Multimodal imaging probes have attracted wide attention and have potential to diagnose diseases accurately because of the complementary advantages of multiple imaging modalities. However, intractable issues remain wit...Multimodal imaging probes have attracted wide attention and have potential to diagnose diseases accurately because of the complementary advantages of multiple imaging modalities. However, intractable issues remain with regard to their complicated multi-step fabrication for hybrid nanostructure and interference of different modal imaging. In the present stud we present, for the first time, T1 and T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） of ultrasmaU Mn2＋-doped NaNdF4 nanocrystals （NCs）, which can also be used simultaneously for second near infrared （NIR-U） fluorescence and computed tomography （CT） imaging, thus enabling high-performance multimodal MRI/NIR-II/CT imaging of single NaNdF4：Mn NCs. The NaNdF4：Mn was demonstrated as a nanoprobe for in vitro and in vivo multimodal MRI and NIR-II fluorescence imaging of human mesenchymal stem cells. The results provide a new strategy to simplify the nanostructure and preparation of probes, based on the features of NaNdF4：Mn NCs, which offer highly efficient multimodal MRI/NIR-II/CT imaging.展开更多
Phototheranostics integrates deep-tissue imaging with phototherapy(containing photothermal therapy and photodynamic therapy),holding great promise in early diagnosis and precision treatment of cancers.Recently,second ...Phototheranostics integrates deep-tissue imaging with phototherapy(containing photothermal therapy and photodynamic therapy),holding great promise in early diagnosis and precision treatment of cancers.Recently,second near-infrared(NIR-II)fluorescence imaging exhibits the merits of high accuracy and specificity,as well as real-time detection.Among the NIR-II fluorophores,organic small molecular fluorophores have shown superior properties in the biocompatibility,variable structure,and tunable emission wavelength than the inorganic NIR-II materials.What’s more,some small molecular fluorophores also display excellent cytotoxicity when illuminated with the NIR laser.This review summarizes the progress of small molecular NIR-II fluorophores with different central cores for cancer phototheranostics in the past few years,focusing on the molecular structures and phototheranostic performances.Furthermore,challenges and prospects of future development toward clinical translation are discussed.展开更多
The small-molecule fluorophores for the second near-infrared(NIR-II,1000–1700 nm)window have attracted increasing attention in basic scientific research and preclinical practice owing to their deep-photo penetration,...The small-molecule fluorophores for the second near-infrared(NIR-II,1000–1700 nm)window have attracted increasing attention in basic scientific research and preclinical practice owing to their deep-photo penetration,minimal physiological toxicity and simplicity of chemical modification.However,most of the reported small-molecule NIR-II fluorophores suffered from poor water solubility,which can easily cause organ toxicity.In addition,the aggregation caused by their poor water solubility in the aqueous solution would also result in weak fluorescence of these NIR-II fluorophores.Thus,it is highly desirable and valuable to develop water-soluble small-molecule NIR-II fluorophores with excellent photophysical properties for high-contrast in vivo imaging.In this review,we summarize the recent research advances in water-soluble small-molecule NIR-II fluorophores and highlight the representative bioimaging applications.Moreover,the potential challenges and perspectives of water-soluble small-molecule NIR-II fluorophores are discussed as well.We anticipate this review can help researchers to grab the latest information of water-soluble small-molecule fluorophores for NIR-II imaging,sequentially boosting their further development.展开更多
The in vivo spatio-temporal patterns of neovascularization are still poorly understood because it is limited to multi-scale techniques from the cellular level to living animal level.Owing to deep tissue-penetration an...The in vivo spatio-temporal patterns of neovascularization are still poorly understood because it is limited to multi-scale techniques from the cellular level to living animal level.Owing to deep tissue-penetration and zero autofluorescence background,the second near-infrared(NIR-II,1,000–1,700 nm)fluorescence imaging recently shows promise in breaking through this dilemma by dynamically tracking the pathophysiological process of neovascularization in vivo.Here,NIR-II fluorescence imaging was recruited for monitoring blood vessels in order to visualize the vascular injury and quantitively assess neovascularization in mouse models of acute skeleton muscle contusion and hindlimb ischemia.The temporal analysis of real-time NIR-II fluorescence intensity demonstrated that the blood flow perfusion of ischemia area was able to rapidly restore to 96%of pre-ischemic state within one week.Moreover,the spatial analysis revealed that the lower and outer quadrants of ischemia area in the mouse model of hindlimb ischemia always had relatively high blood flow perfusion compared with other quadrants during three weeks post-ischemia,and even exceeded pre-ischemic quantity at 21 days post-ischemia.In conclusion,this in vivo imaging technique has significant potential utility for studying the spatio-temporal patterns of neovascularization in vivo.展开更多
Oral cancer is a common malignant tumor of the head and neck,and surgery combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy is the primary treatment modality.However,a positive resection margin that may lead to recurrence af...Oral cancer is a common malignant tumor of the head and neck,and surgery combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy is the primary treatment modality.However,a positive resection margin that may lead to recurrence after surgery has always been a critical issue to address.Furthermore,radiotherapy and chemotherapy also have shortcomings such as resistance to chemotherapy and radiation,lack of targeting,and severe side effects.Therefore,exploring new methods of tumor surgical navigation and tumor treatment is of great significance for oral cancer.Although,the emerging near-infrared II(NIR-II,1,000–1,700 nm)region fluorescent imaging has revolutionized surgical navigation,a high tumor-targeting fluorescent probe remains lacking.Furthermore,while emerging photothermal therapy(PTT)can overcome chemoradiotherapy’s shortcomings and achieve precise treatment of tumors,its clinical application is still limited by the lack of high photothermal conversion efficiency,high photothermal stability,and highly penetrating materials.Herein,a NIR-II dye SQ890 is developed for tumor imaging and PTT of oral cancer.By assembling into nanoparticles(NPs)and being modified with epithelial growth factor receptor(EGFR)-targeting peptides GE11,SQ890 NPs-Pep can specifically accumulate in tumor sites via active targeting,and realize photoacoustic/NIR-II fluorescence dual-modality imaging-guided PTT of oral cancer.展开更多
Early detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection is an efficient way to prevent the spread of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Detecting SARS-CoV-2 antigen can be rapid and con...Early detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection is an efficient way to prevent the spread of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Detecting SARS-CoV-2 antigen can be rapid and convenient,but it is still challenging to develop highly sensitive methods for effective diagnosis.Herein,a lateral flow assay(LFA)based on fluorescent nanoparticles emitting in the second near-infrared(NIR-II)window is developed for sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2 antigen.Benefiting from the NIR-II fluorescence with high penetration and low autofluorescence,such NIR-II based LFA allows enhanced signal-to-background ratio,and the limit of detection is down to 0.01 ng·mL^(−1)of SARS-CoV-2 antigen.In the clinical swab sample tests,the NIR-II LFA outperforms the colloidal gold LFA with higher overall percent agreement with the polymerase chain reaction test.The clinical samples with low antigen concentrations(~0.015–~0.068 ng·mL^(−1))can be successfully detected by the NIR-II LFA,but fail for the colloidal gold LFA.The NIR-II LFA can provide a promising platform for highly sensitive,rapid,and cost-effective method for early diagnosis and mass screening of SARS-CoV-2 infection.展开更多
Optical imaging possesses important implications for early disease diagnosis,timely disease treatment,and basic medical as well as biological research.Compared with the traditionary near-infrared(NIR-I)window(650-950 ...Optical imaging possesses important implications for early disease diagnosis,timely disease treatment,and basic medical as well as biological research.Compared with the traditionary near-infrared(NIR-I)window(650-950 nm)optical imaging,the emerging second near-infrared(NIR-II)window optical imaging technology owns the great superiorities of non-invasiveness,nonionizing radiation,and real-time dynamic imaging with the low biological interference,can significantly improve the tissue penetration depth and detection sensitivity,thus expecting to achieve accurate and precise diagnosis of major diseases.Inspired by the conspicuous superiorities,an increasing number of versatile NIR-II fluorophores have been legitimately designed and engineered for precisely deep-tissue mapping-mediated theranostics of life-threatening diseases.Organic semiconducting nanomaterials(OSNs)are derived from organic conjugated molecules withπ-electron delocalized skeletons,which show greatly preponderant prospects in the biomedicine field due to the excellent photoelectric property,tunable energy bands,and fine biocompatibility.In this review,the superiorities of NIR-II fluorescence imaging using OSNs for brilliant visualization various of diseases,including tongue cancer,ovarian cancer,osteosarcoma,bacteria or pathogens infection,kidney dysfunction,rheumatoid arthritis,liver injury,and cerebrovascular function,are emphatically summarized.Finally,the reasonable prospects and persistent efforts for repurposing OSNs to facilitate the clinical translation of NIR-II fluorescence phototheranostics are outlined.展开更多
The intermetallic synergy plays a critical role in exploring the chemical-physical properties of metal nanoclusters.However,the controlled doping or layer-by-layer alloying of atom-precise metal nanoclusters(NCs)has l...The intermetallic synergy plays a critical role in exploring the chemical-physical properties of metal nanoclusters.However,the controlled doping or layer-by-layer alloying of atom-precise metal nanoclusters(NCs)has long been a challenging pursuit.In this work,two novel alloy nanoclusters[PPh_(4)]_(4)[Ag_(32)Cu_(18)(PFBT)_(36)]((AgCu)_(50))and[PPh_(4)]_(4)[Au_(12)Ag_(20)Cu_(18)(PFBT)_(36)](Au_(12)(AgCu)_(38)),where PFBT is pentafluorobenzenethiolate,with shell-by-shell configuration of M_(12)@Ag_(20)@Cu_(18)(PFBT)_(36)(M=Ag/Au)were synthesized by a facile one-pot co-reduction method.Notably,a fingerprint library of[Ag_(50)−xCux(PFBT)_(36)]^(4−)(x=0 to 50)from Ag_(50)to Cu_(50)has been successfully established as revealed by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of trimetallic Au_(12)(AgCu)_(38)confirmed the layer-by-layer alloying under reducing conditions.What is more,(AgCu)_(50)and Au12(AgCu)_(38)both show broad photoluminescence(PL)peak in the second near-infrared(NIR-II)window,and the Au doping in the innermost shell considerably enhances the photoluminescence intensity.This work not only offers an insight in the process of metal cluster alloying but also provides a platform to study the doping-directed PL properties in the multimetallic cluster system.展开更多
Semiconducting polymer nanoparticles(SPNs)have shown great promise in second near-infrared window(NIR-II)phototheranostics.However,the issue of long metabolic time significantly restricts the clinical application of S...Semiconducting polymer nanoparticles(SPNs)have shown great promise in second near-infrared window(NIR-II)phototheranostics.However,the issue of long metabolic time significantly restricts the clinical application of SPNs.In this study,we rationally designed a biodegradable SPN(BSPN50)for NIR-II fluorescence imaging-guided photodynamic therapy(PDT).BSPN50 is prepared by encapsulating a biodegradable SP(BSP50)with an amphiphilic copolymer F-127.BSP50 is composed of NIR-II fluorescent diketopyrrolopyrrole(DPP)segment and degradable poly(phenylenevinylene)(PPV)segment with the ratio of 50/50.BSPN50 has both satisfactory degradability under myeloperoxidase(MPO)/hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))and NIR-II fluorescence emission upon 808 nm laser excitation.Furthermore,BSPN50 shows good photodynamic efficacy under 808 nm laser irradiation.BSPN50 shows a faster degradation rate than BSPN100 which has no PPV segment both in vitro and in vivo.In addition,BSPN50 can effectively diagnose tumor via NIR-II fluorescence imaging and inhibit the tumor growth by PDT.Thus,our study provides a rational approach to construct biodegradable nanoplatforms for efficient tumor NIR-II phototheranostics.展开更多
Achieving efficient integration of cancer diagnosis and therapy is of great significance to human health,but the construction of a multifunctional intelligent therapy system still faces great challenges.In this study,...Achieving efficient integration of cancer diagnosis and therapy is of great significance to human health,but the construction of a multifunctional intelligent therapy system still faces great challenges.In this study,we report an integrated multifunctional nanocomposite constructed by a simple modular assembly technology.The nanocomposites are composed of three different nanomaterials:Fe_(3)O_(4),Au,and NaErF_(4):0.5%Tm@NaYF_(4)upconversion nanoparticles(UCNPs).In this design,Fe_(3)O_(4)nanoparticles have nanozyme effect of peroxidase-like activity,which can react with H_(2)O_(2)in the tumor microenvironment to generate hydroxyl radicals.Because of its magnetic properties,it can help the nanocomposites to aggregate under the induction of magnetic fields.Au nanoparticles exhibit nanozyme effect of glucose oxidase-like activity.It can catalyze the conversion of glucose to gluconic acid and H_(2)O_(2).Ingeniously,the generated H_(2)O_(2)provides a source of reactants for the reaction of the Fe_(3)O_(4)nanozyme.In addition,the photothermal effect of Au nanoparticles under 808 nm irradiation further enhanced the nanozyme activity of Fe_(3)O_(4)and Au nanoparticles.Besides,UCNPs can emit near-infrared(NIR)-II fluorescence under 808 nm irradiation,which can provide imaging-guided during cancer treatment.Then,the nanocomposites were further modified by poly(vinylpyrrolidone)(PVP)to obtain UCNPs/Au/Fe_(3)O_(4)-PVP with good biocompatibility and high-efficiency cancer treatment ability.展开更多
Emerging nanozymes with natural enzyme-mimicking catalytic activities have inspired extensive research interests due to their high stability,low cost,and simple preparation,especially in the field of catalytic tumor t...Emerging nanozymes with natural enzyme-mimicking catalytic activities have inspired extensive research interests due to their high stability,low cost,and simple preparation,especially in the field of catalytic tumor therapy.Here,bio-breakable nanozymes based on glucose-oxidase(GOx)-loaded biomimetic Au–Ag hollow nanotriangles(Au–Ag–GOx HTNs)are designed,and they trigger an near-infrared(NIR)-II-driven plasmon-enhanced cascade catalytic reaction through regulating tumor microenvironment(TME)for highly efficient tumor therapy.Firstly,GOx can effectively trigger the generation of gluconic acid(H+)and hydrogen peroxide(H2O2),thus depleting nutrients in the tumor cells as well as modifying TME to provide conditions for subsequent peroxidase(POD)-like activity.Secondly,NIR-II induced surface plasmon resonance can induce hot electrons to enhance the catalytic activity of Au–Ag–GOx HTNs,eventually boosting the generation of hydroxyl radicals(•OH).Interestingly,the generated H2O2 and H+can simultaneously induce the degradation of Ag nanoprisms to break the intact triangle nanostructure,thus promoting the excretion of Au–Ag–GOx HTNs to avoid the potential risks of drug metabolism.Overall,the NIR-II driven plasmon-enhanced catalytic mechanism of this bio-breakable nanozyme provides a promising approach for the development of nanozymes in tumor therapy.展开更多
Real-time tracking drug release behavior is fundamentally important for avoiding adverse effects or unsuccessful treatment in personalizemedical treatment.However,the development of a non-invasive drug reporting platf...Real-time tracking drug release behavior is fundamentally important for avoiding adverse effects or unsuccessful treatment in personalizemedical treatment.However,the development of a non-invasive drug reporting platform still remains challenging.Herein the design of a novelsyn thetic magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)agent for drug release tracking(SMART)is reported,which integrates photothermal core andparamagnetic ion/drug loading shell with a thermal valve in a hybrid structure.Through near-infrared(NIR)-II photothermal effect originatingfrom inner Au-Cu9S5 nanohybrid core,burst release of drugs loaded in the mesoporous silica shell is achieved.The concomitant use of aphase change material not only prevents premature drug release,but also regulates heating effect,keeping local temperature below 45℃,enabling synergistic chemotherapy and mild hyperthermia in vitro and in vivo.Furthermore,the drug release from SMART facilitates protonaccessibility to the paramagnetic ions anchored inside mesopores channels,enhancing Iongitudinal T1 relaxation rate and displaying positivesignal correlation to the amount of released drug,thus allowing norvinvasive real-time monitoring of drug release event.The current studyhighlights the potential of designed MRI nanophores such as SMART for real-time and in-situ monitoring of drug delivery for precisionthera nostic applications.展开更多
文摘Multimodal imaging probes have attracted wide attention and have potential to diagnose diseases accurately because of the complementary advantages of multiple imaging modalities. However, intractable issues remain with regard to their complicated multi-step fabrication for hybrid nanostructure and interference of different modal imaging. In the present stud we present, for the first time, T1 and T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） of ultrasmaU Mn2＋-doped NaNdF4 nanocrystals （NCs）, which can also be used simultaneously for second near infrared （NIR-U） fluorescence and computed tomography （CT） imaging, thus enabling high-performance multimodal MRI/NIR-II/CT imaging of single NaNdF4：Mn NCs. The NaNdF4：Mn was demonstrated as a nanoprobe for in vitro and in vivo multimodal MRI and NIR-II fluorescence imaging of human mesenchymal stem cells. The results provide a new strategy to simplify the nanostructure and preparation of probes, based on the features of NaNdF4：Mn NCs, which offer highly efficient multimodal MRI/NIR-II/CT imaging.
基金The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NNSFC)(61525402,61775095)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20200092)+2 种基金Jiangsu Province Policy Guidance Plan(BZ2019014)Six talent peak innovation team in Jiangsu Province(TD-SWYY-009)“Taishan scholars”construction special fund of Shandong Province.
文摘Phototheranostics integrates deep-tissue imaging with phototherapy(containing photothermal therapy and photodynamic therapy),holding great promise in early diagnosis and precision treatment of cancers.Recently,second near-infrared(NIR-II)fluorescence imaging exhibits the merits of high accuracy and specificity,as well as real-time detection.Among the NIR-II fluorophores,organic small molecular fluorophores have shown superior properties in the biocompatibility,variable structure,and tunable emission wavelength than the inorganic NIR-II materials.What’s more,some small molecular fluorophores also display excellent cytotoxicity when illuminated with the NIR laser.This review summarizes the progress of small molecular NIR-II fluorophores with different central cores for cancer phototheranostics in the past few years,focusing on the molecular structures and phototheranostic performances.Furthermore,challenges and prospects of future development toward clinical translation are discussed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22074036).
文摘The small-molecule fluorophores for the second near-infrared(NIR-II,1000–1700 nm)window have attracted increasing attention in basic scientific research and preclinical practice owing to their deep-photo penetration,minimal physiological toxicity and simplicity of chemical modification.However,most of the reported small-molecule NIR-II fluorophores suffered from poor water solubility,which can easily cause organ toxicity.In addition,the aggregation caused by their poor water solubility in the aqueous solution would also result in weak fluorescence of these NIR-II fluorophores.Thus,it is highly desirable and valuable to develop water-soluble small-molecule NIR-II fluorophores with excellent photophysical properties for high-contrast in vivo imaging.In this review,we summarize the recent research advances in water-soluble small-molecule NIR-II fluorophores and highlight the representative bioimaging applications.Moreover,the potential challenges and perspectives of water-soluble small-molecule NIR-II fluorophores are discussed as well.We anticipate this review can help researchers to grab the latest information of water-soluble small-molecule fluorophores for NIR-II imaging,sequentially boosting their further development.
基金fundings from the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2016YFC1100300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81572108,81772339,8181101445,81811530750,81811530389,and 81972129)+5 种基金the Key Clinical Medicine Center of Shanghai(No.2017ZZ01006)Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen(No.SZSM201612078)Shanghai Rising-Star Project(No.18QB1400500)the Introduction Project of Clinical Medicine Expert Team for Suzhou(No.SZYJTD201714)Development Project of Shanghai Peak Disciplines-Integrative Medicine(No.20180101)Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology(Nos.19441901600 and 19441902000).
文摘The in vivo spatio-temporal patterns of neovascularization are still poorly understood because it is limited to multi-scale techniques from the cellular level to living animal level.Owing to deep tissue-penetration and zero autofluorescence background,the second near-infrared(NIR-II,1,000–1,700 nm)fluorescence imaging recently shows promise in breaking through this dilemma by dynamically tracking the pathophysiological process of neovascularization in vivo.Here,NIR-II fluorescence imaging was recruited for monitoring blood vessels in order to visualize the vascular injury and quantitively assess neovascularization in mouse models of acute skeleton muscle contusion and hindlimb ischemia.The temporal analysis of real-time NIR-II fluorescence intensity demonstrated that the blood flow perfusion of ischemia area was able to rapidly restore to 96%of pre-ischemic state within one week.Moreover,the spatial analysis revealed that the lower and outer quadrants of ischemia area in the mouse model of hindlimb ischemia always had relatively high blood flow perfusion compared with other quadrants during three weeks post-ischemia,and even exceeded pre-ischemic quantity at 21 days post-ischemia.In conclusion,this in vivo imaging technique has significant potential utility for studying the spatio-temporal patterns of neovascularization in vivo.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81773642 and 52073139)the Postdoctoral Research Foundation of China(Nos.2020TQ0253 and 2020M682927).
文摘Oral cancer is a common malignant tumor of the head and neck,and surgery combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy is the primary treatment modality.However,a positive resection margin that may lead to recurrence after surgery has always been a critical issue to address.Furthermore,radiotherapy and chemotherapy also have shortcomings such as resistance to chemotherapy and radiation,lack of targeting,and severe side effects.Therefore,exploring new methods of tumor surgical navigation and tumor treatment is of great significance for oral cancer.Although,the emerging near-infrared II(NIR-II,1,000–1,700 nm)region fluorescent imaging has revolutionized surgical navigation,a high tumor-targeting fluorescent probe remains lacking.Furthermore,while emerging photothermal therapy(PTT)can overcome chemoradiotherapy’s shortcomings and achieve precise treatment of tumors,its clinical application is still limited by the lack of high photothermal conversion efficiency,high photothermal stability,and highly penetrating materials.Herein,a NIR-II dye SQ890 is developed for tumor imaging and PTT of oral cancer.By assembling into nanoparticles(NPs)and being modified with epithelial growth factor receptor(EGFR)-targeting peptides GE11,SQ890 NPs-Pep can specifically accumulate in tumor sites via active targeting,and realize photoacoustic/NIR-II fluorescence dual-modality imaging-guided PTT of oral cancer.
基金Guangdong Provincial Department of Science and Technology-key research and development project(No.2020B1111160003)Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission technology breakthrough project(No.JSGG20191231141403880)+1 种基金Shenzhen San-Ming Project(No.SZSM201809085)Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission general project(No.JCYJ20180504165657443)。
文摘Early detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection is an efficient way to prevent the spread of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Detecting SARS-CoV-2 antigen can be rapid and convenient,but it is still challenging to develop highly sensitive methods for effective diagnosis.Herein,a lateral flow assay(LFA)based on fluorescent nanoparticles emitting in the second near-infrared(NIR-II)window is developed for sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2 antigen.Benefiting from the NIR-II fluorescence with high penetration and low autofluorescence,such NIR-II based LFA allows enhanced signal-to-background ratio,and the limit of detection is down to 0.01 ng·mL^(−1)of SARS-CoV-2 antigen.In the clinical swab sample tests,the NIR-II LFA outperforms the colloidal gold LFA with higher overall percent agreement with the polymerase chain reaction test.The clinical samples with low antigen concentrations(~0.015–~0.068 ng·mL^(−1))can be successfully detected by the NIR-II LFA,but fail for the colloidal gold LFA.The NIR-II LFA can provide a promising platform for highly sensitive,rapid,and cost-effective method for early diagnosis and mass screening of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(Nos.20212BAB214005 and 20212ACB214002)the Research startup fund of East China Jiaotong University(No.465).
文摘Optical imaging possesses important implications for early disease diagnosis,timely disease treatment,and basic medical as well as biological research.Compared with the traditionary near-infrared(NIR-I)window(650-950 nm)optical imaging,the emerging second near-infrared(NIR-II)window optical imaging technology owns the great superiorities of non-invasiveness,nonionizing radiation,and real-time dynamic imaging with the low biological interference,can significantly improve the tissue penetration depth and detection sensitivity,thus expecting to achieve accurate and precise diagnosis of major diseases.Inspired by the conspicuous superiorities,an increasing number of versatile NIR-II fluorophores have been legitimately designed and engineered for precisely deep-tissue mapping-mediated theranostics of life-threatening diseases.Organic semiconducting nanomaterials(OSNs)are derived from organic conjugated molecules withπ-electron delocalized skeletons,which show greatly preponderant prospects in the biomedicine field due to the excellent photoelectric property,tunable energy bands,and fine biocompatibility.In this review,the superiorities of NIR-II fluorescence imaging using OSNs for brilliant visualization various of diseases,including tongue cancer,ovarian cancer,osteosarcoma,bacteria or pathogens infection,kidney dysfunction,rheumatoid arthritis,liver injury,and cerebrovascular function,are emphatically summarized.Finally,the reasonable prospects and persistent efforts for repurposing OSNs to facilitate the clinical translation of NIR-II fluorescence phototheranostics are outlined.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.92061201,21825106,and 21801228)the Program for Innovative Research Team(in Science and Technology)in Universities of Henan Province(No.19IRTSTHN022)Zhengzhou University。
文摘The intermetallic synergy plays a critical role in exploring the chemical-physical properties of metal nanoclusters.However,the controlled doping or layer-by-layer alloying of atom-precise metal nanoclusters(NCs)has long been a challenging pursuit.In this work,two novel alloy nanoclusters[PPh_(4)]_(4)[Ag_(32)Cu_(18)(PFBT)_(36)]((AgCu)_(50))and[PPh_(4)]_(4)[Au_(12)Ag_(20)Cu_(18)(PFBT)_(36)](Au_(12)(AgCu)_(38)),where PFBT is pentafluorobenzenethiolate,with shell-by-shell configuration of M_(12)@Ag_(20)@Cu_(18)(PFBT)_(36)(M=Ag/Au)were synthesized by a facile one-pot co-reduction method.Notably,a fingerprint library of[Ag_(50)−xCux(PFBT)_(36)]^(4−)(x=0 to 50)from Ag_(50)to Cu_(50)has been successfully established as revealed by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of trimetallic Au_(12)(AgCu)_(38)confirmed the layer-by-layer alloying under reducing conditions.What is more,(AgCu)_(50)and Au12(AgCu)_(38)both show broad photoluminescence(PL)peak in the second near-infrared(NIR-II)window,and the Au doping in the innermost shell considerably enhances the photoluminescence intensity.This work not only offers an insight in the process of metal cluster alloying but also provides a platform to study the doping-directed PL properties in the multimetallic cluster system.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22174070 and 22205115)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20230060)+4 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu University(No.21KJB150022)the Research startup fund of NJUPT(No.NY220149)Natural Science Foundation of NJUPT(No.NY221088)the Project of State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays,Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications(Nos.GZR2022010012 and GZR2023010022)the Synergetic Innovation Center for Organic Electronics and Information Displays for the financial support.
文摘Semiconducting polymer nanoparticles(SPNs)have shown great promise in second near-infrared window(NIR-II)phototheranostics.However,the issue of long metabolic time significantly restricts the clinical application of SPNs.In this study,we rationally designed a biodegradable SPN(BSPN50)for NIR-II fluorescence imaging-guided photodynamic therapy(PDT).BSPN50 is prepared by encapsulating a biodegradable SP(BSP50)with an amphiphilic copolymer F-127.BSP50 is composed of NIR-II fluorescent diketopyrrolopyrrole(DPP)segment and degradable poly(phenylenevinylene)(PPV)segment with the ratio of 50/50.BSPN50 has both satisfactory degradability under myeloperoxidase(MPO)/hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))and NIR-II fluorescence emission upon 808 nm laser excitation.Furthermore,BSPN50 shows good photodynamic efficacy under 808 nm laser irradiation.BSPN50 shows a faster degradation rate than BSPN100 which has no PPV segment both in vitro and in vivo.In addition,BSPN50 can effectively diagnose tumor via NIR-II fluorescence imaging and inhibit the tumor growth by PDT.Thus,our study provides a rational approach to construct biodegradable nanoplatforms for efficient tumor NIR-II phototheranostics.
基金This work was supported by the financial aid from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22020102003,21834007,and 52103276)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2020YFA0712102)+2 种基金the Program of Science and Technology Development Plan of Jilin Province of China(No.20220508076RC)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province of China(No.2022A1515010947)Guangzhou Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.202201011343).
文摘Achieving efficient integration of cancer diagnosis and therapy is of great significance to human health,but the construction of a multifunctional intelligent therapy system still faces great challenges.In this study,we report an integrated multifunctional nanocomposite constructed by a simple modular assembly technology.The nanocomposites are composed of three different nanomaterials:Fe_(3)O_(4),Au,and NaErF_(4):0.5%Tm@NaYF_(4)upconversion nanoparticles(UCNPs).In this design,Fe_(3)O_(4)nanoparticles have nanozyme effect of peroxidase-like activity,which can react with H_(2)O_(2)in the tumor microenvironment to generate hydroxyl radicals.Because of its magnetic properties,it can help the nanocomposites to aggregate under the induction of magnetic fields.Au nanoparticles exhibit nanozyme effect of glucose oxidase-like activity.It can catalyze the conversion of glucose to gluconic acid and H_(2)O_(2).Ingeniously,the generated H_(2)O_(2)provides a source of reactants for the reaction of the Fe_(3)O_(4)nanozyme.In addition,the photothermal effect of Au nanoparticles under 808 nm irradiation further enhanced the nanozyme activity of Fe_(3)O_(4)and Au nanoparticles.Besides,UCNPs can emit near-infrared(NIR)-II fluorescence under 808 nm irradiation,which can provide imaging-guided during cancer treatment.Then,the nanocomposites were further modified by poly(vinylpyrrolidone)(PVP)to obtain UCNPs/Au/Fe_(3)O_(4)-PVP with good biocompatibility and high-efficiency cancer treatment ability.
基金This work was supported by the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by Tianjin(No.0701320001)major special project of Tianjin(No.0402080005).
文摘Emerging nanozymes with natural enzyme-mimicking catalytic activities have inspired extensive research interests due to their high stability,low cost,and simple preparation,especially in the field of catalytic tumor therapy.Here,bio-breakable nanozymes based on glucose-oxidase(GOx)-loaded biomimetic Au–Ag hollow nanotriangles(Au–Ag–GOx HTNs)are designed,and they trigger an near-infrared(NIR)-II-driven plasmon-enhanced cascade catalytic reaction through regulating tumor microenvironment(TME)for highly efficient tumor therapy.Firstly,GOx can effectively trigger the generation of gluconic acid(H+)and hydrogen peroxide(H2O2),thus depleting nutrients in the tumor cells as well as modifying TME to provide conditions for subsequent peroxidase(POD)-like activity.Secondly,NIR-II induced surface plasmon resonance can induce hot electrons to enhance the catalytic activity of Au–Ag–GOx HTNs,eventually boosting the generation of hydroxyl radicals(•OH).Interestingly,the generated H2O2 and H+can simultaneously induce the degradation of Ag nanoprisms to break the intact triangle nanostructure,thus promoting the excretion of Au–Ag–GOx HTNs to avoid the potential risks of drug metabolism.Overall,the NIR-II driven plasmon-enhanced catalytic mechanism of this bio-breakable nanozyme provides a promising approach for the development of nanozymes in tumor therapy.
基金This work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21473243)Six Talent Peaks Project in Jiangsu Province(No.SWYY-243).
文摘Real-time tracking drug release behavior is fundamentally important for avoiding adverse effects or unsuccessful treatment in personalizemedical treatment.However,the development of a non-invasive drug reporting platform still remains challenging.Herein the design of a novelsyn thetic magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)agent for drug release tracking(SMART)is reported,which integrates photothermal core andparamagnetic ion/drug loading shell with a thermal valve in a hybrid structure.Through near-infrared(NIR)-II photothermal effect originatingfrom inner Au-Cu9S5 nanohybrid core,burst release of drugs loaded in the mesoporous silica shell is achieved.The concomitant use of aphase change material not only prevents premature drug release,but also regulates heating effect,keeping local temperature below 45℃,enabling synergistic chemotherapy and mild hyperthermia in vitro and in vivo.Furthermore,the drug release from SMART facilitates protonaccessibility to the paramagnetic ions anchored inside mesopores channels,enhancing Iongitudinal T1 relaxation rate and displaying positivesignal correlation to the amount of released drug,thus allowing norvinvasive real-time monitoring of drug release event.The current studyhighlights the potential of designed MRI nanophores such as SMART for real-time and in-situ monitoring of drug delivery for precisionthera nostic applications.
