瘤防治中心26例经CT导向下125I粒子植入治疗胰腺癌患者的临床资料,重点总结此手术的经验和技巧。本组26例中,男21例,女5例,年龄47~73岁。中位年龄为60岁±13岁。病灶平均直径为6·1(1·0~8·5)cm。其中腹痛较剧者15例,黄疸10例。全部病例经CT、MRI检查(14例)或病理穿刺活检(12例)后临床诊断为胰腺癌。病理分期(TNM,pTNM)Ⅱ期3例,Ⅲ期20例,Ⅳ期3例。采用计算机立体定位计划系统(treatment plan system,TPS)计算布源,在CT导向下将125I粒子植入胰腺瘤灶内,采用(2·2~3·3)×107Mq活度的125I粒子相隔1·0~1·5cm平面播植。125I在1·7cm内具有杀灭肿瘤的作用。结果9例患者疼痛完全缓解,2例部分缓解,4例无效,平均术后3~7d疼痛缓解。4例死于局部进展,2例死于远处转移,全组中位生存时间11个月。2个月后CT复查,完全缓解(CR)2例;部分缓解(PR)13例;无变化(NC)5例;进展(PD)6例。总有效率(CR+PR)57·7%。2个月随访过程中发现3粒粒子(2例患者)迁徙至肝脏内;白细胞轻度下降1例。未见胰瘘、胰腺炎、肠出血、腹腔内脓肿等严重并发症。结论CT导向下放射性粒子植入治疗胰腺癌创伤小,并发症发生率低,生活质量改善明显,近期效果好,具有很好的姑息止痛疗效,是一种治疗中晚期胰腺癌的简单、安全、有效的方法。展开更多
Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) develops in about 25% of patients with acute pancreatitis (AP). Severity of AP is linked to the presence of systemic organ dysfunctions and/or necrotizing pancreatitis pathomorphologica...Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) develops in about 25% of patients with acute pancreatitis (AP). Severity of AP is linked to the presence of systemic organ dysfunctions and/or necrotizing pancreatitis pathomorphologically. Risk factors determining independently the outcome of SAP are early multi-organ failure, infection of necrosis and extended necrosis (> 50%). Up to one third of patients with necrotizing pancreatitis develop in the late course infection of necroses. Morbidity of SAP is biphasic, in the first week strongly related to early and persistence of organ or multi-organ dysfunction. Clinical sepsis caused by infected necrosis leading to multi-organ failure syndrome (MOFS) occurs in the later course after the first week. To predict sepsis, MOFS or deaths in the first 48-72 h, the highest predictive accuracy has been objectified for procalcitonin and IL-8; the Sepsis- Related Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA)-score predicts the outcome in the first 48 h, and provides a daily assessment of treatment response with a high positive predictive value. Contrast-enhanced CT provides the highest diagnostic accuracy for necrotizing pancreatitis when performed after the first week of disease. Patients who suffer early organ dysfunctions or at risk of developing a severe disease require early intensive care treatment. Early vigorous intravenous fluid replacement is of foremost importance. The goal is to decrease the hematocrit or restore normal cardiocirculatory functions. Antibiotic prophylaxis has not been shown as an effective preventive treatment. Early enteral feeding is based on a high level of evidence, resulting in a reduction of local and systemic infection. Patients suffering infected necrosis causing clinical sepsis, pancreatic abscess or surgical acute abdomen are candidates for early intervention. Hospital mortality of SAP after interventional or surgical debridement has decreased in high volume centers to below 20%.展开更多
文摘目的评价CT导向下125I粒子植入治疗胰腺癌的临床价值。方法回顾性分析2003年6月至2004年5月中山大学肿瘤防治中心26例经CT导向下125I粒子植入治疗胰腺癌患者的临床资料,重点总结此手术的经验和技巧。本组26例中,男21例,女5例,年龄47~73岁。中位年龄为60岁±13岁。病灶平均直径为6·1(1·0~8·5)cm。其中腹痛较剧者15例,黄疸10例。全部病例经CT、MRI检查(14例)或病理穿刺活检(12例)后临床诊断为胰腺癌。病理分期(TNM,pTNM)Ⅱ期3例,Ⅲ期20例,Ⅳ期3例。采用计算机立体定位计划系统(treatment plan system,TPS)计算布源,在CT导向下将125I粒子植入胰腺瘤灶内,采用(2·2~3·3)×107Mq活度的125I粒子相隔1·0~1·5cm平面播植。125I在1·7cm内具有杀灭肿瘤的作用。结果9例患者疼痛完全缓解,2例部分缓解,4例无效,平均术后3~7d疼痛缓解。4例死于局部进展,2例死于远处转移,全组中位生存时间11个月。2个月后CT复查,完全缓解(CR)2例;部分缓解(PR)13例;无变化(NC)5例;进展(PD)6例。总有效率(CR+PR)57·7%。2个月随访过程中发现3粒粒子(2例患者)迁徙至肝脏内;白细胞轻度下降1例。未见胰瘘、胰腺炎、肠出血、腹腔内脓肿等严重并发症。结论CT导向下放射性粒子植入治疗胰腺癌创伤小,并发症发生率低,生活质量改善明显,近期效果好,具有很好的姑息止痛疗效,是一种治疗中晚期胰腺癌的简单、安全、有效的方法。
文摘Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) develops in about 25% of patients with acute pancreatitis (AP). Severity of AP is linked to the presence of systemic organ dysfunctions and/or necrotizing pancreatitis pathomorphologically. Risk factors determining independently the outcome of SAP are early multi-organ failure, infection of necrosis and extended necrosis (> 50%). Up to one third of patients with necrotizing pancreatitis develop in the late course infection of necroses. Morbidity of SAP is biphasic, in the first week strongly related to early and persistence of organ or multi-organ dysfunction. Clinical sepsis caused by infected necrosis leading to multi-organ failure syndrome (MOFS) occurs in the later course after the first week. To predict sepsis, MOFS or deaths in the first 48-72 h, the highest predictive accuracy has been objectified for procalcitonin and IL-8; the Sepsis- Related Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA)-score predicts the outcome in the first 48 h, and provides a daily assessment of treatment response with a high positive predictive value. Contrast-enhanced CT provides the highest diagnostic accuracy for necrotizing pancreatitis when performed after the first week of disease. Patients who suffer early organ dysfunctions or at risk of developing a severe disease require early intensive care treatment. Early vigorous intravenous fluid replacement is of foremost importance. The goal is to decrease the hematocrit or restore normal cardiocirculatory functions. Antibiotic prophylaxis has not been shown as an effective preventive treatment. Early enteral feeding is based on a high level of evidence, resulting in a reduction of local and systemic infection. Patients suffering infected necrosis causing clinical sepsis, pancreatic abscess or surgical acute abdomen are candidates for early intervention. Hospital mortality of SAP after interventional or surgical debridement has decreased in high volume centers to below 20%.
