As the reproductive organ of the endangered species Fokienia hodginsii,the size of the cones is a constraint on the reproductive renewal of the population.In this study,the molecular basis of the influence of cone siz...As the reproductive organ of the endangered species Fokienia hodginsii,the size of the cones is a constraint on the reproductive renewal of the population.In this study,the molecular basis of the influence of cone size on F.hodginsii was elucidated by comparing the phenotype,biochemistry,and transcriptome of two cultivars of F.hodginsii(‘FJ431’and‘FJ415’).The two cultivars differed significantly in cone size,with FJ431 having a significantly larger cone size and weight than FJ415,1.32 and 1.90 times that of FJ415,respectively.RNA-Seq analysis of both cultivars retrieved 75,940 genes whose approximate functions were classified as the pathway of response to endogenous stimulus and response to hormone and showed significant differences in the auxin-activated signaling pathway,particularly the MAPK signaling pathway-plant.Furthermore,the endogenous IAA content was significantly higher in FJ431 than in FJ415,and 1.58 and 1.29 times more IAA was present in immature and mature cones,respectively.Moreover,exogenous IAA treatment significantly induced the expression of the MAPK pathway-related gene TRINITY_DN10564_c0_g1 and significantly inhibited the expression of the MAPK pathwayrelated gene TRINITY_DN17056_c0_g1.Our work suggests that IAA can affect the cone size of F.hodginsii,most probably through the MAPK pathway.This has high theoretical and practical significance for the improvement of genetic breeding and the further cultivation of quality germplasm resources of F.hodginsii.展开更多
This study observed the temperature,relative humidity,and wind speed of the inner and outer Fokienia hodginsii forests and the urban area in autumn,used the comprehensive comfort index to represent human comfort,compa...This study observed the temperature,relative humidity,and wind speed of the inner and outer Fokienia hodginsii forests and the urban area in autumn,used the comprehensive comfort index to represent human comfort,compared the differences in the microclimates between the inner and outer forests and the urban area,and evaluated the impacts of the 3 plots on the comfort level of people’s outdoor activities.The results showed that: The inner forest had a drop in temperature ranging 0.7℃ to 1.5 ℃ compared with the outer forest;the outer forest had a drop in temperature ranging 0.6℃ to 3.5℃ compared with the urban area;the relative humidity of the inner forest was 0.04–5% higher than that of the outer forest,and 21.7–37.1% higher than that of the urban area;the wind speed of the inner forest was 56% lower than that of the urban area,and 35% lower than that of the outer forest.In short,the inner forest,where people felt most comfortable,was a better place for developing outdoor activities in autumn.展开更多
This study analyzed the microclimate factors and human comfort index of the inner and outer Fokienia hodginsii forests and of a city square.The results showed that:① In terms of the average daily temperature,the inne...This study analyzed the microclimate factors and human comfort index of the inner and outer Fokienia hodginsii forests and of a city square.The results showed that:① In terms of the average daily temperature,the inner and outer forests and the city square ranked as follows: square > outer forest > inner forest.The temperature of the inner forest was 8.21–11.73℃ lower than that of the city square,and the temperature of the outer forest was 7.41–10.34℃ lower than that of the city square.The inner forest was cooled by 24.21% and 1.37% respectively than the outer forest and the city square.② In terms of the average daily relative humidity,the inner and outer forests and the city square ranked as follows: square < outer forest < inner forest.The average daily relative humidity of the inner forest,the outer forest,and the city square was 68.57,84.91,and 88.27,respectively.③ In terms of the average daily wind speed,the inner and outer forests and the city square ranked as: square > outer forest > inner forest.Their daily variation ranges were 0–0.75,0.18–0.43,and 0.12–0.31 m/s,respectively.④ In terms of the daily average illumination intensity,the inner and outer forests and the square ranked as: square > outer forest > inner forest.Their average daily illumination intensities were 371.68,4,582.01,and 17,641.63 lux,respectively.展开更多
With the Fokienia hodginsii forest in Qishan National Forest Park as the object of study, this study observed the diurnal variation of concentrations of atmospheric aerosol particles inside and outside the forest, col...With the Fokienia hodginsii forest in Qishan National Forest Park as the object of study, this study observed the diurnal variation of concentrations of atmospheric aerosol particles inside and outside the forest, collected the data of microclimate factors, and analyzed their correlation with the particle concentration. The results showed that the diurnal variation curves of the particle concentration of the forest and the forest edge had two peaks and two troughs". There were two peaks throughout the day at 13:00 and 19:00 or 17:00 as well as two troughs at 7:00-9:00 and 15:00 or 17:00. The atmospheric aerosol particle in the forest was mainly fine particles, while the forest edge was dominated by coarse particles. For the forest and the forest edge, the diurnal variation trends of various atmospheric aerosol particles were similar. The particle concentration was positively correlated with temperature, relative humidity, and il umination intensity and negatively correlated with wind speed, and the particle concentration outside the forest was significantly negatively correlated with the wind speed.展开更多
The first progeny test on 131 plus-tree progeny families of Fokienia hodginsii selected from Fujian Province and Hunan Province was carried out in State-owned Forest Farm of Yong’an, Fujian. The average seedling heig...The first progeny test on 131 plus-tree progeny families of Fokienia hodginsii selected from Fujian Province and Hunan Province was carried out in State-owned Forest Farm of Yong’an, Fujian. The average seedling height and seedling base diameter at one-year-old were 31.73*!cm and 4.05*!mm respectively. With statistical methods,such as variance and correlation analysis, the genetic variations of F. hodginsii were studied based on the investigation of one-year-old seedling traits from different families. The results showed that there were abundant variations within F. hodginsii and very significant differences among families in seedling height and base diameter. The variations in seedling height were more than those in seedling base diameter which were mainly controlled by genetic factors. There were very significant correlations among seedling heights at different stages based on the average total seedling height every 15 days. Genetic correlation coefficient was a good index to reveal the relationship among traits. The net growth of seedling height showed great difference at different stages. Its value was small at early stage and reached peak from August 30 to September 15 and from October 30 to November 15. But the net growth of seedling base diameter showed little difference at different stages. Its value ranged from 0.17*!mm to 0.22*!mm every 15 days. According to the seedling height, 15 excellent families were preliminarily selected from 131 tested families. The average genetic gains of 15 excellent families’seedling height and base diameter were 30.00% and 10.12% respectively. The averages of 15 excellent families’seedling height and base diameter were 42.1*!cm and 4.7*!mm respectively. The selection effect was very striking.展开更多
Forkienia hodginsii is one of the most important tree species in south of China. However, the natrual forest of Forkienia hodginsii nearly does not exist now in China because of disorderly cut and bad management. For ...Forkienia hodginsii is one of the most important tree species in south of China. However, the natrual forest of Forkienia hodginsii nearly does not exist now in China because of disorderly cut and bad management. For this reason, a large area of plantation of Forkienia hodginsii was planted in Fujian Province since 1950’s, but the study on it was very little. In 1997, we studied the biomass of Forkienia hodginsii plantation in order to provide scientific basis for the other studies and management about it. We set the plots on the continuous slope and used the usual methods to study the biomass of Forkienia hodginsii plantation. The results showed: (1) We could estimate the biomass of F. hodginsii plantation with both models W=aD b and W=a(D 2H) b; (2) The biomass distribution on the continuous slope decreased gradually from bottom to top of the slope and the biomass had the smallest value on the top of the slope; (3) The biomass of trunk and bark went obviously down from base to top of tree, and did the ratio of branch to leaf so; (4) The proportion of photosynthetic yield that used to make up the trunk increased with the growth of stands, however, the proportion that used for other organs of tree decreased; (5) The ratio of root to whole tree almost always was same,about 20%; (6) In accordance with the diameter grade distribution of biomass, the diameter grade of biomass maximum was always larger one diameter class than that of number maximum.展开更多
基金The“Eagle Program”of Fujian Province,funded by the Department of Human Resources and Social Security of Fujian ProvinceThe“Fujian Cypress 1st Generation Core Breeding Population Construction Research”(No.2021R1010004),funded by the Department of Science and Technology of Fujian Province.
文摘As the reproductive organ of the endangered species Fokienia hodginsii,the size of the cones is a constraint on the reproductive renewal of the population.In this study,the molecular basis of the influence of cone size on F.hodginsii was elucidated by comparing the phenotype,biochemistry,and transcriptome of two cultivars of F.hodginsii(‘FJ431’and‘FJ415’).The two cultivars differed significantly in cone size,with FJ431 having a significantly larger cone size and weight than FJ415,1.32 and 1.90 times that of FJ415,respectively.RNA-Seq analysis of both cultivars retrieved 75,940 genes whose approximate functions were classified as the pathway of response to endogenous stimulus and response to hormone and showed significant differences in the auxin-activated signaling pathway,particularly the MAPK signaling pathway-plant.Furthermore,the endogenous IAA content was significantly higher in FJ431 than in FJ415,and 1.58 and 1.29 times more IAA was present in immature and mature cones,respectively.Moreover,exogenous IAA treatment significantly induced the expression of the MAPK pathway-related gene TRINITY_DN10564_c0_g1 and significantly inhibited the expression of the MAPK pathwayrelated gene TRINITY_DN17056_c0_g1.Our work suggests that IAA can affect the cone size of F.hodginsii,most probably through the MAPK pathway.This has high theoretical and practical significance for the improvement of genetic breeding and the further cultivation of quality germplasm resources of F.hodginsii.
基金Sponsored by the Science and Technology Project of Beijing Municipal Administration Center of Parks(ZX2019,ZX2017)Beijing Science and Technology Plan Project(D171100001817001)
文摘This study observed the temperature,relative humidity,and wind speed of the inner and outer Fokienia hodginsii forests and the urban area in autumn,used the comprehensive comfort index to represent human comfort,compared the differences in the microclimates between the inner and outer forests and the urban area,and evaluated the impacts of the 3 plots on the comfort level of people’s outdoor activities.The results showed that: The inner forest had a drop in temperature ranging 0.7℃ to 1.5 ℃ compared with the outer forest;the outer forest had a drop in temperature ranging 0.6℃ to 3.5℃ compared with the urban area;the relative humidity of the inner forest was 0.04–5% higher than that of the outer forest,and 21.7–37.1% higher than that of the urban area;the wind speed of the inner forest was 56% lower than that of the urban area,and 35% lower than that of the outer forest.In short,the inner forest,where people felt most comfortable,was a better place for developing outdoor activities in autumn.
基金Sponsored by the Science and Technology Project of Beijing Municipal Administration Center of Parks(ZX2019)Beijing Science and Technology Plan Project(D171100001817001)
文摘This study analyzed the microclimate factors and human comfort index of the inner and outer Fokienia hodginsii forests and of a city square.The results showed that:① In terms of the average daily temperature,the inner and outer forests and the city square ranked as follows: square > outer forest > inner forest.The temperature of the inner forest was 8.21–11.73℃ lower than that of the city square,and the temperature of the outer forest was 7.41–10.34℃ lower than that of the city square.The inner forest was cooled by 24.21% and 1.37% respectively than the outer forest and the city square.② In terms of the average daily relative humidity,the inner and outer forests and the city square ranked as follows: square < outer forest < inner forest.The average daily relative humidity of the inner forest,the outer forest,and the city square was 68.57,84.91,and 88.27,respectively.③ In terms of the average daily wind speed,the inner and outer forests and the city square ranked as: square > outer forest > inner forest.Their daily variation ranges were 0–0.75,0.18–0.43,and 0.12–0.31 m/s,respectively.④ In terms of the daily average illumination intensity,the inner and outer forests and the square ranked as: square > outer forest > inner forest.Their average daily illumination intensities were 371.68,4,582.01,and 17,641.63 lux,respectively.
基金Sponsored by the Science and Technology Project of Beijing Municipal Administration Center of Parks(ZX2019)Beijing Science and Technology Plan Project(D171100001817001)
文摘With the Fokienia hodginsii forest in Qishan National Forest Park as the object of study, this study observed the diurnal variation of concentrations of atmospheric aerosol particles inside and outside the forest, collected the data of microclimate factors, and analyzed their correlation with the particle concentration. The results showed that the diurnal variation curves of the particle concentration of the forest and the forest edge had two peaks and two troughs". There were two peaks throughout the day at 13:00 and 19:00 or 17:00 as well as two troughs at 7:00-9:00 and 15:00 or 17:00. The atmospheric aerosol particle in the forest was mainly fine particles, while the forest edge was dominated by coarse particles. For the forest and the forest edge, the diurnal variation trends of various atmospheric aerosol particles were similar. The particle concentration was positively correlated with temperature, relative humidity, and il umination intensity and negatively correlated with wind speed, and the particle concentration outside the forest was significantly negatively correlated with the wind speed.
文摘The first progeny test on 131 plus-tree progeny families of Fokienia hodginsii selected from Fujian Province and Hunan Province was carried out in State-owned Forest Farm of Yong’an, Fujian. The average seedling height and seedling base diameter at one-year-old were 31.73*!cm and 4.05*!mm respectively. With statistical methods,such as variance and correlation analysis, the genetic variations of F. hodginsii were studied based on the investigation of one-year-old seedling traits from different families. The results showed that there were abundant variations within F. hodginsii and very significant differences among families in seedling height and base diameter. The variations in seedling height were more than those in seedling base diameter which were mainly controlled by genetic factors. There were very significant correlations among seedling heights at different stages based on the average total seedling height every 15 days. Genetic correlation coefficient was a good index to reveal the relationship among traits. The net growth of seedling height showed great difference at different stages. Its value was small at early stage and reached peak from August 30 to September 15 and from October 30 to November 15. But the net growth of seedling base diameter showed little difference at different stages. Its value ranged from 0.17*!mm to 0.22*!mm every 15 days. According to the seedling height, 15 excellent families were preliminarily selected from 131 tested families. The average genetic gains of 15 excellent families’seedling height and base diameter were 30.00% and 10.12% respectively. The averages of 15 excellent families’seedling height and base diameter were 42.1*!cm and 4.7*!mm respectively. The selection effect was very striking.
文摘Forkienia hodginsii is one of the most important tree species in south of China. However, the natrual forest of Forkienia hodginsii nearly does not exist now in China because of disorderly cut and bad management. For this reason, a large area of plantation of Forkienia hodginsii was planted in Fujian Province since 1950’s, but the study on it was very little. In 1997, we studied the biomass of Forkienia hodginsii plantation in order to provide scientific basis for the other studies and management about it. We set the plots on the continuous slope and used the usual methods to study the biomass of Forkienia hodginsii plantation. The results showed: (1) We could estimate the biomass of F. hodginsii plantation with both models W=aD b and W=a(D 2H) b; (2) The biomass distribution on the continuous slope decreased gradually from bottom to top of the slope and the biomass had the smallest value on the top of the slope; (3) The biomass of trunk and bark went obviously down from base to top of tree, and did the ratio of branch to leaf so; (4) The proportion of photosynthetic yield that used to make up the trunk increased with the growth of stands, however, the proportion that used for other organs of tree decreased; (5) The ratio of root to whole tree almost always was same,about 20%; (6) In accordance with the diameter grade distribution of biomass, the diameter grade of biomass maximum was always larger one diameter class than that of number maximum.
