目的:探讨高功能孤独症儿童的统合型房树人(S-HTP)绘画测验特征及其社会性发展。方法:对符合美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版(Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fourth Edition,DSM-Ⅳ)的35例高功能孤独症儿童...目的:探讨高功能孤独症儿童的统合型房树人(S-HTP)绘画测验特征及其社会性发展。方法:对符合美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版(Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fourth Edition,DSM-Ⅳ)的35例高功能孤独症儿童和年龄、性别、智商相匹配的70例正常对照儿童进行S-HTP绘画测验,分析高功能孤独症儿童S-HTP绘画测验特征(整体评价15个项目、房屋评价9个项目、树木评价5个项目和人物评价14个项目)。结果:在S-HTP绘画测验中,高功能孤独症儿童绘画特征与正常儿童存在明显差异。在主要反映社交互动水平的整体评价中有8个项目存在差异,如孤独症患儿绘画的画面统合性强的比例明显低于正常儿童[5.7%(2/35)vs.67.1%(47/70),P<0.05];在主要反映家庭关系的房屋评价中的有4个项目存在差异,如孤独症儿童绘画中人只在房屋外面的比例明显高于正常儿童[100%(35/35)vs.85.7%(60/70),P<0.05];在主要反映无意识的自我形象的树木评价中有4个项目存在差异,如孤独症儿童树木简化的比例明显高于正常儿童[73.5%(25/35)vs.24.3%(17/70),P<0.05];在主要反映有意识的自我形象和人际关系的人物评价中有8个项目存在差异,如孤独症儿童绘画人物数目2人以上的比例明显低于正常儿童[20.0%(7/35)vs.68.6%(48/70),P<0.05]。结论:高功能孤独症儿童统合型房树人绘画测验绘画特征反映出其社会性发展落后于正常同龄儿童,主要表现在社交互动、人际关系、自我概念和家庭关系方面。展开更多
Functional brain networks (FBNs) provide a potential way for understanding the brain organizational patterns and diagnosing neurological diseases. Due to its importance, many FBN construction methods have been propose...Functional brain networks (FBNs) provide a potential way for understanding the brain organizational patterns and diagnosing neurological diseases. Due to its importance, many FBN construction methods have been proposed currently, including the low-order Pearson’s correlation (PC) and sparse representation (SR), as well as the high-order functional connection (HoFC). However, most existing methods usually ignore the information of topological structures of FBN, such as low-rank structure which can reduce the noise and improve modularity to enhance the stability of networks. In this paper, we propose a novel method for improving the estimated FBNs utilizing matrix factorization (MF). More specifically, we firstly construct FBNs based on three traditional methods, including PC, SR, and HoFC. Then, we reduce the rank of these FBNs via MF model for estimating FBN with low-rank structure. Finally, to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method, experiments have been conducted to identify the subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) from norm controls (NCs) using the estimated FBNs. The results on Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) dataset and Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (ABIDE) dataset demonstrate that the classification performances achieved by our proposed method are better than the selected baseline methods.展开更多
Brain lateralization for language in high-functioning children with autism spectrum conditions (ASC) and sensory processing were explored as a part of a neuropsychological profile. A dichotic listening test and the Lu...Brain lateralization for language in high-functioning children with autism spectrum conditions (ASC) and sensory processing were explored as a part of a neuropsychological profile. A dichotic listening test and the Luria laterality subtest were administered to all participants (including controls) and the sensory profile test only to the ASC group. The usual right ear advantage was not exhibited by children with ASC and anomalies in auditory filtering were found. The sensory profile of 60% of the sample was characterized by hypersensitivity to auditory stimuli, hyposensitivity to vestibular information, high emotional reactions to sensory experiences, poor psychosocial coping strategies, high distractibility and inability to interpret body and facial language. Hyper-responsiveness to environmental auditory stimuli was significantly associated with impaired attention. Similarly, non-adaptive responses to sensory quotidian experiences were strongly connected to poor coping strategies. Our results, although preliminary, contribute to emphasizing the importance of including additional assessment methods such as the dichotic listening and the sensory profile questionnaire in the evaluation of cognitive profile in high-functioning children with ASC to plan an individualized psycho-educative intervention.展开更多
BACKGROUND Health-related risky behaviors generally refer to behaviors that have a negative impact on health and quality of life.Health-related risky behaviors in adolescents with high-functioning autism(HFA)have not ...BACKGROUND Health-related risky behaviors generally refer to behaviors that have a negative impact on health and quality of life.Health-related risky behaviors in adolescents with high-functioning autism(HFA)have not been well understood so far.Adolescents with HFA may have more health-related risky behaviors than neurotypical adolescents.AIM To investigate health-related risky behaviors and their risk factors with HFA.METHODS This is an observational study.Our study enrolled 110 adolescents aged 12-19-years-old meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 4th edition criteria for HFA.They were recruited from Peking University Sixth Hospital.There were also 110 age,sex and nationality matched controls enrolled who came from a public school in Beijing,China.Both groups completed the Adolescents Health-related Risky Behavior Inventory.Nonparametric tests were carried out for comparison of the Adolescents Health-related Risky Behavior Inventory scores between the two groups.Expression recognition,the Inventory of Subjective Life Quality for Child and Adolescent,Chinese Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children,Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Adult-Chinese Revised,Theory of Mind test and Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire were assessed in the autism group to explore factors associated with health-related risky behaviors.Multivariate regression analysis was conducted to explore the risk factors of health-related risky behaviors in the HFA group.RESULTS The results showed that the total score of the Adolescents Health-related Risky Behavior Inventory and scores of“aggression and violence,”“suicide and selfinjury,”“health compromising behavior”and“unprotected sex”subscales in the HFA group were significantly higher than those in the control group(Z range-4.197 to-2.213,P<0.05).Among the associated factors,poor emotional experience(B=-0.268,P<0.001),depression(B=-0.321,P<0.001),low score of intelligence(B=-0.032,P=0.042),low score of Theory of Mind test(B=-1.321,P=0.003)and poor adapt展开更多
文摘目的:探讨高功能孤独症儿童的统合型房树人(S-HTP)绘画测验特征及其社会性发展。方法:对符合美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版(Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fourth Edition,DSM-Ⅳ)的35例高功能孤独症儿童和年龄、性别、智商相匹配的70例正常对照儿童进行S-HTP绘画测验,分析高功能孤独症儿童S-HTP绘画测验特征(整体评价15个项目、房屋评价9个项目、树木评价5个项目和人物评价14个项目)。结果:在S-HTP绘画测验中,高功能孤独症儿童绘画特征与正常儿童存在明显差异。在主要反映社交互动水平的整体评价中有8个项目存在差异,如孤独症患儿绘画的画面统合性强的比例明显低于正常儿童[5.7%(2/35)vs.67.1%(47/70),P<0.05];在主要反映家庭关系的房屋评价中的有4个项目存在差异,如孤独症儿童绘画中人只在房屋外面的比例明显高于正常儿童[100%(35/35)vs.85.7%(60/70),P<0.05];在主要反映无意识的自我形象的树木评价中有4个项目存在差异,如孤独症儿童树木简化的比例明显高于正常儿童[73.5%(25/35)vs.24.3%(17/70),P<0.05];在主要反映有意识的自我形象和人际关系的人物评价中有8个项目存在差异,如孤独症儿童绘画人物数目2人以上的比例明显低于正常儿童[20.0%(7/35)vs.68.6%(48/70),P<0.05]。结论:高功能孤独症儿童统合型房树人绘画测验绘画特征反映出其社会性发展落后于正常同龄儿童,主要表现在社交互动、人际关系、自我概念和家庭关系方面。
文摘Functional brain networks (FBNs) provide a potential way for understanding the brain organizational patterns and diagnosing neurological diseases. Due to its importance, many FBN construction methods have been proposed currently, including the low-order Pearson’s correlation (PC) and sparse representation (SR), as well as the high-order functional connection (HoFC). However, most existing methods usually ignore the information of topological structures of FBN, such as low-rank structure which can reduce the noise and improve modularity to enhance the stability of networks. In this paper, we propose a novel method for improving the estimated FBNs utilizing matrix factorization (MF). More specifically, we firstly construct FBNs based on three traditional methods, including PC, SR, and HoFC. Then, we reduce the rank of these FBNs via MF model for estimating FBN with low-rank structure. Finally, to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method, experiments have been conducted to identify the subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) from norm controls (NCs) using the estimated FBNs. The results on Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) dataset and Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (ABIDE) dataset demonstrate that the classification performances achieved by our proposed method are better than the selected baseline methods.
文摘Brain lateralization for language in high-functioning children with autism spectrum conditions (ASC) and sensory processing were explored as a part of a neuropsychological profile. A dichotic listening test and the Luria laterality subtest were administered to all participants (including controls) and the sensory profile test only to the ASC group. The usual right ear advantage was not exhibited by children with ASC and anomalies in auditory filtering were found. The sensory profile of 60% of the sample was characterized by hypersensitivity to auditory stimuli, hyposensitivity to vestibular information, high emotional reactions to sensory experiences, poor psychosocial coping strategies, high distractibility and inability to interpret body and facial language. Hyper-responsiveness to environmental auditory stimuli was significantly associated with impaired attention. Similarly, non-adaptive responses to sensory quotidian experiences were strongly connected to poor coping strategies. Our results, although preliminary, contribute to emphasizing the importance of including additional assessment methods such as the dichotic listening and the sensory profile questionnaire in the evaluation of cognitive profile in high-functioning children with ASC to plan an individualized psycho-educative intervention.
基金Supported by National Key R&D Program of China,No.2017YFC1309900Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission,No.Z171100001017088 and No.Z161100000116098.
文摘BACKGROUND Health-related risky behaviors generally refer to behaviors that have a negative impact on health and quality of life.Health-related risky behaviors in adolescents with high-functioning autism(HFA)have not been well understood so far.Adolescents with HFA may have more health-related risky behaviors than neurotypical adolescents.AIM To investigate health-related risky behaviors and their risk factors with HFA.METHODS This is an observational study.Our study enrolled 110 adolescents aged 12-19-years-old meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 4th edition criteria for HFA.They were recruited from Peking University Sixth Hospital.There were also 110 age,sex and nationality matched controls enrolled who came from a public school in Beijing,China.Both groups completed the Adolescents Health-related Risky Behavior Inventory.Nonparametric tests were carried out for comparison of the Adolescents Health-related Risky Behavior Inventory scores between the two groups.Expression recognition,the Inventory of Subjective Life Quality for Child and Adolescent,Chinese Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children,Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Adult-Chinese Revised,Theory of Mind test and Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire were assessed in the autism group to explore factors associated with health-related risky behaviors.Multivariate regression analysis was conducted to explore the risk factors of health-related risky behaviors in the HFA group.RESULTS The results showed that the total score of the Adolescents Health-related Risky Behavior Inventory and scores of“aggression and violence,”“suicide and selfinjury,”“health compromising behavior”and“unprotected sex”subscales in the HFA group were significantly higher than those in the control group(Z range-4.197 to-2.213,P<0.05).Among the associated factors,poor emotional experience(B=-0.268,P<0.001),depression(B=-0.321,P<0.001),low score of intelligence(B=-0.032,P=0.042),low score of Theory of Mind test(B=-1.321,P=0.003)and poor adapt
