The high-molecular-weight (HMW) glutenin subunits and their coding genes from Aegilops umbellulata Zhuk. (UU, 2n = 2x = 14) were characterized using SDS-PAGE analysis and molecular approaches. SDS-PAGE analysis showed...The high-molecular-weight (HMW) glutenin subunits and their coding genes from Aegilops umbellulata Zhuk. (UU, 2n = 2x = 14) were characterized using SDS-PAGE analysis and molecular approaches. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the 1Ux subunits from four different accessions possessed electrophoretic mobilities close to, or slower than, that displayed by the 1Dx2.2 subunit of common wheat. The electrophoretic mobilities of the 1Uy subunits were generally similar to those shown by the 1Dy subunits of common wheat. The complete open reading frames of the 1Ux and 1Uy genes were amplified by PCR and subsequently cloned and sequenced. Amino acid sequence comparisons suggested that the primary structure of the 1Ux and 1Uy subunits were identical to that of published HMW glutenin subunits from related species, Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the HMW glutenin subunits of Ae. umbellulata were most closely related to those encoded by the D genome of Triticeae.展开更多
Sedimentation values, flour glutenin macropolymer (GMP) contents, composition and contents of high-molecular-weight (HMW) glutenin subunits (GS) of 233 flour samples were determined. Our data indicated that subunit 1 ...Sedimentation values, flour glutenin macropolymer (GMP) contents, composition and contents of high-molecular-weight (HMW) glutenin subunits (GS) of 233 flour samples were determined. Our data indicated that subunit 1 occurred more frequently at Glu-A1 , subunit pair 7 + 8 at Glu-B1 and 2 + 12 at Glu-D1. The significant relationships between Glu-1 quality score and total HMW glutenin content, sedimentation value and GMP content suggested that the composition of HMW-GS affects wheat quality strongly. Moreover, the total content of HMW-GS was correlated with certain quality parameters more significantly. Relationship between subunit 5 + 10 content and breadmaking quality was better than others, but 2 + 12, 7 + 8, 7 + 9 and 4 + 12 also correlated with certain quality parameters significantly. The contents of total HMW-glutenin, x-type subunits and y-type subunits related with sedimentation value, flour GMP content, and Glu-1 quality score more strongly than that of individual subunit or subunit pair. The flour GMP content, with excellent correlation to sedimentation value, total contents of HMW glutenin, x- and y-type subunits and many other quality parameters, could be an ideal indicator of breadmaking quality at earlier generations for breeding purpose for its simple procedure and small scale.展开更多
The objective of the present study was to characterize the high molecular glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) composition and the presence of 1B/1R translocation in newly developed wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm, w...The objective of the present study was to characterize the high molecular glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) composition and the presence of 1B/1R translocation in newly developed wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm, which have one or more traits that are useful in wheat improvement. Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and acid polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis (A-PAGE) were used to detect HMW-GS composition and the presence of 1B/1R wheat-rye (Secale cereale L.) chromosome translocation in the wheat germplasm. Bread-making quality scores of these lines were determined. A high level of variations in HMW-GS encoded by Glu-1 locus was observed. Sixteen major HMW-GS, with 30 combinations, were detected. The percentage of cultivars with more than two desirable subunits was 38.7%. Thirteen cultivars had bread-making quality scores of 10 in combination with one or two desirable agronomical traits, such as high-yield potential, dwarfing stem, resistance to diseases, and/or tolerance to abiotic stress. Sixty-eight (36.6%) cultivars possessed 1B/1R translocation. The newly developed germplasm with HMW-GS for good quality can be promising resources for improving bread-making quality of wheat.展开更多
By crossing bread wheat cultlvar GC8901 with the 1D monosonlc line of Xiaoyan No. 6 and backcrosslng the offsprlng with the Xlaoyan No. 6 1D monosonlc llne for 5 years, high-molecular-welght glutenin subunlts 1Dx5+1D...By crossing bread wheat cultlvar GC8901 with the 1D monosonlc line of Xiaoyan No. 6 and backcrosslng the offsprlng with the Xlaoyan No. 6 1D monosonlc llne for 5 years, high-molecular-welght glutenin subunlts 1Dx5+1Dy10 from GC8901 have been transferred Into wheat cultivar Xiaoyan No. 6. The BC5F1 offspring lines had been detected by using methods of cytology, marker, molecular marker and six elite single plants with high molecular-welght glutenin subunlts: lAx1, 1Bx14+1 By15, 1Dx5+1 Dy10 were Identified. Those lines have high-yleld potential with better agronomic characters and have been used In high quality wheat breeding processes as well.展开更多
Wheat bread-making quality can be improved by use of high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits(HMW-GSs)from wild relatives.Aegilops longissima is a close relative of wheat that contains a number of HMW-GS-encoding genes...Wheat bread-making quality can be improved by use of high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits(HMW-GSs)from wild relatives.Aegilops longissima is a close relative of wheat that contains a number of HMW-GS-encoding genes including 1S^(l)x2.3^(*).In this study,transgenic wheat lines overexpressing 1S^(l)x2.3^(*)were obtained by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and used to investigate the genetic contribution of 1S^(l)x2.3^(*)to wheat flour-processing quality.The 1S^(l)x2.3^(*)transgene was stably inherited and expressed over generations.Expression of 1S^(l)x2.3^(*)increased the relative expression of 1Dx2 and 1Dy12 and reduced that of 1By18 during grain development.In general,integration of 1S^(l)x2.3^(*)stimulated the accumulation of endogenous HMW-GSs and low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits in wheat kernels,greatly increasing the glutenin:gliadin ratio and resulting in faster formation of protein bodies in the endosperm during grain development.A wheat material with improved flour-making quality was developed in which 1S^(l)x2.3^(*)improved wheat bread-making quality.展开更多
Genetic diversity at Gli_1, Gli_2 and Glu_1 loci was investigated in 89 Sichuan wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) landraces by using acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (APAGE) and SDS_PAGE. In these landraces, a total...Genetic diversity at Gli_1, Gli_2 and Glu_1 loci was investigated in 89 Sichuan wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) landraces by using acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (APAGE) and SDS_PAGE. In these landraces, a total of 32 gliadin and 3 high_molecular_weight (HMW) glutenin patterns were observed. In total, 14, 15 and 5 alleles were identified at Gli_1, Gli_2 and Glu_1, respectively. At each locus, the alleles in higher frequency were Gli_A1a (89%), Gli_B1h (46%), Gli_D1a (65%), Gli_A2a (64%), Gli_B2j (45%), Gli_D2a (48%), Glu_A1c (99%), Glu_B1b (99%) and Glu_D1a (100%). The Nei's genetic variation index (H) of Sichuan wheat landraces was 0.370?6, varying from 0 to 0.708?7. The highest genetic diversity was found at Gli_B2 locus, while the lowest was found at Glu_D1. The genetic diversity at Gli loci was higher than that of Glu_1 loci among these landraces, but it was much lower than that of modern wheat cultivars. These results indicated a narrow genetic base of Sichuan wheat landraces. In this study, “Chengdu_guangtou” had the identical gliadin and HMW_glutenin patterns with “Chinese Spring”, further supporting the proposal that “Chinese Spring” is a strain of “Chengdu_guangtou”.展开更多
Genetic diversity at Gli_1, Gli_2 and Glu_1 loci was investigated in 32 accessions of Chinese endemic wheat by using acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (APAGE) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)_PAGE. There were 8 ...Genetic diversity at Gli_1, Gli_2 and Glu_1 loci was investigated in 32 accessions of Chinese endemic wheat by using acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (APAGE) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)_PAGE. There were 8 gliadin and 3 high_molecular_weight (HMW)_glutenin patterns in 14 Yunnan hulled wheat ( Triticum aestivum ssp. yunnanese King) accessions, 9 gliadin and 4 HMW_glutenin patterns in 9 Tibetan weedrace ( T. aestivum ssp. tibetanum Shao ) accessions, and 9 gliadin and 5 HMW_glutenin patterns in 9 Xinjiang rice wheat ( T. petropavlovskyi Udacz. et Migusch.) accessions. One accession (i.e. Daomai 2) carried new subunits 2.1+10.1 encoded by Glu_D1. Among the three Chinese endemic wheat groups, a total of 10, 14 and 11 alleles at Gli_1 locus; 11, 14 and 12 alleles at Gli_2 locus; and 5, 6 and 8 alleles at Glu_1 locus were identified, respectively. Among Yunnan hulled wheat, Tibetan weedrace and Xinjiang rice wheat, the Nei's genetic variation indexes were 0.3798, 0.5625 and 0.5693, respectively. These results suggested that Tibetan weedrace and Xinjiang rice wheat had higher genetic diversity than Yunnan hulled wheat.展开更多
【目的】解析高产广适小麦新品种淮麦33的遗传构成,探讨双亲烟农19和郑麦991对其产量相关性状的遗传贡献,为小麦品种改良及亲本选配提供依据。【方法】利用部分农艺及品质性状、高分子量谷蛋白亚基组成及覆盖小麦21条染色体的625个SSR...【目的】解析高产广适小麦新品种淮麦33的遗传构成,探讨双亲烟农19和郑麦991对其产量相关性状的遗传贡献,为小麦品种改良及亲本选配提供依据。【方法】利用部分农艺及品质性状、高分子量谷蛋白亚基组成及覆盖小麦21条染色体的625个SSR分子标记分析淮麦33及其双亲的遗传构成;比对已知的产量性状相关QTL,分析双亲的产量相关区段对淮麦33的遗传贡献。【结果】淮麦33的每平方米穗数和千粒重均介于两亲本之间,穗粒数和小区产量均显著高于两亲本;与烟农19相比,其株高显著降低。淮麦33的高分子量谷蛋白亚基组成为(1、17+18和2+12),其中1和17+18亚基均来自于母本烟农19,2+12亚基来自于父本郑麦991。SSR分子标记分析表明,双亲对淮麦33的遗传贡献和理论值相比出现了较大偏离,淮麦33分别继承了烟农19和郑麦991两亲本73.9%和26.1%的遗传物质。淮麦33与烟农19具有较大的遗传相似度,遗传相似系数为0.78。在不同基因组和染色体水平上,双亲对淮麦33的遗传贡献率差异较大,其中,烟农19在A、B和D基因组水平的遗传贡献率均较高,分别为75.1%、69.4%和68.7%;除6A染色体外,烟农19在其他20条染色体上的遗传贡献率均高于郑麦991,其中在2A染色体上达到100%,在1A、3A、2B、3B和4B等5条染色体上均超过90%。在遗传距离大于5 c M的染色体区段中,淮麦33来源于烟农19和郑麦991的染色体区段分别有34个和7个,其中在2D染色体上来源于烟农19的染色体区段最多,在5A染色体上来源于郑麦991的区段最多。淮麦33有38个不同于双亲的特异位点,主要分布在1B、1D、2A、2B、2D、3A、3B、3D、4A、4B、5A、5B、6B、6D和7A等15条染色体上。比对已知产量性状相关QTL,共发现10个产量相关区段,有6个来源于烟农19,分别位于1A、2D、3B、4B、4D和7A染色体上;3个来源于郑麦991,分别位于4A和5A染色体上;1个为淮麦33特异区段,�展开更多
文摘The high-molecular-weight (HMW) glutenin subunits and their coding genes from Aegilops umbellulata Zhuk. (UU, 2n = 2x = 14) were characterized using SDS-PAGE analysis and molecular approaches. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the 1Ux subunits from four different accessions possessed electrophoretic mobilities close to, or slower than, that displayed by the 1Dx2.2 subunit of common wheat. The electrophoretic mobilities of the 1Uy subunits were generally similar to those shown by the 1Dy subunits of common wheat. The complete open reading frames of the 1Ux and 1Uy genes were amplified by PCR and subsequently cloned and sequenced. Amino acid sequence comparisons suggested that the primary structure of the 1Ux and 1Uy subunits were identical to that of published HMW glutenin subunits from related species, Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the HMW glutenin subunits of Ae. umbellulata were most closely related to those encoded by the D genome of Triticeae.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.39970456 ,39930110).
文摘Sedimentation values, flour glutenin macropolymer (GMP) contents, composition and contents of high-molecular-weight (HMW) glutenin subunits (GS) of 233 flour samples were determined. Our data indicated that subunit 1 occurred more frequently at Glu-A1 , subunit pair 7 + 8 at Glu-B1 and 2 + 12 at Glu-D1. The significant relationships between Glu-1 quality score and total HMW glutenin content, sedimentation value and GMP content suggested that the composition of HMW-GS affects wheat quality strongly. Moreover, the total content of HMW-GS was correlated with certain quality parameters more significantly. Relationship between subunit 5 + 10 content and breadmaking quality was better than others, but 2 + 12, 7 + 8, 7 + 9 and 4 + 12 also correlated with certain quality parameters significantly. The contents of total HMW-glutenin, x-type subunits and y-type subunits related with sedimentation value, flour GMP content, and Glu-1 quality score more strongly than that of individual subunit or subunit pair. The flour GMP content, with excellent correlation to sedimentation value, total contents of HMW glutenin, x- and y-type subunits and many other quality parameters, could be an ideal indicator of breadmaking quality at earlier generations for breeding purpose for its simple procedure and small scale.
文摘The objective of the present study was to characterize the high molecular glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) composition and the presence of 1B/1R translocation in newly developed wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm, which have one or more traits that are useful in wheat improvement. Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and acid polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis (A-PAGE) were used to detect HMW-GS composition and the presence of 1B/1R wheat-rye (Secale cereale L.) chromosome translocation in the wheat germplasm. Bread-making quality scores of these lines were determined. A high level of variations in HMW-GS encoded by Glu-1 locus was observed. Sixteen major HMW-GS, with 30 combinations, were detected. The percentage of cultivars with more than two desirable subunits was 38.7%. Thirteen cultivars had bread-making quality scores of 10 in combination with one or two desirable agronomical traits, such as high-yield potential, dwarfing stem, resistance to diseases, and/or tolerance to abiotic stress. Sixty-eight (36.6%) cultivars possessed 1B/1R translocation. The newly developed germplasm with HMW-GS for good quality can be promising resources for improving bread-making quality of wheat.
基金Supported by the State Key basic Research and Development Plan of China (2003CB114301), the Hi-Tech Research and Development (863) Program of China (2002AA2Z4011), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30270821) and the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KSCXZ-SW-327 and KSCXZ-SW-304).
文摘By crossing bread wheat cultlvar GC8901 with the 1D monosonlc line of Xiaoyan No. 6 and backcrosslng the offsprlng with the Xlaoyan No. 6 1D monosonlc llne for 5 years, high-molecular-welght glutenin subunlts 1Dx5+1Dy10 from GC8901 have been transferred Into wheat cultivar Xiaoyan No. 6. The BC5F1 offspring lines had been detected by using methods of cytology, marker, molecular marker and six elite single plants with high molecular-welght glutenin subunlts: lAx1, 1Bx14+1 By15, 1Dx5+1 Dy10 were Identified. Those lines have high-yleld potential with better agronomic characters and have been used In high quality wheat breeding processes as well.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31971945)the Department of Science and Technology of Ningxia in China(2019BBF02020)。
文摘Wheat bread-making quality can be improved by use of high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits(HMW-GSs)from wild relatives.Aegilops longissima is a close relative of wheat that contains a number of HMW-GS-encoding genes including 1S^(l)x2.3^(*).In this study,transgenic wheat lines overexpressing 1S^(l)x2.3^(*)were obtained by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and used to investigate the genetic contribution of 1S^(l)x2.3^(*)to wheat flour-processing quality.The 1S^(l)x2.3^(*)transgene was stably inherited and expressed over generations.Expression of 1S^(l)x2.3^(*)increased the relative expression of 1Dx2 and 1Dy12 and reduced that of 1By18 during grain development.In general,integration of 1S^(l)x2.3^(*)stimulated the accumulation of endogenous HMW-GSs and low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits in wheat kernels,greatly increasing the glutenin:gliadin ratio and resulting in faster formation of protein bodies in the endosperm during grain development.A wheat material with improved flour-making quality was developed in which 1S^(l)x2.3^(*)improved wheat bread-making quality.
文摘Genetic diversity at Gli_1, Gli_2 and Glu_1 loci was investigated in 89 Sichuan wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) landraces by using acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (APAGE) and SDS_PAGE. In these landraces, a total of 32 gliadin and 3 high_molecular_weight (HMW) glutenin patterns were observed. In total, 14, 15 and 5 alleles were identified at Gli_1, Gli_2 and Glu_1, respectively. At each locus, the alleles in higher frequency were Gli_A1a (89%), Gli_B1h (46%), Gli_D1a (65%), Gli_A2a (64%), Gli_B2j (45%), Gli_D2a (48%), Glu_A1c (99%), Glu_B1b (99%) and Glu_D1a (100%). The Nei's genetic variation index (H) of Sichuan wheat landraces was 0.370?6, varying from 0 to 0.708?7. The highest genetic diversity was found at Gli_B2 locus, while the lowest was found at Glu_D1. The genetic diversity at Gli loci was higher than that of Glu_1 loci among these landraces, but it was much lower than that of modern wheat cultivars. These results indicated a narrow genetic base of Sichuan wheat landraces. In this study, “Chengdu_guangtou” had the identical gliadin and HMW_glutenin patterns with “Chinese Spring”, further supporting the proposal that “Chinese Spring” is a strain of “Chengdu_guangtou”.
文摘Genetic diversity at Gli_1, Gli_2 and Glu_1 loci was investigated in 32 accessions of Chinese endemic wheat by using acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (APAGE) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)_PAGE. There were 8 gliadin and 3 high_molecular_weight (HMW)_glutenin patterns in 14 Yunnan hulled wheat ( Triticum aestivum ssp. yunnanese King) accessions, 9 gliadin and 4 HMW_glutenin patterns in 9 Tibetan weedrace ( T. aestivum ssp. tibetanum Shao ) accessions, and 9 gliadin and 5 HMW_glutenin patterns in 9 Xinjiang rice wheat ( T. petropavlovskyi Udacz. et Migusch.) accessions. One accession (i.e. Daomai 2) carried new subunits 2.1+10.1 encoded by Glu_D1. Among the three Chinese endemic wheat groups, a total of 10, 14 and 11 alleles at Gli_1 locus; 11, 14 and 12 alleles at Gli_2 locus; and 5, 6 and 8 alleles at Glu_1 locus were identified, respectively. Among Yunnan hulled wheat, Tibetan weedrace and Xinjiang rice wheat, the Nei's genetic variation indexes were 0.3798, 0.5625 and 0.5693, respectively. These results suggested that Tibetan weedrace and Xinjiang rice wheat had higher genetic diversity than Yunnan hulled wheat.
文摘【目的】解析高产广适小麦新品种淮麦33的遗传构成,探讨双亲烟农19和郑麦991对其产量相关性状的遗传贡献,为小麦品种改良及亲本选配提供依据。【方法】利用部分农艺及品质性状、高分子量谷蛋白亚基组成及覆盖小麦21条染色体的625个SSR分子标记分析淮麦33及其双亲的遗传构成;比对已知的产量性状相关QTL,分析双亲的产量相关区段对淮麦33的遗传贡献。【结果】淮麦33的每平方米穗数和千粒重均介于两亲本之间,穗粒数和小区产量均显著高于两亲本;与烟农19相比,其株高显著降低。淮麦33的高分子量谷蛋白亚基组成为(1、17+18和2+12),其中1和17+18亚基均来自于母本烟农19,2+12亚基来自于父本郑麦991。SSR分子标记分析表明,双亲对淮麦33的遗传贡献和理论值相比出现了较大偏离,淮麦33分别继承了烟农19和郑麦991两亲本73.9%和26.1%的遗传物质。淮麦33与烟农19具有较大的遗传相似度,遗传相似系数为0.78。在不同基因组和染色体水平上,双亲对淮麦33的遗传贡献率差异较大,其中,烟农19在A、B和D基因组水平的遗传贡献率均较高,分别为75.1%、69.4%和68.7%;除6A染色体外,烟农19在其他20条染色体上的遗传贡献率均高于郑麦991,其中在2A染色体上达到100%,在1A、3A、2B、3B和4B等5条染色体上均超过90%。在遗传距离大于5 c M的染色体区段中,淮麦33来源于烟农19和郑麦991的染色体区段分别有34个和7个,其中在2D染色体上来源于烟农19的染色体区段最多,在5A染色体上来源于郑麦991的区段最多。淮麦33有38个不同于双亲的特异位点,主要分布在1B、1D、2A、2B、2D、3A、3B、3D、4A、4B、5A、5B、6B、6D和7A等15条染色体上。比对已知产量性状相关QTL,共发现10个产量相关区段,有6个来源于烟农19,分别位于1A、2D、3B、4B、4D和7A染色体上;3个来源于郑麦991,分别位于4A和5A染色体上;1个为淮麦33特异区段,�