EREBP/AP2-type proteins are members of a large DNA binding protein (DBP) family found in plants. Some members like APETALA2 and AtDREB/CBF can regulate flower development and response to environmental stresses, respec...EREBP/AP2-type proteins are members of a large DNA binding protein (DBP) family found in plants. Some members like APETALA2 and AtDREB/CBF can regulate flower development and response to environmental stresses, respectively. To characterize transcription factors involved in plant responses to salt stress, we constructed cDNA library from salt-treated halophyte (Atriplex hortensis) and isolated a novel gene encoding EREBP/AP2-type protein from this library. This cDNA contained an ORF of 723 bp and a long 3'-Untranslated-Region (UTR) of 655 bp. The deduced amino acid sequence showed one conserved DNA binding domain of EREBP/AP2, thus the corresponding gene was named AhDREB1 with a calculated molecular mass of 26.1 kD. AhDREB1 under the control of CaMV 35S promoter was then transformed into tobacco and nine independent transgenic lines were obtained and subjected to long term salt stress. The results suggested that overexpression of AhDREB1 improved the salt tolerance in transgenic tobacco through functioning as a regulatory molecule in response to salt stress. Analysis of Arabidopsis genome in database resulted in dozens of EREBP/AP2-type homologous proteins, of which seven members showed high similarity to AhDREB1. Secondary structure analysis predicted similar arrangement of a-helix in their DNA binding domains.展开更多
Proline is one of the most important and widespread osmolyte which functions in adaptation to adverse environmental stresses in many organisms. Also it is an important carbon and nitrogen resource in higher plants. Me...Proline is one of the most important and widespread osmolyte which functions in adaptation to adverse environmental stresses in many organisms. Also it is an important carbon and nitrogen resource in higher plants. Metabolism of proline has been elucidated in many plant species. However, transport of proline was poorly characterized although transport system plays an important role in proline distribution in different tissues. We isolated one full_length cDNA encoding proline transporter from the typical halophyte: Atriplex hortensis L. through cDNA library screening and 5′_RACE. The deduced amino acid sequence had eleven transmembrane domains, showed 60%-69% similarities to other ProTs and the gene was designated AhProT1. In the phylogenetic tree, higher plants' ProTs, e.g. AhProT1, showed more similar to ProP from microorganisms than ProT from mammalians. AhProT1 gene was transformed into Arabidopsis thaliana under 35S promoter. In MS medium containing [U_ 14 C] proline, AhProT1 + plants were able to accumulate much more radiolabeled proline in the roots than control plants. In MS medium containing different concentrations of NaCl, AhProT1 + plants could endure 200 mmol/L NaCl and keep development and biomass increase with proline supply, whereas control plants died back at 150 mmol/L NaCl.展开更多
Thiacloprid is a new insecticide of the chloronicotinyl family. To assess its risk after application, residual characteristics of thiacloprid in marjoram, thyme, and camomile and in soil were studied under field condi...Thiacloprid is a new insecticide of the chloronicotinyl family. To assess its risk after application, residual characteristics of thiacloprid in marjoram, thyme, and camomile and in soil were studied under field conditions. The active ingredient was extracted from the plant material using a mixture of acetone-water. After filtration, the extract was concentrated to the aqueous phase, diluted with water, and portioned against ethyl acetate on a matrix solid phase dispersion column. Thiacloprid was extracted from soil using a mixture of methanol-water, filtered, and re.extracted （clean up） with dichloromethane. The residues were quantified using HPLC-MS-MS. The methods were validated by recovery experiments. Thiacloprid residues in marjoram, thyme, and camomile and in soil persisted beyond 10, 14, 14, and 21 d but no residues were detected after 14, 21, 21, and 28 d, respectively. The data obtained in this study indicated that the biexponential model is more suitable than the first-order function to describe the decline of thiacloprid in fresh marjoram, fresh thyme, and dried camomile flowers with half-life （t1/2） of 1.1, 0.7, and 1.2 d, respectively. However, both the first-order function and biexponential model were found to be applicable for dissipation of thiacloprid in soil with almost the same t1/2 values of 3.5 and 3.6 d. The results indicated that thiacloprid dissipates rapidly and does not accumulate in the tested herbs and in soil.展开更多
In this study, two Satureja L. species from different localities of Turkey （Satureja hortensis L. and Satureja boissieri Hausskn. ex Boiss.） have been studied to determine their taxonomic classification based on che...In this study, two Satureja L. species from different localities of Turkey （Satureja hortensis L. and Satureja boissieri Hausskn. ex Boiss.） have been studied to determine their taxonomic classification based on chemical characters. For this purpose, aerial parts of the studied taxa were investigated by HS-SPME/GC-MS. 28, 30 and 29 compounds were identified in S. boissieri from Sanhurfa, BingS1 and Malatya accounting from 90.80%, 91.31% and 92.67% of the whole oil, respectively. 26, 30 and 28 compounds were identified in S. hortensis from Adlyaman, Diyarbaklr, Elazl~ accounting from 93.20%, 92.85% and 92.42% of the whole oil, respectively, y-terpinene （30.4%, 26.5% and 32.1%）, carvacrol （26.4%, 25.2% and 23.3%） and p-cymene （10.5%, 13.2% and 10.4%） were determined as main compounds of S. boissieri in Sanhurfa, Bing6l and Malatya species, respectively. Carvacrol （25.0%, 34.1% and 32.1%）, thymol （28.2%, 20.2% and 28.1%） and y-terpinene （10.1%, 11.3% and 9.4%） were found as main constituents of S. hortensis in Adlyaman, Diyarbaklr and Elazl~ samples, respectively. The chemical distributions of the essential oil compounds in the Satureja pattern were discussed in respect to their chemotaxonomy and natural products.展开更多
Inulin and oligofructose that are used in animal nutrition originate from chicory roots. Chicory fructans were shown to be prebiotic （selectively interacting with intestinal bacterial ecosystem） in humans and in ani...Inulin and oligofructose that are used in animal nutrition originate from chicory roots. Chicory fructans were shown to be prebiotic （selectively interacting with intestinal bacterial ecosystem） in humans and in animals, including livestock and pets. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different levels of chicory and satureja hortensis root powders, which are commonly used as alternative to antibiotics, on performance and carcass characteristic of broilers. The study included 280 Ross 308 male broiler chicks （1-day old at the beginning of the study）. There were 7 treatment groups, each consisting of 4 replicates （10 chicks in each replicate）. Chicory root powder （CRP） were added in 2%, 4% and 6% doses and satureja hortensis root powder （SHRP） were added in 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.6% doses to starter and grower diets. The experiment lasted 42 days. Results showed that adding 2% of chicory root powder to the diet rather than control group, had significant effect on body weight gain （BWG）, feed intake （FI） and feed conversion rate （FCR）. All treatments of SHRP rather than control group significantly decreased FCR and feed intake. Treating with 6% CRP in days 1 to 21 in contrast to control group significantly decreased feed intake, but hadn＇t significant effect on FCR. Consequently we concluded that, using 2% CRP and different levels of SHRP had significant effect on performance and carcass characteristics of broilers.展开更多
采用土壤栽培方法,研究了在Cu添加量为0(CK)、200、400、600、800和1 000μg.g-1的土壤中溪荪(IrissanguineaDonn ex Horn.)和花菖蒲(I.ensataThunb.var. hortensis Makino et Nemoto)叶和根的数量、长度及生物量(干质量)6个生长指标的...采用土壤栽培方法,研究了在Cu添加量为0(CK)、200、400、600、800和1 000μg.g-1的土壤中溪荪(IrissanguineaDonn ex Horn.)和花菖蒲(I.ensataThunb.var. hortensis Makino et Nemoto)叶和根的数量、长度及生物量(干质量)6个生长指标的变化趋势,并对叶和根中的Cu含量和积累量、全株的Cu积累量、Cu的富集系数及转运系数进行了比较分析。结果表明:随土壤中Cu添加量的提高,溪荪的根数逐渐降低且显著低于对照;而溪荪的其余5个生长指标和花菖蒲的6个生长指标均总体呈现出在Cu添加量较低的条件下逐渐增加并显著高于对照、在Cu添加量较高的条件下逐渐减小且显著小于对照的变化趋势;其中在Cu添加量1 000μg.g-1的土壤中2种植物的生长均受到显著抑制(P<0.05);而添加400和600μg.g-1Cu则分别对2种植物的生长有一定的促进作用。随土壤中Cu添加量的增加,溪荪和花菖蒲叶及根中的Cu含量均逐渐提高;溪荪对Cu的富集系数和转运系数以及花菖蒲对Cu的富集系数均显著小于对照,而花菖蒲对Cu的转运系数则呈现在Cu添加量较低的条件下高于对照、Cu添加量较高的条件下低于对照并逐渐减小的趋势;在添加了Cu的土壤中,溪荪叶、根和全株对Cu的积累量均低于花菖蒲,但均显著高于对照,且2种植物根的Cu含量及积累量均大于叶片,表明溪荪和花菖蒲均具有一定的Cu积累能力,且主要积累在根中,花菖蒲对Cu的积累能力优于溪荪。综合分析结果显示:溪荪和花菖蒲不是Cu超积累植物,但对Cu胁迫均具有一定的耐性,且花菖蒲的耐性略强于溪荪;溪荪和花菖蒲分别适宜栽植于Cu含量400和600μg.g-1以下的土壤中,可用于轻度和中度Cu污染土壤的植物修复和环境美化。展开更多
文摘EREBP/AP2-type proteins are members of a large DNA binding protein (DBP) family found in plants. Some members like APETALA2 and AtDREB/CBF can regulate flower development and response to environmental stresses, respectively. To characterize transcription factors involved in plant responses to salt stress, we constructed cDNA library from salt-treated halophyte (Atriplex hortensis) and isolated a novel gene encoding EREBP/AP2-type protein from this library. This cDNA contained an ORF of 723 bp and a long 3'-Untranslated-Region (UTR) of 655 bp. The deduced amino acid sequence showed one conserved DNA binding domain of EREBP/AP2, thus the corresponding gene was named AhDREB1 with a calculated molecular mass of 26.1 kD. AhDREB1 under the control of CaMV 35S promoter was then transformed into tobacco and nine independent transgenic lines were obtained and subjected to long term salt stress. The results suggested that overexpression of AhDREB1 improved the salt tolerance in transgenic tobacco through functioning as a regulatory molecule in response to salt stress. Analysis of Arabidopsis genome in database resulted in dozens of EREBP/AP2-type homologous proteins, of which seven members showed high similarity to AhDREB1. Secondary structure analysis predicted similar arrangement of a-helix in their DNA binding domains.
文摘Proline is one of the most important and widespread osmolyte which functions in adaptation to adverse environmental stresses in many organisms. Also it is an important carbon and nitrogen resource in higher plants. Metabolism of proline has been elucidated in many plant species. However, transport of proline was poorly characterized although transport system plays an important role in proline distribution in different tissues. We isolated one full_length cDNA encoding proline transporter from the typical halophyte: Atriplex hortensis L. through cDNA library screening and 5′_RACE. The deduced amino acid sequence had eleven transmembrane domains, showed 60%-69% similarities to other ProTs and the gene was designated AhProT1. In the phylogenetic tree, higher plants' ProTs, e.g. AhProT1, showed more similar to ProP from microorganisms than ProT from mammalians. AhProT1 gene was transformed into Arabidopsis thaliana under 35S promoter. In MS medium containing [U_ 14 C] proline, AhProT1 + plants were able to accumulate much more radiolabeled proline in the roots than control plants. In MS medium containing different concentrations of NaCl, AhProT1 + plants could endure 200 mmol/L NaCl and keep development and biomass increase with proline supply, whereas control plants died back at 150 mmol/L NaCl.
基金Project supported by the Cooperative Program in Agricultural Science and Technology between China and Germany (No. 2004/2005-1).
文摘Thiacloprid is a new insecticide of the chloronicotinyl family. To assess its risk after application, residual characteristics of thiacloprid in marjoram, thyme, and camomile and in soil were studied under field conditions. The active ingredient was extracted from the plant material using a mixture of acetone-water. After filtration, the extract was concentrated to the aqueous phase, diluted with water, and portioned against ethyl acetate on a matrix solid phase dispersion column. Thiacloprid was extracted from soil using a mixture of methanol-water, filtered, and re.extracted （clean up） with dichloromethane. The residues were quantified using HPLC-MS-MS. The methods were validated by recovery experiments. Thiacloprid residues in marjoram, thyme, and camomile and in soil persisted beyond 10, 14, 14, and 21 d but no residues were detected after 14, 21, 21, and 28 d, respectively. The data obtained in this study indicated that the biexponential model is more suitable than the first-order function to describe the decline of thiacloprid in fresh marjoram, fresh thyme, and dried camomile flowers with half-life （t1/2） of 1.1, 0.7, and 1.2 d, respectively. However, both the first-order function and biexponential model were found to be applicable for dissipation of thiacloprid in soil with almost the same t1/2 values of 3.5 and 3.6 d. The results indicated that thiacloprid dissipates rapidly and does not accumulate in the tested herbs and in soil.
文摘In this study, two Satureja L. species from different localities of Turkey （Satureja hortensis L. and Satureja boissieri Hausskn. ex Boiss.） have been studied to determine their taxonomic classification based on chemical characters. For this purpose, aerial parts of the studied taxa were investigated by HS-SPME/GC-MS. 28, 30 and 29 compounds were identified in S. boissieri from Sanhurfa, BingS1 and Malatya accounting from 90.80%, 91.31% and 92.67% of the whole oil, respectively. 26, 30 and 28 compounds were identified in S. hortensis from Adlyaman, Diyarbaklr, Elazl~ accounting from 93.20%, 92.85% and 92.42% of the whole oil, respectively, y-terpinene （30.4%, 26.5% and 32.1%）, carvacrol （26.4%, 25.2% and 23.3%） and p-cymene （10.5%, 13.2% and 10.4%） were determined as main compounds of S. boissieri in Sanhurfa, Bing6l and Malatya species, respectively. Carvacrol （25.0%, 34.1% and 32.1%）, thymol （28.2%, 20.2% and 28.1%） and y-terpinene （10.1%, 11.3% and 9.4%） were found as main constituents of S. hortensis in Adlyaman, Diyarbaklr and Elazl~ samples, respectively. The chemical distributions of the essential oil compounds in the Satureja pattern were discussed in respect to their chemotaxonomy and natural products.
文摘Inulin and oligofructose that are used in animal nutrition originate from chicory roots. Chicory fructans were shown to be prebiotic （selectively interacting with intestinal bacterial ecosystem） in humans and in animals, including livestock and pets. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different levels of chicory and satureja hortensis root powders, which are commonly used as alternative to antibiotics, on performance and carcass characteristic of broilers. The study included 280 Ross 308 male broiler chicks （1-day old at the beginning of the study）. There were 7 treatment groups, each consisting of 4 replicates （10 chicks in each replicate）. Chicory root powder （CRP） were added in 2%, 4% and 6% doses and satureja hortensis root powder （SHRP） were added in 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.6% doses to starter and grower diets. The experiment lasted 42 days. Results showed that adding 2% of chicory root powder to the diet rather than control group, had significant effect on body weight gain （BWG）, feed intake （FI） and feed conversion rate （FCR）. All treatments of SHRP rather than control group significantly decreased FCR and feed intake. Treating with 6% CRP in days 1 to 21 in contrast to control group significantly decreased feed intake, but hadn＇t significant effect on FCR. Consequently we concluded that, using 2% CRP and different levels of SHRP had significant effect on performance and carcass characteristics of broilers.
文摘采用土壤栽培方法,研究了在Cu添加量为0(CK)、200、400、600、800和1 000μg.g-1的土壤中溪荪(IrissanguineaDonn ex Horn.)和花菖蒲(I.ensataThunb.var. hortensis Makino et Nemoto)叶和根的数量、长度及生物量(干质量)6个生长指标的变化趋势,并对叶和根中的Cu含量和积累量、全株的Cu积累量、Cu的富集系数及转运系数进行了比较分析。结果表明:随土壤中Cu添加量的提高,溪荪的根数逐渐降低且显著低于对照;而溪荪的其余5个生长指标和花菖蒲的6个生长指标均总体呈现出在Cu添加量较低的条件下逐渐增加并显著高于对照、在Cu添加量较高的条件下逐渐减小且显著小于对照的变化趋势;其中在Cu添加量1 000μg.g-1的土壤中2种植物的生长均受到显著抑制(P<0.05);而添加400和600μg.g-1Cu则分别对2种植物的生长有一定的促进作用。随土壤中Cu添加量的增加,溪荪和花菖蒲叶及根中的Cu含量均逐渐提高;溪荪对Cu的富集系数和转运系数以及花菖蒲对Cu的富集系数均显著小于对照,而花菖蒲对Cu的转运系数则呈现在Cu添加量较低的条件下高于对照、Cu添加量较高的条件下低于对照并逐渐减小的趋势;在添加了Cu的土壤中,溪荪叶、根和全株对Cu的积累量均低于花菖蒲,但均显著高于对照,且2种植物根的Cu含量及积累量均大于叶片,表明溪荪和花菖蒲均具有一定的Cu积累能力,且主要积累在根中,花菖蒲对Cu的积累能力优于溪荪。综合分析结果显示:溪荪和花菖蒲不是Cu超积累植物,但对Cu胁迫均具有一定的耐性,且花菖蒲的耐性略强于溪荪;溪荪和花菖蒲分别适宜栽植于Cu含量400和600μg.g-1以下的土壤中,可用于轻度和中度Cu污染土壤的植物修复和环境美化。
