Developing novel lead-free ferroelectric materials is crucial for next-generationmicroelectronic technologies that are energy efficient and environmentfriendly.However,materials discovery and property optimization are...Developing novel lead-free ferroelectric materials is crucial for next-generationmicroelectronic technologies that are energy efficient and environmentfriendly.However,materials discovery and property optimization are typicallytime-consuming due to the limited throughput of traditional synthesismethods.In this work,we use a high-throughput combinatorial synthesisapproach to fabricate lead-free ferroelectric superlattices and solid solutions of(Ba_(0.7)Ca_(0.3))TiO_(3)(BCT)and Ba(Zr_(0.2)Ti_(0.8))O_(3)(BZT)phases with continuous variationof composition and layer thickness.High-resolution x-ray diffraction(XRD)and analytical scanning transmission electron microscopy(STEM)demonstratehigh film quality and well-controlled compositional gradients.Ferroelectricand dielectric property measurements identify the“optimal propertypoint”achieved at the composition of 48BZT–52BCT.Displacement vectormaps reveal that ferroelectric domain sizes are tunable by varying{BCT–BZT}Nsuperlattice geometry.This high-throughput synthesis approach can be appliedto many other material systems to expedite new materials discovery and properties optimization,allowing for the exploration of a large area of phasespace within a single growth.展开更多
目的：探讨5例乙肝疫苗接种失败儿童及其母亲在母婴传播过程中乙型肝炎病毒（hepatitis B virus,HBV）＂a＂决定簇准种变化趋势。方法：选择5例重庆地区乙肝疫苗接种失败的儿童及其母亲,应用PCR法扩增其HBV基因组全长,构建HBV全基因组...目的：探讨5例乙肝疫苗接种失败儿童及其母亲在母婴传播过程中乙型肝炎病毒（hepatitis B virus,HBV）＂a＂决定簇准种变化趋势。方法：选择5例重庆地区乙肝疫苗接种失败的儿童及其母亲,应用PCR法扩增其HBV基因组全长,构建HBV全基因组测序文库后进行solexa高通量测序,并对测序数据进行生物信息学分析。结果：母子HBV序列同源性为99%～100%;5对母子HBV基因型均为B＋C混合型,其中4对优势基因型为B型,1对为C型,母子优势基因型相同;所有儿童均在＂a＂决定簇存在复杂度明显增高位点;5对母子＂a＂决定簇复杂度明显增高的氨基酸（Amino acid,aa）位点共有10个,仅存在于儿童的有2个,为aa126和aa143,儿童中有1例发生优势氨基酸突变,突变形式为G145R。结论：乙肝疫苗接种失败儿童在＂a＂决定簇存在准种现象,儿童体内的突变株可能来源于其母亲。展开更多
基金NNSA's Laboratory Directed Research andDevelopment ProgramCenter forIntegrated Nanotechnologies,an Office ofScience User Facility operated for theU.S.Department of Energy(DOE)Officeof Science by Los Alamos NationalLaboratory,Grant/Award Number:89233218CNA000001+5 种基金Sandia NationalLaboratories,Grant/Award Number:DENA0003525U.S.Department of Energy,Office of Science,Basic Energy Sciences,Materials Science and EngineeringDivisionArgonne National LaboratoryU.S.DOE Office of Science-Basic Energy Sciences,Grant/Award Number:DEAC02-06CH11357Center for NanophaseMaterials SciencesACS PetroleumResearch Fund under Doctoral NewInvestigator Grant,Grant/Award Number:62603-DNI10。
文摘Developing novel lead-free ferroelectric materials is crucial for next-generationmicroelectronic technologies that are energy efficient and environmentfriendly.However,materials discovery and property optimization are typicallytime-consuming due to the limited throughput of traditional synthesismethods.In this work,we use a high-throughput combinatorial synthesisapproach to fabricate lead-free ferroelectric superlattices and solid solutions of(Ba_(0.7)Ca_(0.3))TiO_(3)(BCT)and Ba(Zr_(0.2)Ti_(0.8))O_(3)(BZT)phases with continuous variationof composition and layer thickness.High-resolution x-ray diffraction(XRD)and analytical scanning transmission electron microscopy(STEM)demonstratehigh film quality and well-controlled compositional gradients.Ferroelectricand dielectric property measurements identify the“optimal propertypoint”achieved at the composition of 48BZT–52BCT.Displacement vectormaps reveal that ferroelectric domain sizes are tunable by varying{BCT–BZT}Nsuperlattice geometry.This high-throughput synthesis approach can be appliedto many other material systems to expedite new materials discovery and properties optimization,allowing for the exploration of a large area of phasespace within a single growth.
文摘目的：探讨5例乙肝疫苗接种失败儿童及其母亲在母婴传播过程中乙型肝炎病毒（hepatitis B virus,HBV）＂a＂决定簇准种变化趋势。方法：选择5例重庆地区乙肝疫苗接种失败的儿童及其母亲,应用PCR法扩增其HBV基因组全长,构建HBV全基因组测序文库后进行solexa高通量测序,并对测序数据进行生物信息学分析。结果：母子HBV序列同源性为99%～100%;5对母子HBV基因型均为B＋C混合型,其中4对优势基因型为B型,1对为C型,母子优势基因型相同;所有儿童均在＂a＂决定簇存在复杂度明显增高位点;5对母子＂a＂决定簇复杂度明显增高的氨基酸（Amino acid,aa）位点共有10个,仅存在于儿童的有2个,为aa126和aa143,儿童中有1例发生优势氨基酸突变,突变形式为G145R。结论：乙肝疫苗接种失败儿童在＂a＂决定簇存在准种现象,儿童体内的突变株可能来源于其母亲。
