AIM： To determine whether the hematocrit （Hct） at admission or at 24 h after admission was associated with severe acute pancreatitis （AP）, organ failure （OF）, and pancreatic necrosis. METHODS： A total of 336 c...AIM： To determine whether the hematocrit （Hct） at admission or at 24 h after admission was associated with severe acute pancreatitis （AP）, organ failure （OF）, and pancreatic necrosis. METHODS： A total of 336 consecutive patients with a first AP episode were studied. Etiology, Hct values at admission and at 24 h, development of severe AP according to Atlanta＇s criteria, pancreatic necrosis, OF and mortality were recorded. Hemoconcentration was defined as Hct level 〉44% for males and 〉40% for females. The t-test and ;x^2 test were used to assess the association of hemoconcentration to the severity, necrosis and OF. Diagnostic accuracy was also determined. RESULTS： Biliary disease was the most frequent etiology （n = 148）. Mean Hct levels at admission were 41±6% for females and 46±7% for males （P〈0.01）. Seventyeight （23%） patients had severe AP, and OF developed in 45 （13%） patients. According to contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan, 36% （54/150） patients showed pancreatic necrosis. Hct levels were elevated in 58% （55/96） and 61% （33/54） patients with interstitial and necrotizing pancreatitis, respectively. Neither Hct levels at admission nor hemoconcentration at 24 h were associated with the severity, necrosis or OF. Sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive values for both determinations were very low; and negative predictive values were between 61% and 86%, being the highest value for OF. CONCLUSION： Hct is not a useful marker to predict a worse outcome in acute pancreatitis. In spite of the high negative predictive value of hemoconcentration, the prognosis gain is limited due to an already high incidence of mild disease.展开更多
Introduction: Systemic capillary leak syndrome (SCLS) is an increasingly recognized rare syndrome. Its diagnosis is suggested by the occurrence of edema with arterial hypotension, hemoconcentration, and paradoxical hy...Introduction: Systemic capillary leak syndrome (SCLS) is an increasingly recognized rare syndrome. Its diagnosis is suggested by the occurrence of edema with arterial hypotension, hemoconcentration, and paradoxical hypoalbuminemia. SCLS can be idiopathic (Clarkson syndrome) or secondary. Secondary SCLS (SSCLS) is mainly triggered by infections (especially viruses), drugs (antitumor therapy), malignancies, and inflammatory diseases. We report a case of systemic capillary leak syndrome secondary to the COVID-19 infection. Observation: A 74-year-old chronic smoker with no particular history was initially admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with a picture of respiratory distress secondary to a COVID-19 infection with favorable evolution, hence his transfer to the emergency services. On Day 8 of hospitalization, following the installation of arterial hypotension, not responding to filling, associated with hypoalbuminemia, and generalized edematous syndrome, and in the absence of any other explanation for this clinical picture, a SCLS secondary to COVID-19 infection was suggested. On the balance sheet, after the discovery of acute renal failure, serum creatinine went from 7.9 mg/l to 16.6 mg/l with microalbuminuria at 420 mg/24h and leukocyturia at 20 elements/mm<sup>3</sup> without germ-evoked tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) secondary to a viral infection with COVID-19. The evolution was marked by the spontaneous regression of the edema and the normalization of the blood pressure figures. Discussion: The classic triad combining hypotension, hemoconcentration, and hypoalbuminemia suggests the diagnosis of SCLS once all other causes of shock have been ruled out. Hemoconcentration is less constant in SSCLS than in ISCLS. This is the case with our patient. The exact pathophysiological process of SCLS is largely unknown. Viral infections are the most common infectious cause of SCLS. The kidneys are the second-most common organs affected by the SARS-Cov-2 coronavirus infection. The presence of nephritis can be used展开更多
目的研究体外循环下心脏手术剩余机血经超滤处理,是否可提高机血回输后对患者血红蛋白和血浆游离血红蛋白(PFHb)的增长量、减少机血回输量和术后肾功能的影响。方法入选60名择期行体外循环心脏手术的成人患者,对照组(n=30)将剩余机血直...目的研究体外循环下心脏手术剩余机血经超滤处理,是否可提高机血回输后对患者血红蛋白和血浆游离血红蛋白(PFHb)的增长量、减少机血回输量和术后肾功能的影响。方法入选60名择期行体外循环心脏手术的成人患者,对照组(n=30)将剩余机血直接经主动脉插管回输或收集至输血袋中经外周静脉回输;超滤组(n=30)则对机血进行超滤浓缩处理后回输。比较两组机血回输后患者血红蛋白及游离血红蛋白增长量(△Hb,△PFHb)、机血回输量、术后24 h引流量、术后机械通气时间、术后肌酐增长率及急性肾功能损伤(AKI)发生率。结果超滤组机血输注完毕后△Hb高于对照组[△Hb(18±11) g/L vs (12±6) g/L,P=0.03],机血回输量少于对照组[550(325,615) ml vs 1 000(900,1 180) ml,P <0.001],回输后患者△PFHb高于对照组[100(0,200) mg/L vs 0(-100,0) mg/L,P=0.03],术后24 h引流量、机械通气时间、术后血肌酐增长率及AKI发生率无统计学差异。结论与机血直接回输相比,体外循环下心脏手术剩余机血经超滤处理后回输可有效提高患者Hb水平、减轻液体负荷,虽然机血超滤可引起PFHb升高,但未发现与术后肾损伤相关。展开更多
Background The consumption of carbohydrate-electrolyte beverages （CEs） has been known to be more effective than plain water for recovery from dehydration. This phenomenon suggests that the ingestion of CEs after deh...Background The consumption of carbohydrate-electrolyte beverages （CEs） has been known to be more effective than plain water for recovery from dehydration. This phenomenon suggests that the ingestion of CEs after dehydration is better than water for maintaining body fluid and plasma volume, and for the recovery from hemoconcentration and high blood viscosity as well. High blood viscosity causes infarction and other cardiovascular events. In this study, CE was compared with water and tea for the ability to reduce increased blood viscosity after dehydration. Methods A crossover random control study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of three beverages for rehydration and decreasing of blood viscosity. Following exercise-induced dehydration of 2.2% of body weight in a permanent warm environment, 10 male subjects rested in a thermoneutral environment for 3 hours （rehydration period, REP）. The subjects ingested test beverages equal to their body weight loss during the first 20 minutes in REP. Blood and urine samples were obtained throughout the experiments to assess the rehydration effect. Results The change in blood viscosity at a shear rate of 5/s was significantly lower in CE （（-1.66±0.21） mPa.s） in comparison to water （（-0.95±0.26） mPa.s） or tea （（-0.92±0.14） mPa.s） at 60th minute during the REP. The fluid retention rate was significantly greater for CE （（77.0±3.9）%） than water （（61.2±3.4）%） and tea （（60.5±3.7）%） for 3 hours of rest in REP. Conclusions The recovery from high blood viscosity induced by dehydration was higher with CE consumption than with water or tea. These results suggest that CE is useful for normalizing increased blood viscosity due to exercise-induced dehydration.展开更多
文摘AIM： To determine whether the hematocrit （Hct） at admission or at 24 h after admission was associated with severe acute pancreatitis （AP）, organ failure （OF）, and pancreatic necrosis. METHODS： A total of 336 consecutive patients with a first AP episode were studied. Etiology, Hct values at admission and at 24 h, development of severe AP according to Atlanta＇s criteria, pancreatic necrosis, OF and mortality were recorded. Hemoconcentration was defined as Hct level 〉44% for males and 〉40% for females. The t-test and ;x^2 test were used to assess the association of hemoconcentration to the severity, necrosis and OF. Diagnostic accuracy was also determined. RESULTS： Biliary disease was the most frequent etiology （n = 148）. Mean Hct levels at admission were 41±6% for females and 46±7% for males （P〈0.01）. Seventyeight （23%） patients had severe AP, and OF developed in 45 （13%） patients. According to contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan, 36% （54/150） patients showed pancreatic necrosis. Hct levels were elevated in 58% （55/96） and 61% （33/54） patients with interstitial and necrotizing pancreatitis, respectively. Neither Hct levels at admission nor hemoconcentration at 24 h were associated with the severity, necrosis or OF. Sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive values for both determinations were very low; and negative predictive values were between 61% and 86%, being the highest value for OF. CONCLUSION： Hct is not a useful marker to predict a worse outcome in acute pancreatitis. In spite of the high negative predictive value of hemoconcentration, the prognosis gain is limited due to an already high incidence of mild disease.
文摘Introduction: Systemic capillary leak syndrome (SCLS) is an increasingly recognized rare syndrome. Its diagnosis is suggested by the occurrence of edema with arterial hypotension, hemoconcentration, and paradoxical hypoalbuminemia. SCLS can be idiopathic (Clarkson syndrome) or secondary. Secondary SCLS (SSCLS) is mainly triggered by infections (especially viruses), drugs (antitumor therapy), malignancies, and inflammatory diseases. We report a case of systemic capillary leak syndrome secondary to the COVID-19 infection. Observation: A 74-year-old chronic smoker with no particular history was initially admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with a picture of respiratory distress secondary to a COVID-19 infection with favorable evolution, hence his transfer to the emergency services. On Day 8 of hospitalization, following the installation of arterial hypotension, not responding to filling, associated with hypoalbuminemia, and generalized edematous syndrome, and in the absence of any other explanation for this clinical picture, a SCLS secondary to COVID-19 infection was suggested. On the balance sheet, after the discovery of acute renal failure, serum creatinine went from 7.9 mg/l to 16.6 mg/l with microalbuminuria at 420 mg/24h and leukocyturia at 20 elements/mm<sup>3</sup> without germ-evoked tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) secondary to a viral infection with COVID-19. The evolution was marked by the spontaneous regression of the edema and the normalization of the blood pressure figures. Discussion: The classic triad combining hypotension, hemoconcentration, and hypoalbuminemia suggests the diagnosis of SCLS once all other causes of shock have been ruled out. Hemoconcentration is less constant in SSCLS than in ISCLS. This is the case with our patient. The exact pathophysiological process of SCLS is largely unknown. Viral infections are the most common infectious cause of SCLS. The kidneys are the second-most common organs affected by the SARS-Cov-2 coronavirus infection. The presence of nephritis can be used
文摘目的研究体外循环下心脏手术剩余机血经超滤处理,是否可提高机血回输后对患者血红蛋白和血浆游离血红蛋白(PFHb)的增长量、减少机血回输量和术后肾功能的影响。方法入选60名择期行体外循环心脏手术的成人患者,对照组(n=30)将剩余机血直接经主动脉插管回输或收集至输血袋中经外周静脉回输;超滤组(n=30)则对机血进行超滤浓缩处理后回输。比较两组机血回输后患者血红蛋白及游离血红蛋白增长量(△Hb,△PFHb)、机血回输量、术后24 h引流量、术后机械通气时间、术后肌酐增长率及急性肾功能损伤(AKI)发生率。结果超滤组机血输注完毕后△Hb高于对照组[△Hb(18±11) g/L vs (12±6) g/L,P=0.03],机血回输量少于对照组[550(325,615) ml vs 1 000(900,1 180) ml,P <0.001],回输后患者△PFHb高于对照组[100(0,200) mg/L vs 0(-100,0) mg/L,P=0.03],术后24 h引流量、机械通气时间、术后血肌酐增长率及AKI发生率无统计学差异。结论与机血直接回输相比,体外循环下心脏手术剩余机血经超滤处理后回输可有效提高患者Hb水平、减轻液体负荷,虽然机血超滤可引起PFHb升高,但未发现与术后肾损伤相关。
文摘Background The consumption of carbohydrate-electrolyte beverages （CEs） has been known to be more effective than plain water for recovery from dehydration. This phenomenon suggests that the ingestion of CEs after dehydration is better than water for maintaining body fluid and plasma volume, and for the recovery from hemoconcentration and high blood viscosity as well. High blood viscosity causes infarction and other cardiovascular events. In this study, CE was compared with water and tea for the ability to reduce increased blood viscosity after dehydration. Methods A crossover random control study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of three beverages for rehydration and decreasing of blood viscosity. Following exercise-induced dehydration of 2.2% of body weight in a permanent warm environment, 10 male subjects rested in a thermoneutral environment for 3 hours （rehydration period, REP）. The subjects ingested test beverages equal to their body weight loss during the first 20 minutes in REP. Blood and urine samples were obtained throughout the experiments to assess the rehydration effect. Results The change in blood viscosity at a shear rate of 5/s was significantly lower in CE （（-1.66±0.21） mPa.s） in comparison to water （（-0.95±0.26） mPa.s） or tea （（-0.92±0.14） mPa.s） at 60th minute during the REP. The fluid retention rate was significantly greater for CE （（77.0±3.9）%） than water （（61.2±3.4）%） and tea （（60.5±3.7）%） for 3 hours of rest in REP. Conclusions The recovery from high blood viscosity induced by dehydration was higher with CE consumption than with water or tea. These results suggest that CE is useful for normalizing increased blood viscosity due to exercise-induced dehydration.
