Molecular chaperones are a family of proteins that were first noticed to exist about 45 years ago from their increased transcription under heat shock conditions.As a result,the regulation of their encoding genes has b...Molecular chaperones are a family of proteins that were first noticed to exist about 45 years ago from their increased transcription under heat shock conditions.As a result,the regulation of their encoding genes has been subject to extensive studies.Recent studies revealed that the biological activities of molecular chaperones can also be effectively modulated at the protein level.The ways of modulation so far elucidated include allosteric effect,covalent modification,protein-protein interaction,and con-formational alteration induced by such macro-environmental conditions as temperature and pH.These latter aspects were reviewed here.Emphasized here is the importance of such immediate structural alterations that lead to an immediate activity increase,providing the immediate protection needed for the cells to survive the stress conditions.展开更多
Heat shock proteins (Hsps) or molecular chaperones, are highly conserved protein families present in allstudied organisms. Following cellular stress, the intracellular concentration of Hsps generally increases several...Heat shock proteins (Hsps) or molecular chaperones, are highly conserved protein families present in allstudied organisms. Following cellular stress, the intracellular concentration of Hsps generally increases several folds.Hsps undergo ATP-driven conformational changes to stabilize unfolded proteins or unfold them for translocationacross membranes or mark them for degradation. They are broadly classified in several families according to theirmolecular weights and functional properties. Extensive studies during the past few decades suggest that Hsps play avital role in both normal cellular homeostasis and stress response. Hsps have been reported to interact with numeroussubstrates and are involved in many biological functions such as cellular communication, immune response, proteintransport, apoptosis, cell cycle regulation, gametogenesis and aging. The present review attempts to provide a briefoverview of various Hsps and summarizes their involvement in diverse biological activities.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos. 30570355 and 30670022)National Key Basic Research Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 2006CB806508 and 2006CB910300)
文摘Molecular chaperones are a family of proteins that were first noticed to exist about 45 years ago from their increased transcription under heat shock conditions.As a result,the regulation of their encoding genes has been subject to extensive studies.Recent studies revealed that the biological activities of molecular chaperones can also be effectively modulated at the protein level.The ways of modulation so far elucidated include allosteric effect,covalent modification,protein-protein interaction,and con-formational alteration induced by such macro-environmental conditions as temperature and pH.These latter aspects were reviewed here.Emphasized here is the importance of such immediate structural alterations that lead to an immediate activity increase,providing the immediate protection needed for the cells to survive the stress conditions.
基金Department of Biotechnology(DBT),Department of Science and Technology(DST),New Delhi and Delhi University Research and Development Grant to SS.DST-BOYSCAST fellowship to SS is also gratefully acknowledged.
文摘Heat shock proteins (Hsps) or molecular chaperones, are highly conserved protein families present in allstudied organisms. Following cellular stress, the intracellular concentration of Hsps generally increases several folds.Hsps undergo ATP-driven conformational changes to stabilize unfolded proteins or unfold them for translocationacross membranes or mark them for degradation. They are broadly classified in several families according to theirmolecular weights and functional properties. Extensive studies during the past few decades suggest that Hsps play avital role in both normal cellular homeostasis and stress response. Hsps have been reported to interact with numeroussubstrates and are involved in many biological functions such as cellular communication, immune response, proteintransport, apoptosis, cell cycle regulation, gametogenesis and aging. The present review attempts to provide a briefoverview of various Hsps and summarizes their involvement in diverse biological activities.
