植被净初级生产力(net primary productivity, NPP)在全球气候变化及碳循环研究中扮演着重要的角色,精准快速的估算NPP对评估区域生态系统承载力以及合理利用自然资源具有重要的意义。利用2011-2014年甘南地面实测草地地上生物量(aboveg...植被净初级生产力(net primary productivity, NPP)在全球气候变化及碳循环研究中扮演着重要的角色,精准快速的估算NPP对评估区域生态系统承载力以及合理利用自然资源具有重要的意义。利用2011-2014年甘南地面实测草地地上生物量(aboveground biomass, AGB)数据和根冠比系数计算的草地NPP数据,分别验证了MOD17A3 NPP产品和基于CASA(Carnegie-Ames-Stanford approach)模型估算的草地NPP的精度,分析了2000-2016年甘南地区草地NPP的时空动态变化。结果表明:基于CASA模型模拟的草地NPP精度整体上高于MOD17A3 NPP产品的精度,其均方根误差(root mean square error, RMSE)较MOD17A3 NPP小9.94 g C·m^-2;CASA模型分析的甘南地区草地NPP总体上呈现由西南向东北逐渐减少的趋势;对不同草地类型而言,沼泽类的平均NPP最高(469.07 g C·m^-2),温性草原类最低(324.18 g C·m^-2),而占研究区草地总面积比例较大的高寒草甸类和高寒灌丛草甸类草地的平均NPP分别为449.22和465.27 g C·m^-2;2000-2016年间,甘南地区大部分草地NPP稳定不变,其面积占研究区草地总面积的75.31%,NPP呈增加趋势的区域占草地面积的22.63%,而NPP呈减少趋势的区域占比最小,仅为2.06%。以上研究结果表明CASA模型在高寒地区草地NPP评估、草地资源合理利用与管理方面具有重要的应用价值。展开更多
Understanding the net primary productivity(NPP) of grassland is crucial to evaluate the terrestrial carbon cycle. In this study, we investigated the spatial distribution and the area of global grassland across the glo...Understanding the net primary productivity(NPP) of grassland is crucial to evaluate the terrestrial carbon cycle. In this study, we investigated the spatial distribution and the area of global grassland across the globe. Then, we used the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach(CASA) model to estimate global grassland NPP and explore the spatio-temporal variations of grassland NPP in response to climate change from 1982 to 2008. Results showed that the largest area of grassland distribution during the study period was in Asia(1737.23 × 104 km^2), while the grassland area in Europe was relatively small(202.83 × 10~4 km^2). Temporally, the total NPP increased with fluctuations from 1982 to 2008, with an annual increase rate of 0.03 Pg C/yr. The total NPP experienced a significant increasing trend from 1982 to 1995, while a decreasing trend was observed from 1996 to 2008. Spatially, the grassland NPP in South America and Africa were higher than the other regions, largely as a result of these regions are under warm and wet climatic conditions. The highest mean NPP was recorded for savannas(560.10 g C/(m^2·yr)), whereas the lowest was observed in open shrublands with an average NPP of 162.53 g C/(m^2·yr). The relationship between grassland NPP and annual mean temperature and annual precipitation(AMT, AP, respectively) varies with changes in AP, which indicates that, grassland NPP is more sensitive to precipitation than temperature.展开更多
云贵川草地是中国草地的重要组成部分,在我国生态文明建设和响应全球气候变化中具有重要的地位,分析其净初级生产力(NPP)变化格局具有重要意义。利用研究区的AVHRR、MODIS遥感影像等数据及周边地区的气象资料,结合改进的CASA模型,对云...云贵川草地是中国草地的重要组成部分,在我国生态文明建设和响应全球气候变化中具有重要的地位,分析其净初级生产力(NPP)变化格局具有重要意义。利用研究区的AVHRR、MODIS遥感影像等数据及周边地区的气象资料,结合改进的CASA模型,对云贵川地区草地1996~2015年20 a间的NPP及草地植被相关生态特征进行估算,并对其时空特征及影响因素进行分析。结果表明:(1)20 a间云贵川草地NDVI值变化规律性明显,97.18%的草地面积年平均NDVImax呈现增加趋势。(2)20 a间云贵川草地NPP总体上呈现出"西北低、西南高、东部居中"的空间格局,年均NPP值为420.85 g C·m-2。(3)时间格局上,20 a间整个云贵川区域逐年平均NPP值虽然有一定的波动性,但仍以7.2322 g C·m-2·a-1的速率在增加。20 a间夏季NPP平均值最高,为160.25 g C·m-2;春季次之,NPP平均值为109.10 g C·m-2;秋季与春季相比,NPP值稍低,为106.10 g C·m-2;冬季最低,为54.03 g C·m-2。展开更多
文摘植被净初级生产力(net primary productivity,NPP)及其对气候变化的响应研究是全球变化的核心内容之一。通过改进的光能利用率模型(CASA模型),利用MODIS NDVI数据、土地覆盖分类数据、气象数据等,逐像元模拟2001-2010年内蒙古草地生态系统NPP的时空变化,分析其对气候因子变化的响应关系。结果表明,1)2001-2010年内蒙古草地多年平均NPP为281.3 g C/(m2.a),空间分布呈由西南向东北递增的趋势,草甸草原、典型草原和荒漠草原平均NPP分别为431.8,288.7和123.5 g C/(m2.a);2)2001-2010年间内蒙古草地NPP总体上呈上升趋势。NPP上升趋势最明显的草地主要分布在毛乌素沙地、浑善达克沙地、科尔沁沙地、呼伦贝尔盟和大兴安岭南麓地区,而下降趋势最明显的草地主要分布在阴山山脉和锡林郭勒盟中部的典型草原区;3)总体而言,降水量是内蒙古草地净初级生产力的主要影响因素。草甸草原NPP与降水量、温度的关系均很密切,而且与温度的相关性更强;典型草原和荒漠草原NPP则主要受降水量控制,其中荒漠草原NPP与降水量的关系更密切。
文摘植被净初级生产力(net primary productivity, NPP)在全球气候变化及碳循环研究中扮演着重要的角色,精准快速的估算NPP对评估区域生态系统承载力以及合理利用自然资源具有重要的意义。利用2011-2014年甘南地面实测草地地上生物量(aboveground biomass, AGB)数据和根冠比系数计算的草地NPP数据,分别验证了MOD17A3 NPP产品和基于CASA(Carnegie-Ames-Stanford approach)模型估算的草地NPP的精度,分析了2000-2016年甘南地区草地NPP的时空动态变化。结果表明:基于CASA模型模拟的草地NPP精度整体上高于MOD17A3 NPP产品的精度,其均方根误差(root mean square error, RMSE)较MOD17A3 NPP小9.94 g C·m^-2;CASA模型分析的甘南地区草地NPP总体上呈现由西南向东北逐渐减少的趋势;对不同草地类型而言,沼泽类的平均NPP最高(469.07 g C·m^-2),温性草原类最低(324.18 g C·m^-2),而占研究区草地总面积比例较大的高寒草甸类和高寒灌丛草甸类草地的平均NPP分别为449.22和465.27 g C·m^-2;2000-2016年间,甘南地区大部分草地NPP稳定不变,其面积占研究区草地总面积的75.31%,NPP呈增加趋势的区域占草地面积的22.63%,而NPP呈减少趋势的区域占比最小,仅为2.06%。以上研究结果表明CASA模型在高寒地区草地NPP评估、草地资源合理利用与管理方面具有重要的应用价值。
文摘植被净初级生产力（net primary productivity,NPP）及其对气候变化的响应研究是全球变化的核心内容之一。基于地理信息系统和卫星遥感应用技术,利用CASA模型估算了2001-2008年甘南草地NPP,在模型验证的基础上,分析了甘南草地NPP空间分布格局和时间分布特征。结果表明,1）2001-2008年甘南草地多年平均NPP为483.41 g C/（m2.a）,大体呈现由西南向东北逐渐减少的趋势,单位面积多年平均NPP在海拔3 000~3 500 m最高,达到497.07 g C/（m2.a）;2）甘南草地植被生长季节变化明显,主要生长期集中在第177~240天;3）甘南草地NPP呈现增加趋势,增长趋势最明显的草地类型是低平地草甸类,而沼泽的变幅最小,通过与8年间温度和降水的分析可以看出,影响甘南草地NPP变化的主要驱动力是降水量。
基金Under the auspices of Asia Pacific Network for Global Change Research(APN)Global Change Fund Project(No.ARCP2015-03CMY-Li)+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41271361,41501575)National Key Research and Development Project(No.2018YFD0800201)Key Project of Chinese National Programs for Fundamental Research and Development(No.2010CB950702)
文摘Understanding the net primary productivity(NPP) of grassland is crucial to evaluate the terrestrial carbon cycle. In this study, we investigated the spatial distribution and the area of global grassland across the globe. Then, we used the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach(CASA) model to estimate global grassland NPP and explore the spatio-temporal variations of grassland NPP in response to climate change from 1982 to 2008. Results showed that the largest area of grassland distribution during the study period was in Asia(1737.23 × 104 km^2), while the grassland area in Europe was relatively small(202.83 × 10~4 km^2). Temporally, the total NPP increased with fluctuations from 1982 to 2008, with an annual increase rate of 0.03 Pg C/yr. The total NPP experienced a significant increasing trend from 1982 to 1995, while a decreasing trend was observed from 1996 to 2008. Spatially, the grassland NPP in South America and Africa were higher than the other regions, largely as a result of these regions are under warm and wet climatic conditions. The highest mean NPP was recorded for savannas(560.10 g C/(m^2·yr)), whereas the lowest was observed in open shrublands with an average NPP of 162.53 g C/(m^2·yr). The relationship between grassland NPP and annual mean temperature and annual precipitation(AMT, AP, respectively) varies with changes in AP, which indicates that, grassland NPP is more sensitive to precipitation than temperature.
文摘云贵川草地是中国草地的重要组成部分,在我国生态文明建设和响应全球气候变化中具有重要的地位,分析其净初级生产力(NPP)变化格局具有重要意义。利用研究区的AVHRR、MODIS遥感影像等数据及周边地区的气象资料,结合改进的CASA模型,对云贵川地区草地1996~2015年20 a间的NPP及草地植被相关生态特征进行估算,并对其时空特征及影响因素进行分析。结果表明:(1)20 a间云贵川草地NDVI值变化规律性明显,97.18%的草地面积年平均NDVImax呈现增加趋势。(2)20 a间云贵川草地NPP总体上呈现出"西北低、西南高、东部居中"的空间格局,年均NPP值为420.85 g C·m-2。(3)时间格局上,20 a间整个云贵川区域逐年平均NPP值虽然有一定的波动性,但仍以7.2322 g C·m-2·a-1的速率在增加。20 a间夏季NPP平均值最高,为160.25 g C·m-2;春季次之,NPP平均值为109.10 g C·m-2;秋季与春季相比,NPP值稍低,为106.10 g C·m-2;冬季最低,为54.03 g C·m-2。
