Aims most pollinator fig wasps are host plant specific,with each spe-cies only breeding in the figs of one fig tree species,but increasing numbers of species are known to be pollinated by more than one fig wasp,and in...Aims most pollinator fig wasps are host plant specific,with each spe-cies only breeding in the figs of one fig tree species,but increasing numbers of species are known to be pollinated by more than one fig wasp,and in rare instances host switching can result in Ficus species sharing pollinators.in this study,we examined factors facilitating observed host switching at Xishuangbanna in southwestern(sW)China,where Ficus squamosa is at the northern edge of its range and lacks the fig wasps that pollinate it elsewhere,and its figs are colonized by a Ceratosolen pollinator that routinely breeds in figs of F.heterostyla.Methods We recorded the habitat preferences of F.squamosa and F.heterost-yla at Xishuangbanna,and compared characteristics such as fig size,location and colour at receptive phase.Furthermore,the vegetative and reproductive phenologies in the populations of F.squamosa and F.heterostyla were recorded weekly at Xishuangbanna Tropical botanical garden for 1 year.Important Findings Ficus squamosa is a shrub found near fast-flowing rivers,F.heterostyla is a small tree of disturbed forest edges.although preferring different habitats,they can be found growing close together.both species have figs located at or near ground level,but they differ in size when pollinated.Fig production in F.squamosa was concentrated in the colder months.F.heterostyla produced more figs in summer but had some through-out the year.The absence of its normal pollinators,in combination with similarly located figs and partially complementary fruiting patterns appear to have facilitated colonization of F.squamosa by the routine pollinator of F.heterostyla.The figs probably also share similar attractant volatiles.This host switching suggests one mechanism whereby fig trees can acquire new pollinators and emphasizes the likely significance of edges of ranges in the genesis of novel fig tree-fig wasp relationships.展开更多
[目的]探明柞蚕微粒子虫能否侵染非天然性宿主菜青虫。[方法]通过对纯化的柞蚕微粒子虫进行添食菜青虫,分析了不同浓度下柞蚕微孢子虫对菜青虫的侵染力差异,并采用SYBR Green I染液对菜青虫体液内的柞蚕微孢子虫进行染色,观察其形态。[...[目的]探明柞蚕微粒子虫能否侵染非天然性宿主菜青虫。[方法]通过对纯化的柞蚕微粒子虫进行添食菜青虫,分析了不同浓度下柞蚕微孢子虫对菜青虫的侵染力差异,并采用SYBR Green I染液对菜青虫体液内的柞蚕微孢子虫进行染色,观察其形态。[结果]柞蚕微粒子虫在转宿主情况下能够感染菜青虫,并且在特定浓度下能够在菜青虫体内大量增殖。[结论]为进一步开展柞蚕微粒子虫的非天然性寄生宿主范围以及转宿主后的分子机制研究奠定了基础。展开更多
基金The Chinese Natural Science Foundation(31372253,31120002)the Young and Middle Aged Academic Leaders of Yunnan Province(2011HB041)the CAS 135 program(XTBG-T01,XTBG-T01,F01).
文摘Aims most pollinator fig wasps are host plant specific,with each spe-cies only breeding in the figs of one fig tree species,but increasing numbers of species are known to be pollinated by more than one fig wasp,and in rare instances host switching can result in Ficus species sharing pollinators.in this study,we examined factors facilitating observed host switching at Xishuangbanna in southwestern(sW)China,where Ficus squamosa is at the northern edge of its range and lacks the fig wasps that pollinate it elsewhere,and its figs are colonized by a Ceratosolen pollinator that routinely breeds in figs of F.heterostyla.Methods We recorded the habitat preferences of F.squamosa and F.heterost-yla at Xishuangbanna,and compared characteristics such as fig size,location and colour at receptive phase.Furthermore,the vegetative and reproductive phenologies in the populations of F.squamosa and F.heterostyla were recorded weekly at Xishuangbanna Tropical botanical garden for 1 year.Important Findings Ficus squamosa is a shrub found near fast-flowing rivers,F.heterostyla is a small tree of disturbed forest edges.although preferring different habitats,they can be found growing close together.both species have figs located at or near ground level,but they differ in size when pollinated.Fig production in F.squamosa was concentrated in the colder months.F.heterostyla produced more figs in summer but had some through-out the year.The absence of its normal pollinators,in combination with similarly located figs and partially complementary fruiting patterns appear to have facilitated colonization of F.squamosa by the routine pollinator of F.heterostyla.The figs probably also share similar attractant volatiles.This host switching suggests one mechanism whereby fig trees can acquire new pollinators and emphasizes the likely significance of edges of ranges in the genesis of novel fig tree-fig wasp relationships.
文摘[目的]探明柞蚕微粒子虫能否侵染非天然性宿主菜青虫。[方法]通过对纯化的柞蚕微粒子虫进行添食菜青虫,分析了不同浓度下柞蚕微孢子虫对菜青虫的侵染力差异,并采用SYBR Green I染液对菜青虫体液内的柞蚕微孢子虫进行染色,观察其形态。[结果]柞蚕微粒子虫在转宿主情况下能够感染菜青虫,并且在特定浓度下能够在菜青虫体内大量增殖。[结论]为进一步开展柞蚕微粒子虫的非天然性寄生宿主范围以及转宿主后的分子机制研究奠定了基础。
