用美国ASD公司的FieldSpee Pro FR^(TM)光谱仪获得了防火期内含水率不同的草地可燃物的光谱数据,用烘干称重法获得了样品的含水率数据,并用包络线去除法处理样品的光谱反射率曲线。将1400nm附近范围作为水分吸收特征波段,计算出了样品...用美国ASD公司的FieldSpee Pro FR^(TM)光谱仪获得了防火期内含水率不同的草地可燃物的光谱数据,用烘干称重法获得了样品的含水率数据,并用包络线去除法处理样品的光谱反射率曲线。将1400nm附近范围作为水分吸收特征波段,计算出了样品的光谱吸收指数、吸收深度指数、曲线长度和曲线面积指数等特征参数,然后对其与实测可燃物含水率的相关性进行了分析。结果发现,曲线长度指数与含水率的相关系数最高,为0.77。通过用曲线长度指数和含水率进行回归分析,建立了数学模型并对其进行了检验。检验结果表明,该模型的预测相关系数r达到0.80以上。这种草地可燃物含水率快速检测方法是用于预测草原火险的一条快速而又直接的新途径。展开更多
Grassland fires results in carbon emissions,which directly affects the carbon cycle of ecosystems and the carbon balance.The grassland area of Inner Mongolia accounts for 22%of the total grassland area in China,and ma...Grassland fires results in carbon emissions,which directly affects the carbon cycle of ecosystems and the carbon balance.The grassland area of Inner Mongolia accounts for 22%of the total grassland area in China,and many fires occur in the area every year.However,there are few models for estimation of carbon emissions from grassland fires.Accurate estimation of direct carbon emissions from grassland fires is critical to quantifying the contribution of grassland fires to the regional balance of atmospheric carbon.In this study,the regression equations for aboveground biomass(AGB)of grassland in growing season and MODIS NDVI(Normalized Difference Vegetation Index)were established through field experiments,then AGB during Nov.–Apr.were retrieved based on that in Oct.and decline rate,finally surface fuel load was obtained for whole year.Based on controlled combustion experiments of different grassland types in Inner Mongolia,the carbon emission rate of grassland fires for each grassland type were determined,then carbon emission was estimated using proposed method and carbon emission rate.Results revealed that annual average surface fuel load of grasslands in Inner Mongolia during 2000–2016 was approximately 1.1978×1012 kg.The total area of grassland which was burned in the Inner Mongolia region over the 17-year period was 5298.75 km2,with the annual average area of 311.69 km2.The spatial distribution of grassland surface fuel loads is characterized by decreasing from northeast to southwest in Inner Mongolia.The total carbon emissions from grassland fires amounted to 2.24×107 kg with an annual average of 1.32×106 for the study area.The areas with most carbon emissions were mainly concentrated in Old Barag Banner and New Barag Right Banner and on the right side of the Oroqin Autonomous Banner.The spatial characteristics of carbon emission depend on the location of grassland fire,mainly in the northeast of Inner Mongolia include Hulunbuir City,Hinggan League,Xilin Gol League and Ulanqab City.The area and spatial l展开更多
文摘用美国ASD公司的FieldSpee Pro FR^(TM)光谱仪获得了防火期内含水率不同的草地可燃物的光谱数据,用烘干称重法获得了样品的含水率数据,并用包络线去除法处理样品的光谱反射率曲线。将1400nm附近范围作为水分吸收特征波段,计算出了样品的光谱吸收指数、吸收深度指数、曲线长度和曲线面积指数等特征参数,然后对其与实测可燃物含水率的相关性进行了分析。结果发现,曲线长度指数与含水率的相关系数最高,为0.77。通过用曲线长度指数和含水率进行回归分析,建立了数学模型并对其进行了检验。检验结果表明,该模型的预测相关系数r达到0.80以上。这种草地可燃物含水率快速检测方法是用于预测草原火险的一条快速而又直接的新途径。
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 4176110141771450+2 种基金41871330)National Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia (No. 2017MS0409)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 2412019BJ001)
文摘Grassland fires results in carbon emissions,which directly affects the carbon cycle of ecosystems and the carbon balance.The grassland area of Inner Mongolia accounts for 22%of the total grassland area in China,and many fires occur in the area every year.However,there are few models for estimation of carbon emissions from grassland fires.Accurate estimation of direct carbon emissions from grassland fires is critical to quantifying the contribution of grassland fires to the regional balance of atmospheric carbon.In this study,the regression equations for aboveground biomass(AGB)of grassland in growing season and MODIS NDVI(Normalized Difference Vegetation Index)were established through field experiments,then AGB during Nov.–Apr.were retrieved based on that in Oct.and decline rate,finally surface fuel load was obtained for whole year.Based on controlled combustion experiments of different grassland types in Inner Mongolia,the carbon emission rate of grassland fires for each grassland type were determined,then carbon emission was estimated using proposed method and carbon emission rate.Results revealed that annual average surface fuel load of grasslands in Inner Mongolia during 2000–2016 was approximately 1.1978×1012 kg.The total area of grassland which was burned in the Inner Mongolia region over the 17-year period was 5298.75 km2,with the annual average area of 311.69 km2.The spatial distribution of grassland surface fuel loads is characterized by decreasing from northeast to southwest in Inner Mongolia.The total carbon emissions from grassland fires amounted to 2.24×107 kg with an annual average of 1.32×106 for the study area.The areas with most carbon emissions were mainly concentrated in Old Barag Banner and New Barag Right Banner and on the right side of the Oroqin Autonomous Banner.The spatial characteristics of carbon emission depend on the location of grassland fire,mainly in the northeast of Inner Mongolia include Hulunbuir City,Hinggan League,Xilin Gol League and Ulanqab City.The area and spatial l
