Cytokinins influence many aspects of plant growth and development.Although cytokinin biosynthesis and signaling have been well studied in planta,little is known about the regulatory effects of epigenetic modifications...Cytokinins influence many aspects of plant growth and development.Although cytokinin biosynthesis and signaling have been well studied in planta,little is known about the regulatory effects of epigenetic modifications on the cytokinin response.Here,we reveal that mutations to Morf Related Gene(MRG)proteins MRG1/MRG2,which are readers of trimethylated histone H3 lysine 4 and lysine 36(H3K4me3 and H3K36me3),result in cytokinin hyposensitivity during various developmental processes,including callus induction and root and seedling growth inhibition.Similar to the mrg1 mrg2 mutant,plants with a defective AtTCP14,which belongs to the TEOSINTE BRANCHED,CYCLOIDEA,AND PROLIFERATING CELL FACTOR(TCP)transcription factor family,are insensitive to cytokinin.Furthermore,the transcription of several genes related to cytokinin signaling pathway is altered.Specifically,the expression of Arabidopsis thaliana HISTIDINE-CONTAINING PHOSPHOTRANSMITTER PROTEIN 2(AHP2)decreases significantly in the mrg1 mrg2 and tcp14-2 mutants.We also confirm the interaction between MRG2 and TCP14 in vitro and in vivo.Thus,MRG2 and TCP14 can be recruited to AHP2 after recognizing H3K4me3/H3K36me3 markers and promote the histone-4 lysine-5 acetylation to further enhance AHP2 expression.In summary,our research elucidate a previously unknown mechanism mediating the effects of MRG proteins on the magnitude of the cytokinin response.展开更多
SPIN1(spindlin 1)是一种组蛋白修饰阅读器蛋白,通过识别组蛋白H3第4位赖氨酸三甲基化(trimethylation of lysine 4 on histone H3 protein subunit,H3K4me3)促进核糖体RNA的表达,从而影响表观遗传的调控,以此发挥其生物学作用。SPIN1...SPIN1(spindlin 1)是一种组蛋白修饰阅读器蛋白,通过识别组蛋白H3第4位赖氨酸三甲基化(trimethylation of lysine 4 on histone H3 protein subunit,H3K4me3)促进核糖体RNA的表达,从而影响表观遗传的调控,以此发挥其生物学作用。SPIN1在多种恶性肿瘤中过表达,可受多种长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,lncRNA)、微RNA(microRNA,miRNA)及环状RNA(circularRNA,circRNA)的负向调控,并可由转录因子腺病毒E2因子1(adenovirus E2 factor 1,E2F1)转录激活,通过Wnt、磷脂酰肌醇3激酶/蛋白激酶B(phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B,PI3K/Akt)、转染过程重排(rearrangement during transfection,RET)因子、鼠双微体基因-p53(murine double minute 2-p53,MDM2-p53)等与肿瘤发生相关的信号通路,促进肿瘤的发生、发展,并与不良预后密切相关。随着对SPIN1的研究越来越深入,发现SPIN1可作为多种恶性肿瘤治疗的潜在靶点。目前已开发出针对SPIN1和H3K4me3间相互作用的抑制剂,以此阻断SPIN1的致癌能力。展开更多
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31970530,31930017,and 31671263).
文摘Cytokinins influence many aspects of plant growth and development.Although cytokinin biosynthesis and signaling have been well studied in planta,little is known about the regulatory effects of epigenetic modifications on the cytokinin response.Here,we reveal that mutations to Morf Related Gene(MRG)proteins MRG1/MRG2,which are readers of trimethylated histone H3 lysine 4 and lysine 36(H3K4me3 and H3K36me3),result in cytokinin hyposensitivity during various developmental processes,including callus induction and root and seedling growth inhibition.Similar to the mrg1 mrg2 mutant,plants with a defective AtTCP14,which belongs to the TEOSINTE BRANCHED,CYCLOIDEA,AND PROLIFERATING CELL FACTOR(TCP)transcription factor family,are insensitive to cytokinin.Furthermore,the transcription of several genes related to cytokinin signaling pathway is altered.Specifically,the expression of Arabidopsis thaliana HISTIDINE-CONTAINING PHOSPHOTRANSMITTER PROTEIN 2(AHP2)decreases significantly in the mrg1 mrg2 and tcp14-2 mutants.We also confirm the interaction between MRG2 and TCP14 in vitro and in vivo.Thus,MRG2 and TCP14 can be recruited to AHP2 after recognizing H3K4me3/H3K36me3 markers and promote the histone-4 lysine-5 acetylation to further enhance AHP2 expression.In summary,our research elucidate a previously unknown mechanism mediating the effects of MRG proteins on the magnitude of the cytokinin response.
