Stem cell transplantation has brought new hope for the treatment of neurological diseases.The key to stem cell therapy lies in inducing the specific differentiation of stem cells into nerve cells.Because the different...Stem cell transplantation has brought new hope for the treatment of neurological diseases.The key to stem cell therapy lies in inducing the specific differentiation of stem cells into nerve cells.Because the differentiation of stem cells in vitro and in vivo is affected by multiple factors,the final differentiation outcome is strongly associated with the microenvironment in which the stem cells are located.Accordingly,the optimal microenvironment for inducing stem cell differentiation is a hot topic.EGb761 is extracted from the leaves of the Ginkgo biloba tree.It is used worldwide and is becoming one of the focuses of stem cell research.Studies have shown that EGb761 can antagonize oxygen free radicals,stabilize cell membranes,promote neurogenesis and synaptogenesis,increase the level of brain-derived neurotrophic factors,and replicate the environment required during the differentiation of stem cells into nerve cells.This offers the possibility of using EGb761 to induce the differentiation of stem cells,facilitating stem cell transplantation.To provide a comprehensive reference for the future application of EGb761 in stem cell therapy,we reviewed studies investigating the influence of EGb761 on stem cells.These started with the composition and neuropharmacology of EGb761,and eventually led to the finding that EGb761 and some of its important components play important roles in the differentiation of stem cells and the protection of a beneficial microenvironment for stem cell transplantation.展开更多
A continuum based model is presented which identifies a favorable set of operational conditions whereby an effective and efficient electromagnetically induced vibratory motion can proceed within an induction system.Sp...A continuum based model is presented which identifies a favorable set of operational conditions whereby an effective and efficient electromagnetically induced vibratory motion can proceed within an induction system.Specifically, an analytical assessment is presented for the electromagnetic field and the electromagnetically induced acoustic field, with parametric factors incorporated into the model to permit a normal modes solution for the acoustic field which here is sensitive to the compliance of both the molten metal and the wall,as well as electromagnetic properties of the metal.A parametric analysis is presented which identifies the importance of matching the mechanical impedances of the melt-wall configuration so that the generation of acoustic energy within the melt system can be more effectively utilized.Relatively straight-forward calculations,presented for the acoustic field,may provide a more computationally efficient means for implementing process simulation studies for these systems.展开更多
The motion of an inductively heated fluid volume of cylindrical shape is assessed based on time dependent oscillatory components of the Lorentz force.The applications considered include vibratory motion in a channel i...The motion of an inductively heated fluid volume of cylindrical shape is assessed based on time dependent oscillatory components of the Lorentz force.The applications considered include vibratory motion in a channel induction furnace and vibratory motion in an electromagnetically excited direct chill casting.The governing equations for the resulting magnetoacoustic problem are presented with the acoustic field solutions expressed in terms of normal modes. Closed form expressions are developed for the velocity,pressure and phase relationships between the excitation and the response.Calculations are prescribed for the pressure in both the channel furnace and the direct chill casting,with the calculational results from the casting application suggesting that,roughly,a two-fold increase in the effective peak acoustic pressure can be achieved by superimposing on the AC electromagnetic field a DC magnetic field of strength sufficient to match the peak alternating magnetic field.A procedure is also outlined for developing field descriptions of the velocity and pressure which can be effected in a MATLAB environ.展开更多
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81501185(to CR)the Key Research&Development Project of Shandong Province of China,No.2017GSF218043(to CR)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Yantai of China,No.2016WS017(to LNG),2017WS105(to HL)
文摘Stem cell transplantation has brought new hope for the treatment of neurological diseases.The key to stem cell therapy lies in inducing the specific differentiation of stem cells into nerve cells.Because the differentiation of stem cells in vitro and in vivo is affected by multiple factors,the final differentiation outcome is strongly associated with the microenvironment in which the stem cells are located.Accordingly,the optimal microenvironment for inducing stem cell differentiation is a hot topic.EGb761 is extracted from the leaves of the Ginkgo biloba tree.It is used worldwide and is becoming one of the focuses of stem cell research.Studies have shown that EGb761 can antagonize oxygen free radicals,stabilize cell membranes,promote neurogenesis and synaptogenesis,increase the level of brain-derived neurotrophic factors,and replicate the environment required during the differentiation of stem cells into nerve cells.This offers the possibility of using EGb761 to induce the differentiation of stem cells,facilitating stem cell transplantation.To provide a comprehensive reference for the future application of EGb761 in stem cell therapy,we reviewed studies investigating the influence of EGb761 on stem cells.These started with the composition and neuropharmacology of EGb761,and eventually led to the finding that EGb761 and some of its important components play important roles in the differentiation of stem cells and the protection of a beneficial microenvironment for stem cell transplantation.
文摘A continuum based model is presented which identifies a favorable set of operational conditions whereby an effective and efficient electromagnetically induced vibratory motion can proceed within an induction system.Specifically, an analytical assessment is presented for the electromagnetic field and the electromagnetically induced acoustic field, with parametric factors incorporated into the model to permit a normal modes solution for the acoustic field which here is sensitive to the compliance of both the molten metal and the wall,as well as electromagnetic properties of the metal.A parametric analysis is presented which identifies the importance of matching the mechanical impedances of the melt-wall configuration so that the generation of acoustic energy within the melt system can be more effectively utilized.Relatively straight-forward calculations,presented for the acoustic field,may provide a more computationally efficient means for implementing process simulation studies for these systems.
基金the Center for International Programs at the University of Dayton for support that facilitated collaborative aspects of this study
文摘The motion of an inductively heated fluid volume of cylindrical shape is assessed based on time dependent oscillatory components of the Lorentz force.The applications considered include vibratory motion in a channel induction furnace and vibratory motion in an electromagnetically excited direct chill casting.The governing equations for the resulting magnetoacoustic problem are presented with the acoustic field solutions expressed in terms of normal modes. Closed form expressions are developed for the velocity,pressure and phase relationships between the excitation and the response.Calculations are prescribed for the pressure in both the channel furnace and the direct chill casting,with the calculational results from the casting application suggesting that,roughly,a two-fold increase in the effective peak acoustic pressure can be achieved by superimposing on the AC electromagnetic field a DC magnetic field of strength sufficient to match the peak alternating magnetic field.A procedure is also outlined for developing field descriptions of the velocity and pressure which can be effected in a MATLAB environ.
