Although MXene sheets possess high electrical conductivity and rich surface chemistry and are well suit-able for fabricating electrically conductive nanocomposites for electromagnetic interference(EMI)shield-ing appli...Although MXene sheets possess high electrical conductivity and rich surface chemistry and are well suit-able for fabricating electrically conductive nanocomposites for electromagnetic interference(EMI)shield-ing applications,it remains challenging for MXene nanocomposites to achieve tunable EMI shielding per-formances and customized geometries.Herein,an aqueous MXene/sodium alginate ink is developed to print aerogel meshes with customized geometries using a direct ink writing approach.An ion-enhanced strategy is proposed to reinforce the printed aerogel meshes by multi-level cross-linking.The resultant 3D printed aerogel mesh exhibits an ultrahigh electrical conductivity of 2.85×10^(3)S m^(−1),outstanding mechanical properties,and excellent structural stability in wet environment.More importantly,a wide range of tunable EMI shielding efficiencies from 45 to 100 dB is achieved by the structural design of the 3D printed ion-enhanced MXene/sodium alginate aerogel meshes.As a Joule heater,in addition,the printed aerogel meshes can achieve a wide temperature range of 40-135℃at low driving voltages.This work demonstrates a direct ink writing approach for the fabrication of ion-enhanced MXene/sodium al-ginate aerogel meshes with tunable EMI shielding properties and multi-functionalities for applications in many scenarios.展开更多
Inkjet priming （IJP） is a versatile technique for realizing high-accuracy patterns in a cost-effective manner. It is considered to be one of the most promising candidates to replace the expensive thermal evaporation...Inkjet priming （IJP） is a versatile technique for realizing high-accuracy patterns in a cost-effective manner. It is considered to be one of the most promising candidates to replace the expensive thermal evaporation technique, which is hindered by the difficulty of fabricating low-cost, large electroluminescent devices, such as organic light- emitting diodes （OLEDs） and quantum dot light-emitting diodes （QLEDs）. In this invited review, we first introduce the recent progress of some printable emissive materials, including polymers, small molecules, and inorganic colloidal quantum dot emitters in OLEDs and QLEDs. Subsequently, we focus on the key factors that influence film formation. By exploring stable ink formulation, selecting print parameters, and implementing droplet deposition control, a uniform film can be obtained, which in turn improves the device performance. Finally, a series of impressive inkjet-printed OLEDs and QLEDs prototype display panels are summarized, suggesting a promising future for IJP in the fabrication of large and high-resolution flat panel displays.展开更多
Inkjet printing is a new fabricating method that can realize the precise film deposition. For polymer inks, the coil-stretch transition of polymer chains always impacts the ink droplet formation and a beads-on-a strin...Inkjet printing is a new fabricating method that can realize the precise film deposition. For polymer inks, the coil-stretch transition of polymer chains always impacts the ink droplet formation and a beads-on-a string structure filament is formed, thus generating unwanted satellite droplets. This review provides a short introduction of the dynamic process of the droplet formation. Then fluid theological requirements for a printable polymer ink are summarized. Finally the strain hardening phenomenon of polymer chains in the filament formation and its impact on polymer ink-jetting are discussed. The research of viscoelastic polymer inks shows that rheological parameters and viscoelasticity are two key factors that determine the printability of polymer inks.展开更多
Printing techniques hold great potential in the manufacture of electronics such as sensors,micro-supercapacitors,and flexible electronics.However,developing large-scale functional conductive inks with appropriate rheo...Printing techniques hold great potential in the manufacture of electronics such as sensors,micro-supercapacitors,and flexible electronics.However,developing large-scale functional conductive inks with appropriate rheological properties and active components still remains a challenge.Herein,through optimizing the formulations of ink,iron single sites supported N-doped carbon black(Fe_(1)-NC)inks can serve as both conductive electrodes and high-reactive catalysts to realize convenient glucose detection,which pronouncedly reduces the dosage of enzyme and simplifies the sensors preparation.In detail,utilizing in-situ pyrolysis method,Fe_(1)-NC single-atom catalysts(SACs)are prepared in bulk(dekagram-level).The batched Fe_(1)-NC SACs materials can be uniformly mixed with modulated ink to realize the screen printing with high resolution and uniformity.Also,the whole scalable preparation and ink-functional process can be extended to various metals(including Co,Ni,Cu,and Mn).The introduction of highly active Fe_(1)-NC sites reduces the amount of enzyme used in glucose detection by at least 50%,contributing to the cost reduction of sensors.The strategy in harnessing the SACs onto the carbon inks thus provides a broad prospect for the low-cost and large-scale printing of sensitive sensing devices.展开更多
Recently, flexible and stretchable electronics have experienced tremendous surge due to their promised applications in fields such as wearable electronics, portable energy devices, flexible display, and human-skin sen...Recently, flexible and stretchable electronics have experienced tremendous surge due to their promised applications in fields such as wearable electronics, portable energy devices, flexible display, and human-skin sensors. In order to fabricate flexible and stretchable electronics, a high-throughput, cost-saving, and eco-friendly manufacturing technology is required. Printing, which is an additive patterning process, can meet those requirements. In this article, printing fabrication is compared with conventional lithography process. Practices at the author's group utilizing printing for the fabrication of flexible thin-film transistors, flexible hybrid circuits and stretchable systems are presented, which has proven that printing can indeed be a viable method to fabricate flexible and stretchable electronics.展开更多
Stable aqueous carbon inks,with graphene sheets(GSs)and carbon black(CB)as conductive fillers,are prepared by a simple one-pot ball-milling method.The asprepared composite ink with 10 wt%GSs shows optimized rheologica...Stable aqueous carbon inks,with graphene sheets(GSs)and carbon black(CB)as conductive fillers,are prepared by a simple one-pot ball-milling method.The asprepared composite ink with 10 wt%GSs shows optimized rheological properties(viscosity and thixotropy)for screen printing.The as-printed coatings based on the above ink are uniform and dense on a polyimide substrate,and exhibit a sandwich-type conductive three dimensional network at the microscale.The resistivity of the typical composite coating is as low as 0.23±0.01Ωcm(92±4Ωsq^-1,25μm),which is 30%as that of a pure CB coating(0.77±0.01Ωcm).It is noteworthy that the resistivity decreases to 0.18±0.01Ωcm(72±4Ωsq^-1,25μm)after a further rolling compression.The coating exhibits good mechanical flexibility,and the resistance slightly increases by 12%after 3000 bending cycles.With the CB/GSs composite coatings as a flexible conductor,fascinating luminescent bookmarks and membrane switches were fabricated,demonstrating the tremendous potential of these coatings in the commercial production of flexible electronics and devices.展开更多
Poly[(9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-alt(4,4′-(N-(4-butylphenyl))](TFB),one of the most popular and widely used hole-transport layer(HTL)materials,has been successfully applied in high performance spin-coated quantum...Poly[(9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-alt(4,4′-(N-(4-butylphenyl))](TFB),one of the most popular and widely used hole-transport layer(HTL)materials,has been successfully applied in high performance spin-coated quantum dots-based light-emitting diodes(QLEDs)due to its suitable energy level and high mobility.However,there are still many challenging issues in inkjet-printed QLED devices when using TFB as HTL.TFB normally suffers from the interlayer mixing and erosion,and low surface energy against the good film formation.Here,a novel environment-friendly binary solvent system was established for formulating quantum dot(QD)inks,which is based on mixing halogen-free alkane solvents of decalin and n-tridecane.The optimum volume ratio for the mixture of decalin and n-tridecane was found to be 7:3,at which a stable ink jetting flow and coffee-ring free QD films could be formed.To research the influence of substrate surface on the formation of inkjet-printed QD films,TFB was annealed at different temperatures,and the optimum annealing temperature was found to enable high quality inkjet-printed QD film.Inkjet-printed red QLED was ultimately manufactured.A maximum 18.3%of external quantum efficiency(EQE)was achieved,reaching 93%of the spin-coated QLED,which is the best reported high efficiency inkjet-printed red QLEDs to date.In addition,the inkjet-printed QLED achieved similar T75 operational lifetime(27 h)as compared to the spin-coated reference QLED(28 h)at 2,000 cd·m−2.This work demonstrated that the novel orthogonal halogen-free alkane co-solvents can improve the interfacial contact and facilitate high-performance inkjet printing QLEDs with high EQE and stability.展开更多
Wearable fiber-based electronics have found diverse applications including energy storage,healthcare or thermal management,etc.In particular,additive-free aqueous inks play significant roles in fabrication of wearable...Wearable fiber-based electronics have found diverse applications including energy storage,healthcare or thermal management,etc.In particular,additive-free aqueous inks play significant roles in fabrication of wearable fiber-based devices,owning to their nontoxic nature and ease of manufacturing.Herein,wearable carbon fiber-based asymmetric supercapacitors(WASSC)are developed based on additive-free aqueous MXene inks,for self-powering healthcare sensors.The sediments of MXene without further modification are used as inks.Furthermore,combined with additive-free aqueous MXene/polyaniline(MP)inks,WASSC,with a wide voltage window and high capacitance is developed for practical energy supply.Impressively,WASSC has been successfully utilized to power wearable pressure sensors that could monitor motions and pulse signals.This wearable self-powered monitoring system on can accurately monitor the human motions,pronunciation,swallow or wrist pulse,without using the rigid batteries.This advantage realizes a great potential in simple and cost effective monitoring of human health and activities.Besides,self-powered system enables waste recycling of MXene and provides an effective approach for designing wearable and fiber-based self-powered sensors.展开更多
To reduce the impact of the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus, popularly known as the Coronavirus, many public health-related rules have been established around the world. Along with social distancing and lockdowns, most countri...To reduce the impact of the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus, popularly known as the Coronavirus, many public health-related rules have been established around the world. Along with social distancing and lockdowns, most countries have mandatory wearing of face masks in public areas to limit the spread of the virus during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, because people are free to choose any method to make their masks, some are being fabricated from materials that can be toxic to the environment and human health. This paper discusses how inks and dyes used in face masks are causing major environmental degradation and health issues in industry workers and the general mask-wearing public. The goal fixed for the present study is to raise the alarm with authorities and decision-makers regarding the toxic nature of some colors (dyes and inks) and fabrics in the masks being worn every day.展开更多
基金Financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51922020 and 52090034)the open Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites,Beijing University of Chemical Technology(No.OIC-202201001)are gratefully acknowledged.
文摘Although MXene sheets possess high electrical conductivity and rich surface chemistry and are well suit-able for fabricating electrically conductive nanocomposites for electromagnetic interference(EMI)shield-ing applications,it remains challenging for MXene nanocomposites to achieve tunable EMI shielding per-formances and customized geometries.Herein,an aqueous MXene/sodium alginate ink is developed to print aerogel meshes with customized geometries using a direct ink writing approach.An ion-enhanced strategy is proposed to reinforce the printed aerogel meshes by multi-level cross-linking.The resultant 3D printed aerogel mesh exhibits an ultrahigh electrical conductivity of 2.85×10^(3)S m^(−1),outstanding mechanical properties,and excellent structural stability in wet environment.More importantly,a wide range of tunable EMI shielding efficiencies from 45 to 100 dB is achieved by the structural design of the 3D printed ion-enhanced MXene/sodium alginate aerogel meshes.As a Joule heater,in addition,the printed aerogel meshes can achieve a wide temperature range of 40-135℃at low driving voltages.This work demonstrates a direct ink writing approach for the fabrication of ion-enhanced MXene/sodium al-ginate aerogel meshes with tunable EMI shielding properties and multi-functionalities for applications in many scenarios.
文摘Inkjet priming （IJP） is a versatile technique for realizing high-accuracy patterns in a cost-effective manner. It is considered to be one of the most promising candidates to replace the expensive thermal evaporation technique, which is hindered by the difficulty of fabricating low-cost, large electroluminescent devices, such as organic light- emitting diodes （OLEDs） and quantum dot light-emitting diodes （QLEDs）. In this invited review, we first introduce the recent progress of some printable emissive materials, including polymers, small molecules, and inorganic colloidal quantum dot emitters in OLEDs and QLEDs. Subsequently, we focus on the key factors that influence film formation. By exploring stable ink formulation, selecting print parameters, and implementing droplet deposition control, a uniform film can be obtained, which in turn improves the device performance. Finally, a series of impressive inkjet-printed OLEDs and QLEDs prototype display panels are summarized, suggesting a promising future for IJP in the fabrication of large and high-resolution flat panel displays.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos. 51473161,21574130)the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, No. 2015CB655001)National Key R&D Program of "Strategic Advanced Electronic Materials"(Nos.2016YFB0401301,2016YFB0401100)
文摘Inkjet printing is a new fabricating method that can realize the precise film deposition. For polymer inks, the coil-stretch transition of polymer chains always impacts the ink droplet formation and a beads-on-a string structure filament is formed, thus generating unwanted satellite droplets. This review provides a short introduction of the dynamic process of the droplet formation. Then fluid theological requirements for a printable polymer ink are summarized. Finally the strain hardening phenomenon of polymer chains in the filament formation and its impact on polymer ink-jetting are discussed. The research of viscoelastic polymer inks shows that rheological parameters and viscoelasticity are two key factors that determine the printability of polymer inks.
基金supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(No.2021YFA1500404)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.92261105 and 22221003)+1 种基金USTC Research Funds of the Double First-Class Initiative(No.YD9990002022)the Shanghai Sailing Program(No.22YF1413400).
文摘Printing techniques hold great potential in the manufacture of electronics such as sensors,micro-supercapacitors,and flexible electronics.However,developing large-scale functional conductive inks with appropriate rheological properties and active components still remains a challenge.Herein,through optimizing the formulations of ink,iron single sites supported N-doped carbon black(Fe_(1)-NC)inks can serve as both conductive electrodes and high-reactive catalysts to realize convenient glucose detection,which pronouncedly reduces the dosage of enzyme and simplifies the sensors preparation.In detail,utilizing in-situ pyrolysis method,Fe_(1)-NC single-atom catalysts(SACs)are prepared in bulk(dekagram-level).The batched Fe_(1)-NC SACs materials can be uniformly mixed with modulated ink to realize the screen printing with high resolution and uniformity.Also,the whole scalable preparation and ink-functional process can be extended to various metals(including Co,Ni,Cu,and Mn).The introduction of highly active Fe_(1)-NC sites reduces the amount of enzyme used in glucose detection by at least 50%,contributing to the cost reduction of sensors.The strategy in harnessing the SACs onto the carbon inks thus provides a broad prospect for the low-cost and large-scale printing of sensitive sensing devices.
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDA09020201)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.91123034,91623104)the National Program on Key Basic Research Project(Grant No2015CB351901)
文摘Recently, flexible and stretchable electronics have experienced tremendous surge due to their promised applications in fields such as wearable electronics, portable energy devices, flexible display, and human-skin sensors. In order to fabricate flexible and stretchable electronics, a high-throughput, cost-saving, and eco-friendly manufacturing technology is required. Printing, which is an additive patterning process, can meet those requirements. In this article, printing fabrication is compared with conventional lithography process. Practices at the author's group utilizing printing for the fabrication of flexible thin-film transistors, flexible hybrid circuits and stretchable systems are presented, which has proven that printing can indeed be a viable method to fabricate flexible and stretchable electronics.
基金supported by the Scientific and Technological Key Project of Shanxi Province (MC2016-04 and MC2016-08)Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province (201801D221156)+2 种基金DNL Cooperation Fund of CAS (DNL180308)Science and Technology Service Network Initiative of CAS (KFJ-STS-ZDTP-068)Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS
文摘Stable aqueous carbon inks,with graphene sheets(GSs)and carbon black(CB)as conductive fillers,are prepared by a simple one-pot ball-milling method.The asprepared composite ink with 10 wt%GSs shows optimized rheological properties(viscosity and thixotropy)for screen printing.The as-printed coatings based on the above ink are uniform and dense on a polyimide substrate,and exhibit a sandwich-type conductive three dimensional network at the microscale.The resistivity of the typical composite coating is as low as 0.23±0.01Ωcm(92±4Ωsq^-1,25μm),which is 30%as that of a pure CB coating(0.77±0.01Ωcm).It is noteworthy that the resistivity decreases to 0.18±0.01Ωcm(72±4Ωsq^-1,25μm)after a further rolling compression.The coating exhibits good mechanical flexibility,and the resistance slightly increases by 12%after 3000 bending cycles.With the CB/GSs composite coatings as a flexible conductor,fascinating luminescent bookmarks and membrane switches were fabricated,demonstrating the tremendous potential of these coatings in the commercial production of flexible electronics and devices.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFB0401600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U1605244)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2020M681726).
文摘Poly[(9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-alt(4,4′-(N-(4-butylphenyl))](TFB),one of the most popular and widely used hole-transport layer(HTL)materials,has been successfully applied in high performance spin-coated quantum dots-based light-emitting diodes(QLEDs)due to its suitable energy level and high mobility.However,there are still many challenging issues in inkjet-printed QLED devices when using TFB as HTL.TFB normally suffers from the interlayer mixing and erosion,and low surface energy against the good film formation.Here,a novel environment-friendly binary solvent system was established for formulating quantum dot(QD)inks,which is based on mixing halogen-free alkane solvents of decalin and n-tridecane.The optimum volume ratio for the mixture of decalin and n-tridecane was found to be 7:3,at which a stable ink jetting flow and coffee-ring free QD films could be formed.To research the influence of substrate surface on the formation of inkjet-printed QD films,TFB was annealed at different temperatures,and the optimum annealing temperature was found to enable high quality inkjet-printed QD film.Inkjet-printed red QLED was ultimately manufactured.A maximum 18.3%of external quantum efficiency(EQE)was achieved,reaching 93%of the spin-coated QLED,which is the best reported high efficiency inkjet-printed red QLEDs to date.In addition,the inkjet-printed QLED achieved similar T75 operational lifetime(27 h)as compared to the spin-coated reference QLED(28 h)at 2,000 cd·m−2.This work demonstrated that the novel orthogonal halogen-free alkane co-solvents can improve the interfacial contact and facilitate high-performance inkjet printing QLEDs with high EQE and stability.
基金We are grateful for the financial support from State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials,Donghua University(Grant No.KF2112)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.22074010)+1 种基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2018AAA0100300,2020YFB2008502)Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry,Dalian University of Technology,China.
文摘Wearable fiber-based electronics have found diverse applications including energy storage,healthcare or thermal management,etc.In particular,additive-free aqueous inks play significant roles in fabrication of wearable fiber-based devices,owning to their nontoxic nature and ease of manufacturing.Herein,wearable carbon fiber-based asymmetric supercapacitors(WASSC)are developed based on additive-free aqueous MXene inks,for self-powering healthcare sensors.The sediments of MXene without further modification are used as inks.Furthermore,combined with additive-free aqueous MXene/polyaniline(MP)inks,WASSC,with a wide voltage window and high capacitance is developed for practical energy supply.Impressively,WASSC has been successfully utilized to power wearable pressure sensors that could monitor motions and pulse signals.This wearable self-powered monitoring system on can accurately monitor the human motions,pronunciation,swallow or wrist pulse,without using the rigid batteries.This advantage realizes a great potential in simple and cost effective monitoring of human health and activities.Besides,self-powered system enables waste recycling of MXene and provides an effective approach for designing wearable and fiber-based self-powered sensors.
文摘To reduce the impact of the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus, popularly known as the Coronavirus, many public health-related rules have been established around the world. Along with social distancing and lockdowns, most countries have mandatory wearing of face masks in public areas to limit the spread of the virus during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, because people are free to choose any method to make their masks, some are being fabricated from materials that can be toxic to the environment and human health. This paper discusses how inks and dyes used in face masks are causing major environmental degradation and health issues in industry workers and the general mask-wearing public. The goal fixed for the present study is to raise the alarm with authorities and decision-makers regarding the toxic nature of some colors (dyes and inks) and fabrics in the masks being worn every day.
