通过理论分析和试验验证研究了液压缸运动的非线性动态特征。提出弹簧刚度随活塞位移变化和工作状态不同而呈现出软硬弹簧特性的非线性弹簧力特征,其作用效果可以用有阻尼的Duffing方程来近似描述;摩擦力随速度的变化遵循Streibeck曲线...通过理论分析和试验验证研究了液压缸运动的非线性动态特征。提出弹簧刚度随活塞位移变化和工作状态不同而呈现出软硬弹簧特性的非线性弹簧力特征,其作用效果可以用有阻尼的Duffing方程来近似描述;摩擦力随速度的变化遵循Streibeck曲线,其作用效果随工作点在曲线上所处区段而异,可以用van der Pol方程来近似描述。指出液压缸低速爬行是在特定工况下的“跳跃现象”、自激振动等多重作用的结果。展开更多
Flip buckets are commonly used to discharge flow away from a hydraulic structure into the downstream to dissipate energy.A new leak-floor flip bucket is presented,making the ski-jump water jet a typical long-narrow na...Flip buckets are commonly used to discharge flow away from a hydraulic structure into the downstream to dissipate energy.A new leak-floor flip bucket is presented,making the ski-jump water jet a typical long-narrow nappe.Based on the model experiments and numerical simulation,the flow pattern,formation process and mechanism of the leak-floor flip bucket are studied.The results show that cross section flow shape develops from the"Y-type"to"|-type",and this is because the natural pressure difference is generated when water flows through the leak-floor area and moves transversely from both sides to the center.Different from the slit-type flip bucket with sidewall contraction,the leak-floor flit bucket makes the water jet narrow and long without high pressure on the side walls of the flip bucket.Under the same jet length condition,the maximum sidewall pressure of the slit-type is 4.67 times that of the leak-floor flip bucket.The effects of flow discharge on the jet length are less significant for the leak-floor bucket than for the slit-type bucket.展开更多
The energy dissipation is a key index in the evaluation of energy dissipation elements.In the present work,a flip bucket with a slot,called the slot-type flip bucket,is theoretically and experimentally investigated by...The energy dissipation is a key index in the evaluation of energy dissipation elements.In the present work,a flip bucket with a slot,called the slot-type flip bucket,is theoretically and experimentally investigated by the method of estimating the energy dissipation.The theoretical analysis shows that,in order to have the energy dissipation,it is necessary to determine the sequent flow depth h1 and the flow speed V1 at the corresponding position through the flow depth h2 after the hydraulic jump.The relative flow depth h2/ho is a function of the approach flow Froude numberFro,the relative slot widthb/Bo,and the relative slot angleθ/β.The expression for estimating the energy dissipation is developed,and the maximum error is not larger than 9.21%.展开更多
文摘通过理论分析和试验验证研究了液压缸运动的非线性动态特征。提出弹簧刚度随活塞位移变化和工作状态不同而呈现出软硬弹簧特性的非线性弹簧力特征,其作用效果可以用有阻尼的Duffing方程来近似描述;摩擦力随速度的变化遵循Streibeck曲线,其作用效果随工作点在曲线上所处区段而异,可以用van der Pol方程来近似描述。指出液压缸低速爬行是在特定工况下的“跳跃现象”、自激振动等多重作用的结果。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51379138&51179113)Sichuan Province Funds for Distinguished Young Scientists(Grant No.2013JQ0007)
文摘Flip buckets are commonly used to discharge flow away from a hydraulic structure into the downstream to dissipate energy.A new leak-floor flip bucket is presented,making the ski-jump water jet a typical long-narrow nappe.Based on the model experiments and numerical simulation,the flow pattern,formation process and mechanism of the leak-floor flip bucket are studied.The results show that cross section flow shape develops from the"Y-type"to"|-type",and this is because the natural pressure difference is generated when water flows through the leak-floor area and moves transversely from both sides to the center.Different from the slit-type flip bucket with sidewall contraction,the leak-floor flit bucket makes the water jet narrow and long without high pressure on the side walls of the flip bucket.Under the same jet length condition,the maximum sidewall pressure of the slit-type is 4.67 times that of the leak-floor flip bucket.The effects of flow discharge on the jet length are less significant for the leak-floor bucket than for the slit-type bucket.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51579076,51479057)
文摘The energy dissipation is a key index in the evaluation of energy dissipation elements.In the present work,a flip bucket with a slot,called the slot-type flip bucket,is theoretically and experimentally investigated by the method of estimating the energy dissipation.The theoretical analysis shows that,in order to have the energy dissipation,it is necessary to determine the sequent flow depth h1 and the flow speed V1 at the corresponding position through the flow depth h2 after the hydraulic jump.The relative flow depth h2/ho is a function of the approach flow Froude numberFro,the relative slot widthb/Bo,and the relative slot angleθ/β.The expression for estimating the energy dissipation is developed,and the maximum error is not larger than 9.21%.
