Objective: In kidney diseases, uncontrolled blood pressure, inflammation, oxidative stress, imbalanced immunity response, metabolic dysfunction were associated with the progressive deterioration of renal function. Sho...Objective: In kidney diseases, uncontrolled blood pressure, inflammation, oxidative stress, imbalanced immunity response, metabolic dysfunction were associated with the progressive deterioration of renal function. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), as a group of metabolites fermented by gut microbiota exerted regulatory effects on kidney diseases through their activation of transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors and their inhibition of histone acetylation. In this review article, we updated recent research advances that provided an opportunity to explore our understanding in physiology and function of SCFAs in kidney disease. Data sources: We performed a comprehensive search in both PubMed and Embase using short-chain fatty acids55 and "kidney" with no restrictions on publication date. Study selection: After reading through the title and abstract for early screening, the full text of relevant studies was identified and reviewed to summarize the roles of SCFAs in kidney diseases. Results: Though controversial, growing evidence suggested SCFAs appeared to have a complex but yet poorly understood communications with cellular and molecular processes that affected kidney function and responses to injury. From recent studies, SCFAs influenced multiple aspects of renal physiology including inflammation and immunity, fibrosis, blood pressure, and energy metabolism. Conclusions: The roles of intestinal SCFAs in kidney diseases were exciting regions in recent years;however, clinical trials and animal experiments in kidney diseases were still lacked. Thus, more research would be needed to obtain better understanding of SCFAs' potential effects in kidney diseases.展开更多
At present,clinical interventions for chronic kidney disease are very limited,and most patients rely on dialysis to sustain their lives for a long time.However,studies on the gut—kidney axis have shown that the gut m...At present,clinical interventions for chronic kidney disease are very limited,and most patients rely on dialysis to sustain their lives for a long time.However,studies on the gut—kidney axis have shown that the gut microbiota is a potentially effective target for correcting or controlling chronic kidney disease.This study showed that berberine,a natural drug with low oral availability,significantly ameliorated chronic kidney disease by altering the composition of the gut microbiota and inhibiting the production of gut-derived uremic toxins,including p-cresol.Furthermore,berberine reduced the content of pcresol sulfate in plasma mainly by lowering the abundance of g_Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 and inhibiting the tyrosine—p-cresol pathway of the intestinal flora.Meanwhile,berberine increased the butyric acid producing bacteria and the butyric acid content in feces,while decreased the renal toxic trimethylamine N-oxide.These findings suggest that berberine may be a therapeutic drug with significant potential to ameliorate chronic kidney disease through the gut—kidney axis.展开更多
In recent years,preclinical research on diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has surged to the forefront of scientific and clinical attention.DKD has become a pervasive complication of type 2 diabetes.Given the complexity of...In recent years,preclinical research on diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has surged to the forefront of scientific and clinical attention.DKD has become a pervasive complication of type 2 diabetes.Given the complexity of its etiology and pathological mechanisms,current interventions,including drugs,dietary modifications,exercise,hypoglycemic treatments and lipid-lowering methods,often fall short in achieving desired therapeutic outcomes.Iridoids,primarily derived from the potent components of traditional herbs,have been the subject of long-standing research.Preclinical data suggest that iridoids possess notable renal protective properties;however,there has been no summary of the research on their efficacy in the management and treatment of DKD.This article consolidates findings from in vivo and in vitro research on iridoids in the context of DKD and highlights their shared anti-inflammatory activities in treating this condition.Additionally,it explores how certain iridoid components modify their chemical structures through the regulation of intestinal flora,potentially bolstering their therapeutic effects.This review provides a focused examination of the mechanisms through which iridoids may prevent or treat DKD,offering valuable insights for future research endeavors.展开更多
文摘Objective: In kidney diseases, uncontrolled blood pressure, inflammation, oxidative stress, imbalanced immunity response, metabolic dysfunction were associated with the progressive deterioration of renal function. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), as a group of metabolites fermented by gut microbiota exerted regulatory effects on kidney diseases through their activation of transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors and their inhibition of histone acetylation. In this review article, we updated recent research advances that provided an opportunity to explore our understanding in physiology and function of SCFAs in kidney disease. Data sources: We performed a comprehensive search in both PubMed and Embase using short-chain fatty acids55 and "kidney" with no restrictions on publication date. Study selection: After reading through the title and abstract for early screening, the full text of relevant studies was identified and reviewed to summarize the roles of SCFAs in kidney diseases. Results: Though controversial, growing evidence suggested SCFAs appeared to have a complex but yet poorly understood communications with cellular and molecular processes that affected kidney function and responses to injury. From recent studies, SCFAs influenced multiple aspects of renal physiology including inflammation and immunity, fibrosis, blood pressure, and energy metabolism. Conclusions: The roles of intestinal SCFAs in kidney diseases were exciting regions in recent years;however, clinical trials and animal experiments in kidney diseases were still lacked. Thus, more research would be needed to obtain better understanding of SCFAs' potential effects in kidney diseases.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFA0806400)the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMS+2 种基金Nos.2022-I2M-JB-011,2022-I2M-2-002,and 2021-I2M-1-007,China)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82173888 and 81973290)Beijing Key Laboratory of Non-Clinical Drug Metabolism and PK/PD study(Z141102004414062,China)。
文摘At present,clinical interventions for chronic kidney disease are very limited,and most patients rely on dialysis to sustain their lives for a long time.However,studies on the gut—kidney axis have shown that the gut microbiota is a potentially effective target for correcting or controlling chronic kidney disease.This study showed that berberine,a natural drug with low oral availability,significantly ameliorated chronic kidney disease by altering the composition of the gut microbiota and inhibiting the production of gut-derived uremic toxins,including p-cresol.Furthermore,berberine reduced the content of pcresol sulfate in plasma mainly by lowering the abundance of g_Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 and inhibiting the tyrosine—p-cresol pathway of the intestinal flora.Meanwhile,berberine increased the butyric acid producing bacteria and the butyric acid content in feces,while decreased the renal toxic trimethylamine N-oxide.These findings suggest that berberine may be a therapeutic drug with significant potential to ameliorate chronic kidney disease through the gut—kidney axis.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.82074400)key projects supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and Joint Fund for Regional Innovation and Development (No.U21A20411)。
文摘In recent years,preclinical research on diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has surged to the forefront of scientific and clinical attention.DKD has become a pervasive complication of type 2 diabetes.Given the complexity of its etiology and pathological mechanisms,current interventions,including drugs,dietary modifications,exercise,hypoglycemic treatments and lipid-lowering methods,often fall short in achieving desired therapeutic outcomes.Iridoids,primarily derived from the potent components of traditional herbs,have been the subject of long-standing research.Preclinical data suggest that iridoids possess notable renal protective properties;however,there has been no summary of the research on their efficacy in the management and treatment of DKD.This article consolidates findings from in vivo and in vitro research on iridoids in the context of DKD and highlights their shared anti-inflammatory activities in treating this condition.Additionally,it explores how certain iridoid components modify their chemical structures through the regulation of intestinal flora,potentially bolstering their therapeutic effects.This review provides a focused examination of the mechanisms through which iridoids may prevent or treat DKD,offering valuable insights for future research endeavors.
基金Song Liqun National Studio for Inheritance of Famous Traditional Chinese Medicine Experts Construction Project(National Letter on TCM Education(2022)No.75)The 7th Batch of National Academic Experience Successors of Senior Traditional Chinese Medicine Experts Project(National Letter on TCM Education(2022)No.76)。
