There are many issues surrounding the performance of critical assets on high-speed ballasted railway lines.At assets like switch & crossings and bridge transitions high track forces can be produced resulting in hi...There are many issues surrounding the performance of critical assets on high-speed ballasted railway lines.At assets like switch & crossings and bridge transitions high track forces can be produced resulting in higher ballast settlements and hence track misalignments.The latter result in higher track forces and hence more settlement,leading to the need for increased track maintenance to ensure comfort and safety.Current technologies for solving issues like ballast movement under high-speed loading regimes are limited.However,a technique that has been well used across the UK and now increasingly overseas to stabilise and reinforce ballasted railway tracks is the application of in-situ polyurethane polymers,termed XiTRACK.This paper discusses how this technique can be used to solve these types of long-standing issues and presents actual polymer application profiles at two typical critical sites,namely a junction and a transition onto concrete slab-track.展开更多
High-speed railway bridges are subjected to normative limitations concerning maximum permissible deck accelerations.For the design of these structures,the European norm EN 1991-2 introduces the high-speed load model(H...High-speed railway bridges are subjected to normative limitations concerning maximum permissible deck accelerations.For the design of these structures,the European norm EN 1991-2 introduces the high-speed load model(HSLM)—a set of point loads intended to include the effects of existing high-speed trains.Yet,the evolution of current trains and the recent development of new load models motivate a discussion regarding the limits of validity of the HSLM.For this study,a large number of randomly generated load models of articulated,conventional,and regular trains are tested and compared with the envelope of HSLM effects.For each type of train,two sets of 100,000 load models are considered:one abiding by the limits of the EN 1991-2 and another considering wider limits.This comparison is achieved using both a bridge-independent metric(train signatures)and dynamic analyses on a case study bridge(the Canelas bridge of the Portuguese Railway Network).For the latter,a methodology to decrease the computational cost of moving loads analysis is introduced.Results show that some theoretical load models constructed within the stipulated limits of the norm can lead to effects not covered by the HSLM.This is especially noted in conventional trains,where there is a relation with larger distances between centres of adjacent vehicle bogies.展开更多
Purpose-In an increasingly interconnected world,transportation infrastructure has emerged as a critical determinant of economic growth and global competitiveness.High-speed rail(HSR),characterized by its exceptional s...Purpose-In an increasingly interconnected world,transportation infrastructure has emerged as a critical determinant of economic growth and global competitiveness.High-speed rail(HSR),characterized by its exceptional speed and efficiency,has garnered widespread attention as a transformative mode of transportation that transcends borders and fosters economic development.The Kuala Lumpur-Singapore(KL-SG)HSR project stands as a prominent exemplar of this paradigm,symbolizing the potential of HSR to serve as a catalyst for national economic advancement.Design/methodologylapproach-This paper is prepared to provide an insight into the benefits and advantages of HSR based on proven case studies and references from global HSRs,including China,Spain,France and Japan.Findings-The findings that have been obtained focus on enhanced connectivity and accessibility,attracting foreign direct investment,revitalizing regional economies,urban development and city regeneration,boosting tourism and cultural exchange,human capital development,regionai integration and environmental and sustainability benefits.Originality/value-The KL-SG HSR,linking Kuala Lumpur and Singapore,epitomizes the potential for HSR to be a transformative agent in the realm of economic development.This project encapsulates the aspirations of two dynamic Southeast Asian economies,united in their pursuit of sustainable growth,enhanced connectivity and global competitiveness.By scrutinizing the KLSG High-Speed Rail through the lens of economic benchmarking,a deeper understanding emerges of how such projects can drive progress in areas such as cross-border trade,tourism,urban development and technological innovation.展开更多
High-speed railways are very important in global transportation.However,the railway subgrade is significantly affected by the environment due to its exposure to the atmosphere.At present,global warming is the primary ...High-speed railways are very important in global transportation.However,the railway subgrade is significantly affected by the environment due to its exposure to the atmosphere.At present,global warming is the primary trend in world climate change and seriously damages railway infrastructure.Owing to the coupling effect of extreme environmental and train loads,various subgrade problems tend to arise,such as settlement,ballast fouling,and mud pumping,thus inducing frequent railway accidents and reducing travel safety.Insights into the problems triggered by extreme climate and train loads are critical to the design and long-term operation of high-speed railway subgrades.This study therefore presents a detailed survey of recent advances in typical subgrade problems through analyzing the problem formation mechanisms and influences.Traditional and emerging detection/monitoring technologies in respect of subgrade problems are discussed in detail,as well as pre-accident and post-accident maintenance methods.Finally,according to the existing challenges in long-term subgrade shakedown assessment,an outlook on open opportunities is provided for future research.展开更多
Concrete slabs are widely used in modern railways to increase the inherent resilient quality of the tracks,provide safe and smooth rides,and reduce the maintenance frequency.In this paper,the elastic performance of a ...Concrete slabs are widely used in modern railways to increase the inherent resilient quality of the tracks,provide safe and smooth rides,and reduce the maintenance frequency.In this paper,the elastic performance of a novel slab trackform for high-speed railways is investigated using three-dimensional finite element modelling in Abaqus.It is then compared to the performance of a ballasted track.First,slab and ballasted track models are developed to replicate the full-scale testing of track sections.Once the models are calibrated with the experimental results,the novel slab model is developed and compared against the calibrated slab track results.The slab and ballasted track models are then extended to create linear dynamic models,considering the track geodynamics,and simulating train passages at various speeds,for which the Ledsgard documented case was used to validate the models.Trains travelling at low and high speeds are analysed to investigate the track deflections and the wave propagation in the soil,considering the issues associated with critical speeds.Various train loading methods are discussed,and the most practical approach is retained and described.Moreover,correlations are made between the geotechnical parameters of modern high-speed rail and conventional standards.It is found that considering the same ground condition,the slab track deflections are considerably smaller than those of the ballasted track at high speeds,while they show similar behaviour at low speeds.展开更多
The vibrations induced by the passage of high-speed trains(HSTs)are considered a crucial issue in the field of environmental and geotechnical engineering.Several wave barriers have been investigated to reduce the detr...The vibrations induced by the passage of high-speed trains(HSTs)are considered a crucial issue in the field of environmental and geotechnical engineering.Several wave barriers have been investigated to reduce the detrimental effects of HST-induced vibrations.This study is focused on the potential implementation of an innovative mitigation technique to alleviate the developed vibrations.In particular,the use of expanded polystyrene(EPS)blocks as partial fill material of embankment slopes was examined.The efficiency of the proposed mitigation technique was numerically investigated.More specifically,a 3 D soil-track model was developed to study the cross-section of a railway track,embankment,and the underlying soil layers.The passage of the HST,Thalys,was simulated using a moving load method,and the soil response was calculated at several distances from the track.Several parameters influenced the effectiveness of the examined mitigation measure.Therefore,to ensure an optimal design,a robust procedure is necessary which considers the impact of these factors.Hence,the implementation of EPS blocks on several embankments with different geometry,in terms of height and slope angle,was investigated.展开更多
An experimental study and theoretical analysis were carried out to explore the ground-borne vibration generated by elevated high-speed railway in rock strata.Taking a typical rail line constructed on rock area in Chin...An experimental study and theoretical analysis were carried out to explore the ground-borne vibration generated by elevated high-speed railway in rock strata.Taking a typical rail line constructed on rock area in China as the research object,a set of field tests was performed on Rizhao-Lankao High-Speed Railway,the bridge and ground vibrations were measured as trains passed at 330−340 km/h,then the transferring law and spatial distribution under individual frequencies were investigated.The experiment results indicate that the bridge frequency spectrum exhibited relatively high-frequency vibration peaks caused by short-wavelength irregularity;ground vibration farther than 30 m away can be amplified with a higher frequency and numerous components.Furthermore,the wave propagation equation of a stratified rock strata was established based on direct-stiffness method to explore the vibration attenuation rules via frequency-domain analysis.It is found that the rock area has a weaker correlation between vibration transmissibility and frequency,thicker and harder rock strata loss their vibration attenuation capacity.It can be concluded that the high-speed railways induced vibration on rock strata shows a wide frequency band and large amplitude,the design of reducing vibration aimed at specific frequency is important according to next more detailed numerical study.展开更多
Considering the application of wind-forecasting technology along the railway,it becomes an effective means to reduce the risk of tain more reliable wind-speed prediction results,this study proposes an intelligent ense...Considering the application of wind-forecasting technology along the railway,it becomes an effective means to reduce the risk of tain more reliable wind-speed prediction results,this study proposes an intelligent ensemble forecasting method for strong winds train derailment and overturning.Accurate prediction of crosswinds can provide scientific guidance for safe train operation.To obalong the high-speed railway.The method consists of three parts:the data preprocessing module,the hybrid prediction module and original wind speed data.Then,Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno(BFGS)method,non-linear autoregressive network with exoge-the reinforcement learing ensemble module.First,fast ensemble empirical model decomposition(FEEMD)is used to process the prediction models for all the sublayers of decomposition.Finally,Q-learning is utilized to iteratively calculate the combined weights nous inputs(NARX)and deep belief network(DBN),three benchmark predictors with different characteristics are employed to build of the three models,and the prediction results of each sublayer are superimposed to obtain the model output.The real wind speed data of two railway stations in Xinjiang are used for experimental comparison.Experiments show that compared with the single benchmark model,the hybrid ensemble model has better accumacy and robustness for wind speed prediction along the railway.The 1-step forecasting results mean absolute error(MAE),mean absolute percentage error(MAPE)and root mean square error(RMSE)of Q-leaming-FEEMD-BFGS-NARX-DBN in site #1 and site #2 are 0.0894 m/s,0.6509%,0.1146 m/s,and 0.0458 m/s.0.2709%,0.0616 m/s.respectively.The proposed ensemble model is a promising method for railway wind speed prediction.展开更多
Departing from the present situation, this paper attempts to highlight future prospects of high-speed railways. A panorama of high-speed lines worldwide is first given and the limits of a further increase of rail spee...Departing from the present situation, this paper attempts to highlight future prospects of high-speed railways. A panorama of high-speed lines worldwide is first given and the limits of a further increase of rail speeds are surveyed. It is explained that rail high speeds are feasible only for large population concentrations. The impact of high speeds on the reduction of travel times is studied. It is established a causal relationship between rail share and reduced travel times. Diversities concerning technical characteristics from one system to another are emphasized together with differences in construction costs from one case to another.展开更多
To handle the handover challenge in Express Train Access Networks(ETAN).mobility fading effects in high speed railway environments should be addressed first.Based on the investigation of fading effects in this paper,w...To handle the handover challenge in Express Train Access Networks(ETAN).mobility fading effects in high speed railway environments should be addressed first.Based on the investigation of fading effects in this paper,we obtain two theoretical bounds:HOTiming upper bound and HO-Margin lower bound,which are helpful guidelines to study the handover challenge today and in the future.Then,we apply them to analyze performance of conventional handover technologies and our proposal in ETAN.This follow-up theory analyses and simulation experiment results demonstrate that the proposed handover solution can minimize handover time up to 4ms(which is the fastest one so far),and reduce HO-Margin to 0.16 dB at a train speed of 350km/h.展开更多
Discomfort caused by long-term sitting decreases the passenger experience and may lead to musculoskeletal diseases, and this hasbecome one of the main problems for passengers of high-speed railways. However, the comfo...Discomfort caused by long-term sitting decreases the passenger experience and may lead to musculoskeletal diseases, and this hasbecome one of the main problems for passengers of high-speed railways. However, the comfort degradation mechanism during longtermsitting in high-speed railways is still unknown. This study aimed to reveal passengers’ sitting comfort degradation mechanismin high-speed railways. By carrying out long-term sitting tests on high-speed trains running on the Shanghai-Kunming line, the dynamicinterface pressure and subjective comfort including overall and regional comfort of seven participants were obtained.Machinelearning models and statistical analysis methods were combined for data analysis to reveal the effect of regional comfort and thecontribution of sitting duration during the process of sitting comfort degradation. The results show that overall comfort is most significantlyinfluenced by the comfort of the shoulders, waist and buttocks. The seats play different roles before and after 20 minutesduring long-term sitting and there is a lag between the fatigue occurring and being offset. Therefore, the structure of seats affectsoverall comfort by affecting important regional comfort, and a long-term sitting test is necessary for accurate seat assessment. Thecomfort degradation mechanism can be used to define standards for long-term sitting comfort or provide guidance for seat evaluation,and the design and evaluation plan mentioned in this article for second-class seats can be applied to other cases with limitedaccommodating space.展开更多
High-speed railways have the merits of high speed, high transport capacity, low consumption of energy, less pollution, less occupation of land, and greater safety. The development of high-speed railways is suitable fo...High-speed railways have the merits of high speed, high transport capacity, low consumption of energy, less pollution, less occupation of land, and greater safety. The development of high-speed railways is suitable for the national conditions in China.The authors suggest that, with the Hu-Ning (Shanghai-Nanjing) section of the Jing-Hu (Beijing-Shanghai) Railway as the starting point, a high-speed dedicated passenger railway line be built to realize the separate transportation of passengers and goods, thus easing the strain on transport in East China, accumulating experience for the future development of high-speed railways, and bringing along the development of high and new technology industries.展开更多
基金Project (No. EP/H027262/1) partially supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council,UK
文摘There are many issues surrounding the performance of critical assets on high-speed ballasted railway lines.At assets like switch & crossings and bridge transitions high track forces can be produced resulting in higher ballast settlements and hence track misalignments.The latter result in higher track forces and hence more settlement,leading to the need for increased track maintenance to ensure comfort and safety.Current technologies for solving issues like ballast movement under high-speed loading regimes are limited.However,a technique that has been well used across the UK and now increasingly overseas to stabilise and reinforce ballasted railway tracks is the application of in-situ polyurethane polymers,termed XiTRACK.This paper discusses how this technique can be used to solve these types of long-standing issues and presents actual polymer application profiles at two typical critical sites,namely a junction and a transition onto concrete slab-track.
基金This work was financially supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology(FCT)through the PhD scholarship PD/BD/143007/2018The authors would like also to acknowledge the financial support of the projects IN2TRACK2-Research into enhanced track and switch and crossing system 2 and IN2TRACK3-Research into optimised and future railway infrastructure funded by European funds through the H2020(SHIFT2RAIL Innovation Programme)and of the Base Funding-UIDB/04708/2020 of the CONSTRUCT-Instituto de I&D em Estruturas e Construções-funded by national funds through the FCT/MCTES(PIDDAC).
文摘High-speed railway bridges are subjected to normative limitations concerning maximum permissible deck accelerations.For the design of these structures,the European norm EN 1991-2 introduces the high-speed load model(HSLM)—a set of point loads intended to include the effects of existing high-speed trains.Yet,the evolution of current trains and the recent development of new load models motivate a discussion regarding the limits of validity of the HSLM.For this study,a large number of randomly generated load models of articulated,conventional,and regular trains are tested and compared with the envelope of HSLM effects.For each type of train,two sets of 100,000 load models are considered:one abiding by the limits of the EN 1991-2 and another considering wider limits.This comparison is achieved using both a bridge-independent metric(train signatures)and dynamic analyses on a case study bridge(the Canelas bridge of the Portuguese Railway Network).For the latter,a methodology to decrease the computational cost of moving loads analysis is introduced.Results show that some theoretical load models constructed within the stipulated limits of the norm can lead to effects not covered by the HSLM.This is especially noted in conventional trains,where there is a relation with larger distances between centres of adjacent vehicle bogies.
基金Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia(UTHM)through Tier 1(Vot H936).
文摘Purpose-In an increasingly interconnected world,transportation infrastructure has emerged as a critical determinant of economic growth and global competitiveness.High-speed rail(HSR),characterized by its exceptional speed and efficiency,has garnered widespread attention as a transformative mode of transportation that transcends borders and fosters economic development.The Kuala Lumpur-Singapore(KL-SG)HSR project stands as a prominent exemplar of this paradigm,symbolizing the potential of HSR to serve as a catalyst for national economic advancement.Design/methodologylapproach-This paper is prepared to provide an insight into the benefits and advantages of HSR based on proven case studies and references from global HSRs,including China,Spain,France and Japan.Findings-The findings that have been obtained focus on enhanced connectivity and accessibility,attracting foreign direct investment,revitalizing regional economies,urban development and city regeneration,boosting tourism and cultural exchange,human capital development,regionai integration and environmental and sustainability benefits.Originality/value-The KL-SG HSR,linking Kuala Lumpur and Singapore,epitomizes the potential for HSR to be a transformative agent in the realm of economic development.This project encapsulates the aspirations of two dynamic Southeast Asian economies,united in their pursuit of sustainable growth,enhanced connectivity and global competitiveness.By scrutinizing the KLSG High-Speed Rail through the lens of economic benchmarking,a deeper understanding emerges of how such projects can drive progress in areas such as cross-border trade,tourism,urban development and technological innovation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52125803 and 51988101).
文摘High-speed railways are very important in global transportation.However,the railway subgrade is significantly affected by the environment due to its exposure to the atmosphere.At present,global warming is the primary trend in world climate change and seriously damages railway infrastructure.Owing to the coupling effect of extreme environmental and train loads,various subgrade problems tend to arise,such as settlement,ballast fouling,and mud pumping,thus inducing frequent railway accidents and reducing travel safety.Insights into the problems triggered by extreme climate and train loads are critical to the design and long-term operation of high-speed railway subgrades.This study therefore presents a detailed survey of recent advances in typical subgrade problems through analyzing the problem formation mechanisms and influences.Traditional and emerging detection/monitoring technologies in respect of subgrade problems are discussed in detail,as well as pre-accident and post-accident maintenance methods.Finally,according to the existing challenges in long-term subgrade shakedown assessment,an outlook on open opportunities is provided for future research.
基金Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) is also acknowledged for funding this work under Grant Number EP/N009207/1.
文摘Concrete slabs are widely used in modern railways to increase the inherent resilient quality of the tracks,provide safe and smooth rides,and reduce the maintenance frequency.In this paper,the elastic performance of a novel slab trackform for high-speed railways is investigated using three-dimensional finite element modelling in Abaqus.It is then compared to the performance of a ballasted track.First,slab and ballasted track models are developed to replicate the full-scale testing of track sections.Once the models are calibrated with the experimental results,the novel slab model is developed and compared against the calibrated slab track results.The slab and ballasted track models are then extended to create linear dynamic models,considering the track geodynamics,and simulating train passages at various speeds,for which the Ledsgard documented case was used to validate the models.Trains travelling at low and high speeds are analysed to investigate the track deflections and the wave propagation in the soil,considering the issues associated with critical speeds.Various train loading methods are discussed,and the most practical approach is retained and described.Moreover,correlations are made between the geotechnical parameters of modern high-speed rail and conventional standards.It is found that considering the same ground condition,the slab track deflections are considerably smaller than those of the ballasted track at high speeds,while they show similar behaviour at low speeds.
基金Project supported by Greece and the European Union(European Social Fund)through the Operational Programme“Human Resources Development,Education,and Lifelong Learning 2014-2020”in the Context of the Project“Strengthening Human Resources Research Potential via Doctorate Research-2nd Cycle”(No.MIS 5000432)。
文摘The vibrations induced by the passage of high-speed trains(HSTs)are considered a crucial issue in the field of environmental and geotechnical engineering.Several wave barriers have been investigated to reduce the detrimental effects of HST-induced vibrations.This study is focused on the potential implementation of an innovative mitigation technique to alleviate the developed vibrations.In particular,the use of expanded polystyrene(EPS)blocks as partial fill material of embankment slopes was examined.The efficiency of the proposed mitigation technique was numerically investigated.More specifically,a 3 D soil-track model was developed to study the cross-section of a railway track,embankment,and the underlying soil layers.The passage of the HST,Thalys,was simulated using a moving load method,and the soil response was calculated at several distances from the track.Several parameters influenced the effectiveness of the examined mitigation measure.Therefore,to ensure an optimal design,a robust procedure is necessary which considers the impact of these factors.Hence,the implementation of EPS blocks on several embankments with different geometry,in terms of height and slope angle,was investigated.
基金Project(2016YFE0205200)supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of ChinaProjects(U1734207,51978585)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China。
文摘An experimental study and theoretical analysis were carried out to explore the ground-borne vibration generated by elevated high-speed railway in rock strata.Taking a typical rail line constructed on rock area in China as the research object,a set of field tests was performed on Rizhao-Lankao High-Speed Railway,the bridge and ground vibrations were measured as trains passed at 330−340 km/h,then the transferring law and spatial distribution under individual frequencies were investigated.The experiment results indicate that the bridge frequency spectrum exhibited relatively high-frequency vibration peaks caused by short-wavelength irregularity;ground vibration farther than 30 m away can be amplified with a higher frequency and numerous components.Furthermore,the wave propagation equation of a stratified rock strata was established based on direct-stiffness method to explore the vibration attenuation rules via frequency-domain analysis.It is found that the rock area has a weaker correlation between vibration transmissibility and frequency,thicker and harder rock strata loss their vibration attenuation capacity.It can be concluded that the high-speed railways induced vibration on rock strata shows a wide frequency band and large amplitude,the design of reducing vibration aimed at specific frequency is important according to next more detailed numerical study.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Research and Development Program of China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd.(Grant No.N2021T007)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61873283)the Changsha Science&Technology Project(Grant No.KQ1707017).
文摘Considering the application of wind-forecasting technology along the railway,it becomes an effective means to reduce the risk of tain more reliable wind-speed prediction results,this study proposes an intelligent ensemble forecasting method for strong winds train derailment and overturning.Accurate prediction of crosswinds can provide scientific guidance for safe train operation.To obalong the high-speed railway.The method consists of three parts:the data preprocessing module,the hybrid prediction module and original wind speed data.Then,Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno(BFGS)method,non-linear autoregressive network with exoge-the reinforcement learing ensemble module.First,fast ensemble empirical model decomposition(FEEMD)is used to process the prediction models for all the sublayers of decomposition.Finally,Q-learning is utilized to iteratively calculate the combined weights nous inputs(NARX)and deep belief network(DBN),three benchmark predictors with different characteristics are employed to build of the three models,and the prediction results of each sublayer are superimposed to obtain the model output.The real wind speed data of two railway stations in Xinjiang are used for experimental comparison.Experiments show that compared with the single benchmark model,the hybrid ensemble model has better accumacy and robustness for wind speed prediction along the railway.The 1-step forecasting results mean absolute error(MAE),mean absolute percentage error(MAPE)and root mean square error(RMSE)of Q-leaming-FEEMD-BFGS-NARX-DBN in site #1 and site #2 are 0.0894 m/s,0.6509%,0.1146 m/s,and 0.0458 m/s.0.2709%,0.0616 m/s.respectively.The proposed ensemble model is a promising method for railway wind speed prediction.
文摘Departing from the present situation, this paper attempts to highlight future prospects of high-speed railways. A panorama of high-speed lines worldwide is first given and the limits of a further increase of rail speeds are surveyed. It is explained that rail high speeds are feasible only for large population concentrations. The impact of high speeds on the reduction of travel times is studied. It is established a causal relationship between rail share and reduced travel times. Diversities concerning technical characteristics from one system to another are emphasized together with differences in construction costs from one case to another.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program)(No.2012CB315606 and 2010CB328201)
文摘To handle the handover challenge in Express Train Access Networks(ETAN).mobility fading effects in high speed railway environments should be addressed first.Based on the investigation of fading effects in this paper,we obtain two theoretical bounds:HOTiming upper bound and HO-Margin lower bound,which are helpful guidelines to study the handover challenge today and in the future.Then,we apply them to analyze performance of conventional handover technologies and our proposal in ETAN.This follow-up theory analyses and simulation experiment results demonstrate that the proposed handover solution can minimize handover time up to 4ms(which is the fastest one so far),and reduce HO-Margin to 0.16 dB at a train speed of 350km/h.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52075553)the Hunan Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of China(Grant No.2021JJ10059)the School Enterprise Cooperation Program of Central South University(Grant No.2021XQLH011).
文摘Discomfort caused by long-term sitting decreases the passenger experience and may lead to musculoskeletal diseases, and this hasbecome one of the main problems for passengers of high-speed railways. However, the comfort degradation mechanism during longtermsitting in high-speed railways is still unknown. This study aimed to reveal passengers’ sitting comfort degradation mechanismin high-speed railways. By carrying out long-term sitting tests on high-speed trains running on the Shanghai-Kunming line, the dynamicinterface pressure and subjective comfort including overall and regional comfort of seven participants were obtained.Machinelearning models and statistical analysis methods were combined for data analysis to reveal the effect of regional comfort and thecontribution of sitting duration during the process of sitting comfort degradation. The results show that overall comfort is most significantlyinfluenced by the comfort of the shoulders, waist and buttocks. The seats play different roles before and after 20 minutesduring long-term sitting and there is a lag between the fatigue occurring and being offset. Therefore, the structure of seats affectsoverall comfort by affecting important regional comfort, and a long-term sitting test is necessary for accurate seat assessment. Thecomfort degradation mechanism can be used to define standards for long-term sitting comfort or provide guidance for seat evaluation,and the design and evaluation plan mentioned in this article for second-class seats can be applied to other cases with limitedaccommodating space.
文摘High-speed railways have the merits of high speed, high transport capacity, low consumption of energy, less pollution, less occupation of land, and greater safety. The development of high-speed railways is suitable for the national conditions in China.The authors suggest that, with the Hu-Ning (Shanghai-Nanjing) section of the Jing-Hu (Beijing-Shanghai) Railway as the starting point, a high-speed dedicated passenger railway line be built to realize the separate transportation of passengers and goods, thus easing the strain on transport in East China, accumulating experience for the future development of high-speed railways, and bringing along the development of high and new technology industries.
