厘清企业嵌入全球价值链(Global Value Chain,GVC)的环境影响及其机制是实现绿色发展的重要微观基础。本文提出嵌入GVC、能源消耗和企业环境绩效的统一分析框架,并基于微观企业数据开展实证研究。结果显示:嵌入GVC程度上升可以有效降低...厘清企业嵌入全球价值链(Global Value Chain,GVC)的环境影响及其机制是实现绿色发展的重要微观基础。本文提出嵌入GVC、能源消耗和企业环境绩效的统一分析框架,并基于微观企业数据开展实证研究。结果显示:嵌入GVC程度上升可以有效降低企业的污染排放强度。机制分析表明,嵌入GVC主要通过投入结构转型效应促进企业使用进口中间品替代能源消耗,降低企业的能源投入强度,进而提升环境绩效。进一步引入国内环境规制差异的分析发现,中国企业嵌入GVC的投入结构转型效应是基于劳动力比较优势参与国际分工的结果,而非为了规避国内环境规制主动进行的污染外包。动态机制的检验结果显示,嵌入GVC主要通过存续企业“内部减排”和“市场份额再分配”的集约边际,以及“清洁企业进入”的扩展边际降低行业排放强度。在企业退出机制较完善的地区,还可通过“污染企业退出”的扩展边际发挥作用。本文对于新发展阶段下以高水平对外开放协同推进降碳、减污、扩绿、增长具有一定的启示意义。展开更多
针对现代火电厂能耗较高的问题,介绍1种基于全局敏感性分析的火电厂能耗诊断方法。该方法主要由2个部分构成,一部分为基于GWO (Grey Wolf Optimizer,灰狼优化算法)的火电厂能耗诊断模型,另一部分为基于全局敏感性分析的火电厂能耗计算方...针对现代火电厂能耗较高的问题,介绍1种基于全局敏感性分析的火电厂能耗诊断方法。该方法主要由2个部分构成,一部分为基于GWO (Grey Wolf Optimizer,灰狼优化算法)的火电厂能耗诊断模型,另一部分为基于全局敏感性分析的火电厂能耗计算方法,在2个模块共同作用下,准确计算出火电厂能耗水平,以此为火电厂节能优化提供支持,具有一定的应用价值。展开更多
This paper investigated the variation of build- ing heating energy consumption caused by global warming in Tianjin, China. Based on the hourly historical and monthly projected future （B1/A1B emissions scenarios） met...This paper investigated the variation of build- ing heating energy consumption caused by global warming in Tianjin, China. Based on the hourly historical and monthly projected future （B1/A1B emissions scenarios） meteorological data, the variation of those relevant meteorological parameters was first analyzed. A TRNSYS simulation model for a reference building was introduced to investigate historical variation of office building energy consumption. The results showed that the 10-year-average heating energy consumption of 2001-2010 had reduced by 16.1% compared to that of 1961-1970. By conducting principal component analysis and regression analysis, future variation of building heating load was studied. For B1/A1B emissions scenarios, the multi-year-average heating load was found to decrease by 9.7% （18.1%）/ 10.2% （22.7%） compared to that of 1971-2010 by 2011- 2050 （2051-2100）.展开更多
Global energy consumption in the last half century has rapidly increased and is expected to continue to grow over the next 50 years,however,with significant differences.The past increase was stimulated by relatively &...Global energy consumption in the last half century has rapidly increased and is expected to continue to grow over the next 50 years,however,with significant differences.The past increase was stimulated by relatively "cheap" fossil fuels and increased rates of industrialization in North America,Europe and Japan;yet while energy consumption in these countries continues to increase,additional factors make the picture for the next 50 years more complex.These additional complicating factors include China and India's rapid increase in energy use as they represent about a third of the world's population;the expected depletion of oil resources in the near future;and,the effect of human activities on global climate change.On the positive side,the renewable energy(RE) technologies of wind,bio-fuels,solar thermal and photovoltaics(PV) are finally showing maturity and the ultimate promise of cost competitiveness.展开更多
文摘厘清企业嵌入全球价值链(Global Value Chain,GVC)的环境影响及其机制是实现绿色发展的重要微观基础。本文提出嵌入GVC、能源消耗和企业环境绩效的统一分析框架,并基于微观企业数据开展实证研究。结果显示:嵌入GVC程度上升可以有效降低企业的污染排放强度。机制分析表明,嵌入GVC主要通过投入结构转型效应促进企业使用进口中间品替代能源消耗,降低企业的能源投入强度,进而提升环境绩效。进一步引入国内环境规制差异的分析发现,中国企业嵌入GVC的投入结构转型效应是基于劳动力比较优势参与国际分工的结果,而非为了规避国内环境规制主动进行的污染外包。动态机制的检验结果显示,嵌入GVC主要通过存续企业“内部减排”和“市场份额再分配”的集约边际,以及“清洁企业进入”的扩展边际降低行业排放强度。在企业退出机制较完善的地区,还可通过“污染企业退出”的扩展边际发挥作用。本文对于新发展阶段下以高水平对外开放协同推进降碳、减污、扩绿、增长具有一定的启示意义。
文摘针对现代火电厂能耗较高的问题,介绍1种基于全局敏感性分析的火电厂能耗诊断方法。该方法主要由2个部分构成,一部分为基于GWO (Grey Wolf Optimizer,灰狼优化算法)的火电厂能耗诊断模型,另一部分为基于全局敏感性分析的火电厂能耗计算方法,在2个模块共同作用下,准确计算出火电厂能耗水平,以此为火电厂节能优化提供支持,具有一定的应用价值。
文摘This paper investigated the variation of build- ing heating energy consumption caused by global warming in Tianjin, China. Based on the hourly historical and monthly projected future （B1/A1B emissions scenarios） meteorological data, the variation of those relevant meteorological parameters was first analyzed. A TRNSYS simulation model for a reference building was introduced to investigate historical variation of office building energy consumption. The results showed that the 10-year-average heating energy consumption of 2001-2010 had reduced by 16.1% compared to that of 1961-1970. By conducting principal component analysis and regression analysis, future variation of building heating load was studied. For B1/A1B emissions scenarios, the multi-year-average heating load was found to decrease by 9.7% （18.1%）/ 10.2% （22.7%） compared to that of 1971-2010 by 2011- 2050 （2051-2100）.
文摘Global energy consumption in the last half century has rapidly increased and is expected to continue to grow over the next 50 years,however,with significant differences.The past increase was stimulated by relatively "cheap" fossil fuels and increased rates of industrialization in North America,Europe and Japan;yet while energy consumption in these countries continues to increase,additional factors make the picture for the next 50 years more complex.These additional complicating factors include China and India's rapid increase in energy use as they represent about a third of the world's population;the expected depletion of oil resources in the near future;and,the effect of human activities on global climate change.On the positive side,the renewable energy(RE) technologies of wind,bio-fuels,solar thermal and photovoltaics(PV) are finally showing maturity and the ultimate promise of cost competitiveness.
