OriginalTranslation The avian influenza A(H7N9)virus is a zoonotic virus that is closely associated with live poultry markets.It has caused infections in humans in China since 2013.Five waves of the H7N9 influenza epi...OriginalTranslation The avian influenza A(H7N9)virus is a zoonotic virus that is closely associated with live poultry markets.It has caused infections in humans in China since 2013.Five waves of the H7N9 influenza epidemic occurred in China between March 2013 and September 2017.H7N9 with low-pathogenicity dominated in the first four waves,whereas highly pathogenic H7N9 influenza emerged in poultry and spread to humans during the fifth wave,causing wide concern.Specialists and officials from China and other countries responded quickly,controlled the epidemic well thus far,and characterized the virus by using new technologies and surveillance tools that were made possible by their preparedness efforts.Here,we review the characteristics of the H7N9 viruses that were identified while controlling the spread of the disease.It was summarized and discussed from the perspectives of molecular epidemiology,clinical features,virulence and pathogenesis,receptor binding,T-cell responses,monoclonal antibody development,vaccine development,and disease burden.These data provide tools for minimizing the future threat of H7N9 and other emerging and re-emerging viruses,such as SARS-CoV-2.展开更多
The DNA vaccine pCIHA5 encoding hemagglutinin can protect SPF chicken against lethal H5N1 avian influenza virus challenge. The more characters about its protection efficacity were studied. The protective rates in 10...The DNA vaccine pCIHA5 encoding hemagglutinin can protect SPF chicken against lethal H5N1 avian influenza virus challenge. The more characters about its protection efficacity were studied. The protective rates in 10, 40, 70, 100 and 150 μg groups immunized with pCIHA5 were 12.5 (1/8), 58.3 (7/12), 72.7 (8/11), 50.0 (6/12) and 66.7% (8/12), respectively. The protective rates in 5, 20, 35 and 50 μg groups were 145.5 (5/11), 58.3 (7/12), 58.3 (7/12) and 91.7% (11/12), respectively. The 70, 100 and 5 μg groups have virus shedding of 1/8, 2/6 and 1/5. Though the inactived oil-emulsion vaccine has high HI antibody titers and 100% protective rate, the AGP antibody could be detected after vaccination. Results show that the pCIHA5 is fit to boost by intramuscular injection. This would be useful to the study on gene engineering vaccine of avian influenza virus.展开更多
[Objective] The paper was to introduce the research progress of 2009 influenza A virus. [Method] 2009 influenza A virus was introduced from the aspects of classification and host, virology, molecular characteristics a...[Objective] The paper was to introduce the research progress of 2009 influenza A virus. [Method] 2009 influenza A virus was introduced from the aspects of classification and host, virology, molecular characteristics and vaccine. [Result] A novel influenza A/H1N1 virus emerged in early April 2009 quickly spread worldwide through human-to-human transmission. The virus contained a group of novel gene segments, the nearest known precursor was the virus found in swine. The virus appeared to retain the potential to infect swine again and thus continued reassort with swine viruses. All registered 2009 influenza A vaccines were tested for safety and immunogenicity in clinical trials on human volunteers, and all vaccines were found to be safe, single dose of vaccine could cause protective antibody responses. [Conclusion] The paper provided basis for further study on 2009 influenza A virus.展开更多
基金This study was supported by the Shenzhen Science and Technology Research and Development Project(No.JCYJ201604271519-20801)Innovation Unit for Emerging and Re-emerging Virus Adaptive Evolution Study and the Applications in Disease Control(No.2019-I2M-5-009)+3 种基金National Mega-projects for Infectious Diseases(No.2020ZX10001016-005-001)W.J.L.is supported by the Excellent Young Scientist Program of the NSFC(No.81822040)and Beijing New-star Plan of Science and Technology(No.Z181100006218080)H.X.is supported by Tianjin Synthetic Biotechnology Innovation Capacity Improvement Project(No.TSBICIP-KJGG-004-04)G.F.G.is a leading principal investigator of the National Natural Science Foundation of China Innovative Research Group(No.81621091).
文摘OriginalTranslation The avian influenza A(H7N9)virus is a zoonotic virus that is closely associated with live poultry markets.It has caused infections in humans in China since 2013.Five waves of the H7N9 influenza epidemic occurred in China between March 2013 and September 2017.H7N9 with low-pathogenicity dominated in the first four waves,whereas highly pathogenic H7N9 influenza emerged in poultry and spread to humans during the fifth wave,causing wide concern.Specialists and officials from China and other countries responded quickly,controlled the epidemic well thus far,and characterized the virus by using new technologies and surveillance tools that were made possible by their preparedness efforts.Here,we review the characteristics of the H7N9 viruses that were identified while controlling the spread of the disease.It was summarized and discussed from the perspectives of molecular epidemiology,clinical features,virulence and pathogenesis,receptor binding,T-cell responses,monoclonal antibody development,vaccine development,and disease burden.These data provide tools for minimizing the future threat of H7N9 and other emerging and re-emerging viruses,such as SARS-CoV-2.
文摘The DNA vaccine pCIHA5 encoding hemagglutinin can protect SPF chicken against lethal H5N1 avian influenza virus challenge. The more characters about its protection efficacity were studied. The protective rates in 10, 40, 70, 100 and 150 μg groups immunized with pCIHA5 were 12.5 (1/8), 58.3 (7/12), 72.7 (8/11), 50.0 (6/12) and 66.7% (8/12), respectively. The protective rates in 5, 20, 35 and 50 μg groups were 145.5 (5/11), 58.3 (7/12), 58.3 (7/12) and 91.7% (11/12), respectively. The 70, 100 and 5 μg groups have virus shedding of 1/8, 2/6 and 1/5. Though the inactived oil-emulsion vaccine has high HI antibody titers and 100% protective rate, the AGP antibody could be detected after vaccination. Results show that the pCIHA5 is fit to boost by intramuscular injection. This would be useful to the study on gene engineering vaccine of avian influenza virus.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31070619)~~
文摘[Objective] The paper was to introduce the research progress of 2009 influenza A virus. [Method] 2009 influenza A virus was introduced from the aspects of classification and host, virology, molecular characteristics and vaccine. [Result] A novel influenza A/H1N1 virus emerged in early April 2009 quickly spread worldwide through human-to-human transmission. The virus contained a group of novel gene segments, the nearest known precursor was the virus found in swine. The virus appeared to retain the potential to infect swine again and thus continued reassort with swine viruses. All registered 2009 influenza A vaccines were tested for safety and immunogenicity in clinical trials on human volunteers, and all vaccines were found to be safe, single dose of vaccine could cause protective antibody responses. [Conclusion] The paper provided basis for further study on 2009 influenza A virus.
