Purpose: When hypertonic solution 20% mannitol solution was injected into vein, inflammatory mediators and Mitogen-activated protein kinases activated by mannitol can directly induce the fading of vascular endothelial...Purpose: When hypertonic solution 20% mannitol solution was injected into vein, inflammatory mediators and Mitogen-activated protein kinases activated by mannitol can directly induce the fading of vascular endothelial cell, which leads to phlebitis. The study aims to observe the influences of reparil-gel N coated at the proximal parts of the puncture point and basing on this along with infusing heated mannitol to veins to the injure and ultrastructure of veins which were infused the 20% mannitol solution by indwelling needle in vein. Methodology: There are 15 adult New Zealand rabbits. We randomly divided 24 ear veins of 12 adult New Zealand rabbits into Control group, Gelatum group, Gel heated group and injected 20% mannitol solution by vein detained needle in three groups. In Gelatum group, we coated the proximal end of the puncture point with a thin layer of compound aescine gel. Based on Gelatum group, we heated 20% mannitol solution to 35oC-37oC in Gel heated group. Then we observed the intravenous parts and took the veins of each group out to observe their morphology and ultrastructural after the second day of transfusion. 6 ear veins of the rest 3 rabbits as Health group weren’t given any interventions, the veins were taken out to observe their morphology. Results: Comparison between Gelatum group and Gelatum heated group on vascular dilatation, Infiltration of inflammatory cell and Formation of thrombus had no significance, P> 0.05, while the case was different for the comparison on injury of vascular wall, perivascular edema and perivascular hemorrhage, P< 0.05). The statistical significance exists between control group and Gelatum group and Gel heated group, P< 0.05. It was observed under the electron microscope that, in control group, the membrane of endothelial cell peeled off and the mitochondria swelled and vacuolized. In Gelatum group, the membrane of endothelial cell was defective, the parts of the mitochondria were fuzzy, intercellular substance was slightly edematous. In Gel heated group, the 展开更多
●AIM:To explore whether autophagy functions as a cellular adaptation mechanism in lens epithelial cells(LECs)under hyperosmotic stress.●METHODS:LECs were treated with hyperosmotic stress at the concentration of 270,...●AIM:To explore whether autophagy functions as a cellular adaptation mechanism in lens epithelial cells(LECs)under hyperosmotic stress.●METHODS:LECs were treated with hyperosmotic stress at the concentration of 270,300,400,500,or 600 mOsm for 6,12,18,24h in vitro.Polymerase chain reaction(PCR)was employed for the mRNA expression of autophagyrelated genes,while Western blotting detected the targeted protein expression.The transfection of stub-RFP-sens-GFPLC3 autophagy-related double fluorescence lentivirus was conducted to detect the level of autophagy flux.Scanning electron microscopy was used to detect the existence of autolysosome.Short interfering RNA of autophagy-related gene(ATG)7,transient receptor potential vanilloid(TRPV)1 overexpression plasmid,related agonists and inhibitors were employed to their influence on autophagy related pathway.Flow cytometry was employed to test the apoptosis and intracellular Ca^(2+)level.Mitochondrial membrane potential was measured by JC-1 staining.The cell counting kit-8 assay was used to calculate the cellular viability.The wound healing assay was used to evaluate the wound closure rate.GraphPad 6.0 software was utilized to evaluate the data.●RESULTS:The hyperosmotic stress activated autophagy in a pressure-and time-dependent manner in LECs.Beclin 1 protein expression and conversion of LC3B II to LC3B I increased,whereas sequestosome-1(SQSTM1)protein expression decreased.Transient Ca^(2+)influx was stimulated caused by hyperosmotic stress,levels of mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)phosphorylation decreased,and the level of AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK)phosphorylation increased in the early stage.Based on this evidence,autophagy activation through the Ca^(2+)-dependent AMPK/mTOR pathway might represent an adaptation process in LECs under hyperosmotic stress.Hyperosmotic stress decreased cellular viability and accelerated apoptosis in LECs and cellular migration decreased.Inhibition of autophagy by ATG7 knockdown had similar results.TRPV1 overexpression increase展开更多
Calli and adventitious buds induced from different explants such as young stems and leaves of tomato variety Moneymaker,and mature embryos and young spikelets of rice variety TP309 were used to establish hyperosmotic ...Calli and adventitious buds induced from different explants such as young stems and leaves of tomato variety Moneymaker,and mature embryos and young spikelets of rice variety TP309 were used to establish hyperosmotic transformation system at various osmotica treatments.The results revealed that the calli induced from tomato young leaves and rice young spikelets were the ideal transfomation acceptor.The cells of calli were still vigorous when treated with 0.75 mol/L hyperosmotic solution for 4 hours.The differentiation rates of calli varied from 7.5% to 93.3% in different media.The bud differentiation was apparently inhibited by hyperosmotic treatments.0.75mol/L sucrose hypertonic solution and 0.2mol/L CaCl2 solution were favorable hyperosmoticum and hypcosmoticum respectively.展开更多
Objective:To test six osmotic stressors as alternative methods to control Acanthaster planci(A.planci)outbreaks by exploiting their incapacity to tolerate drastic changes in osmolarity.Finding more effective ways to c...Objective:To test six osmotic stressors as alternative methods to control Acanthaster planci(A.planci)outbreaks by exploiting their incapacity to tolerate drastic changes in osmolarity.Finding more effective ways to control A.planci outbreaks is one of the most immediate and effective ways by which to reverse rapid declines in the abundance of live coral cover in the Indo-Pacific.Methods:A total of 10 mL of each of the following chemicals:sodium chloride,ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid,sodium carbonate,sodium cholate,sodium deoxycholate,urea and mannitol were injected into individual healthy sea stars to examine which chemicals induced disease and death.Results:Four out of six chemicals used in this study induced disease.Sodium chloride,sodium cholate,sodium deoxycholate and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid are capable of inducing death in injected sea stars offering an alternative option to control A.planci outbreaks.Conclusions:Hyperosmotic stress is a viable alternative to control A.planci outbreaks as massive cell death results when acute hypertonicity exceeds a certain level.展开更多
目的:对比肌骨超声影像引导高渗葡萄糖(hyperosmotic glucose,HG)与糖皮质激素(glucocorticoid,GC)注射治疗网球肘的疗效和安全性,为临床选择不同治疗方案提供参考。方法:收集2017年7月至2018年12月在中山大学附属第三医院康复科门诊行...目的:对比肌骨超声影像引导高渗葡萄糖(hyperosmotic glucose,HG)与糖皮质激素(glucocorticoid,GC)注射治疗网球肘的疗效和安全性,为临床选择不同治疗方案提供参考。方法:收集2017年7月至2018年12月在中山大学附属第三医院康复科门诊行肌骨超声影像引导注射治疗的网球肘患者,按注射药物不同分为HG组和GC组,对两组患者注射前、注射后1个月、注射后3个月、注射后6个月的疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)、Mayo肘关节功能评分(Mayo elbow performance score,MEPS)、臂、肩、手功能障碍(disabilities of the arm shoulder and hand,DASH)值和不良反应进行比较。结果:共纳入患者31例,患肘35例,HG组17例,GC组18例。与注射前相比,两组患者注射后1个月、3个月、6个月的VAS评分、MEPS评分和DASH值均显著改善(P<0.05)。GC组患者注射后1个月疗效显著,注射后3个月、6个月疗效维持;HG组注射后1个月疗效明显(P<0.05),注射后3个月疗效更优于注射后1个月(P<0.05),注射后6个月疗效维持。两组相比,注射后1个月、3个月、6个月的VAS评分、MEPS评分、DASH值,GC组较HG组改善更明显(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗后均未出现明显不良反应。结论:肌骨超声影像引导HG与GC注射治疗网球肘均安全、有效;注射后6个月内GC组的疗效优于HG组;该研究结果为网球肘的个体化治疗方案提供更多选择。展开更多
文摘Purpose: When hypertonic solution 20% mannitol solution was injected into vein, inflammatory mediators and Mitogen-activated protein kinases activated by mannitol can directly induce the fading of vascular endothelial cell, which leads to phlebitis. The study aims to observe the influences of reparil-gel N coated at the proximal parts of the puncture point and basing on this along with infusing heated mannitol to veins to the injure and ultrastructure of veins which were infused the 20% mannitol solution by indwelling needle in vein. Methodology: There are 15 adult New Zealand rabbits. We randomly divided 24 ear veins of 12 adult New Zealand rabbits into Control group, Gelatum group, Gel heated group and injected 20% mannitol solution by vein detained needle in three groups. In Gelatum group, we coated the proximal end of the puncture point with a thin layer of compound aescine gel. Based on Gelatum group, we heated 20% mannitol solution to 35oC-37oC in Gel heated group. Then we observed the intravenous parts and took the veins of each group out to observe their morphology and ultrastructural after the second day of transfusion. 6 ear veins of the rest 3 rabbits as Health group weren’t given any interventions, the veins were taken out to observe their morphology. Results: Comparison between Gelatum group and Gelatum heated group on vascular dilatation, Infiltration of inflammatory cell and Formation of thrombus had no significance, P> 0.05, while the case was different for the comparison on injury of vascular wall, perivascular edema and perivascular hemorrhage, P< 0.05). The statistical significance exists between control group and Gelatum group and Gel heated group, P< 0.05. It was observed under the electron microscope that, in control group, the membrane of endothelial cell peeled off and the mitochondria swelled and vacuolized. In Gelatum group, the membrane of endothelial cell was defective, the parts of the mitochondria were fuzzy, intercellular substance was slightly edematous. In Gel heated group, the
文摘●AIM:To explore whether autophagy functions as a cellular adaptation mechanism in lens epithelial cells(LECs)under hyperosmotic stress.●METHODS:LECs were treated with hyperosmotic stress at the concentration of 270,300,400,500,or 600 mOsm for 6,12,18,24h in vitro.Polymerase chain reaction(PCR)was employed for the mRNA expression of autophagyrelated genes,while Western blotting detected the targeted protein expression.The transfection of stub-RFP-sens-GFPLC3 autophagy-related double fluorescence lentivirus was conducted to detect the level of autophagy flux.Scanning electron microscopy was used to detect the existence of autolysosome.Short interfering RNA of autophagy-related gene(ATG)7,transient receptor potential vanilloid(TRPV)1 overexpression plasmid,related agonists and inhibitors were employed to their influence on autophagy related pathway.Flow cytometry was employed to test the apoptosis and intracellular Ca^(2+)level.Mitochondrial membrane potential was measured by JC-1 staining.The cell counting kit-8 assay was used to calculate the cellular viability.The wound healing assay was used to evaluate the wound closure rate.GraphPad 6.0 software was utilized to evaluate the data.●RESULTS:The hyperosmotic stress activated autophagy in a pressure-and time-dependent manner in LECs.Beclin 1 protein expression and conversion of LC3B II to LC3B I increased,whereas sequestosome-1(SQSTM1)protein expression decreased.Transient Ca^(2+)influx was stimulated caused by hyperosmotic stress,levels of mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)phosphorylation decreased,and the level of AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK)phosphorylation increased in the early stage.Based on this evidence,autophagy activation through the Ca^(2+)-dependent AMPK/mTOR pathway might represent an adaptation process in LECs under hyperosmotic stress.Hyperosmotic stress decreased cellular viability and accelerated apoptosis in LECs and cellular migration decreased.Inhibition of autophagy by ATG7 knockdown had similar results.TRPV1 overexpression increase
文摘Calli and adventitious buds induced from different explants such as young stems and leaves of tomato variety Moneymaker,and mature embryos and young spikelets of rice variety TP309 were used to establish hyperosmotic transformation system at various osmotica treatments.The results revealed that the calli induced from tomato young leaves and rice young spikelets were the ideal transfomation acceptor.The cells of calli were still vigorous when treated with 0.75 mol/L hyperosmotic solution for 4 hours.The differentiation rates of calli varied from 7.5% to 93.3% in different media.The bud differentiation was apparently inhibited by hyperosmotic treatments.0.75mol/L sucrose hypertonic solution and 0.2mol/L CaCl2 solution were favorable hyperosmoticum and hypcosmoticum respectively.
基金Supported by the Department of Sustainability,Environment,Water,Population&Communities-National Environmental Research Program-Tropical Ecosystems Hub.Grant-Research on early intervention options for outbreaks of crown-of-thorns starfish on the Great Barrier Reef.
文摘Objective:To test six osmotic stressors as alternative methods to control Acanthaster planci(A.planci)outbreaks by exploiting their incapacity to tolerate drastic changes in osmolarity.Finding more effective ways to control A.planci outbreaks is one of the most immediate and effective ways by which to reverse rapid declines in the abundance of live coral cover in the Indo-Pacific.Methods:A total of 10 mL of each of the following chemicals:sodium chloride,ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid,sodium carbonate,sodium cholate,sodium deoxycholate,urea and mannitol were injected into individual healthy sea stars to examine which chemicals induced disease and death.Results:Four out of six chemicals used in this study induced disease.Sodium chloride,sodium cholate,sodium deoxycholate and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid are capable of inducing death in injected sea stars offering an alternative option to control A.planci outbreaks.Conclusions:Hyperosmotic stress is a viable alternative to control A.planci outbreaks as massive cell death results when acute hypertonicity exceeds a certain level.
文摘目的:对比肌骨超声影像引导高渗葡萄糖(hyperosmotic glucose,HG)与糖皮质激素(glucocorticoid,GC)注射治疗网球肘的疗效和安全性,为临床选择不同治疗方案提供参考。方法:收集2017年7月至2018年12月在中山大学附属第三医院康复科门诊行肌骨超声影像引导注射治疗的网球肘患者,按注射药物不同分为HG组和GC组,对两组患者注射前、注射后1个月、注射后3个月、注射后6个月的疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)、Mayo肘关节功能评分(Mayo elbow performance score,MEPS)、臂、肩、手功能障碍(disabilities of the arm shoulder and hand,DASH)值和不良反应进行比较。结果:共纳入患者31例,患肘35例,HG组17例,GC组18例。与注射前相比,两组患者注射后1个月、3个月、6个月的VAS评分、MEPS评分和DASH值均显著改善(P<0.05)。GC组患者注射后1个月疗效显著,注射后3个月、6个月疗效维持;HG组注射后1个月疗效明显(P<0.05),注射后3个月疗效更优于注射后1个月(P<0.05),注射后6个月疗效维持。两组相比,注射后1个月、3个月、6个月的VAS评分、MEPS评分、DASH值,GC组较HG组改善更明显(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗后均未出现明显不良反应。结论:肌骨超声影像引导HG与GC注射治疗网球肘均安全、有效;注射后6个月内GC组的疗效优于HG组;该研究结果为网球肘的个体化治疗方案提供更多选择。
