This article focuses on novels that,located on the boundary between biography,autobiography and fiction,between detailed archival historical research and imagination,between the documentary and the speculative,seek to...This article focuses on novels that,located on the boundary between biography,autobiography and fiction,between detailed archival historical research and imagination,between the documentary and the speculative,seek to reconstruct the life of an ancestor of the writer-narrator to reflect on the traumas,exploitation,hopes,and desires of generations who,in their diasporas,also helped create their modern nations,or whose story challenges the exclusions on which the concept of the nation has been built.The texts discussed are Melania Mazzucco's Vita,Vona Groarke's Hereafter:The Telling Life of Ellen O'Hara,Wu Ming 2 and Antar Mohamed's Timira:Romanzo Meticcio,and Maryse Conde's Victoire,les saveurs et les mots.At their center is the negotiation between the individual truth and the relational story across generations on the one hand,and,on the other hand,the tracing of collective histories such as those of nation,of colonization,of diaspora,of internal and external displacement,of rights and emancipation(the downtrodden,the poor,women,the migrant,the refugees),of the origins of dispossession and the permanence of its effects.At the core of the narratives is also the ghostliness of the erased(from history,from memory,from citizenship),the departed(in the sense of being dead and of having traveled away),and the in-between(generic:between the historical and documentary on the one hand,and the novelistic,the fable,fantasy on the other;geographical:between countries,between places,nationalities,national affiliations;historical:across generations;racial:the mestizo,the mulatto).It is,specifically,the biofictional imagination that enables these diasporic,transnational,transracial accounts to open up the possibility of a different,liberating future,by offering the space to imagine such a future,but also by recognizing,through its explicit acknowledgement of its recourse to fictionality,that it does not aim to construct a new myth to replace historical fact,but that it invites all of us to imagine,and strive to bring into exist展开更多
The present short paper is concerned with accurate explanation as well as quantification of the so called missing dark energy of the cosmos. It was always one of the main objectives of any successful general theory of...The present short paper is concerned with accurate explanation as well as quantification of the so called missing dark energy of the cosmos. It was always one of the main objectives of any successful general theory of high energy particle physics and quantum cosmology to keep non-physical negative norms, the so called ghosts completely out of that theory. The present work takes the completely contrary view by admitting these supposedly spurious states as part of the physical Hilbert space. It is further shown that rethinking the ghost free condition with the two critical spacetime dimensions D<sub>1</sub> = 26 and D<sub>2</sub> = 25 together with the corresponding intercept a<sub>1</sub> = 1 and a<sub>2</sub> ≤ 1 respectively and in addition imposing, as in Gross et al. heterotic superstrings, an overall 496 dimensional exceptional Lie symmetry group, then one will discover that there are two distinct types of energy. The first is positive norm ordinary energy connected to the zero set quantum particles which is very close to the measured ordinary energy density of the cosmos, namely E(O) = mc<sup>2</sup>/22. The second is negative norm (i.e. ghost) energy connected to the empty set quantum wave and is equal to the conjectured dark energy density of the cosmos E(D) = mc<sup>2</sup> (21/22) presumed to be behind the observed accelerated cosmic expansion. That way we were able to not only explain the physics of dark energy without adding any new concepts or novel additional ingredients but also we were able to compute the dark energy density accurately and in full agreement with measurements and observations.展开更多
The regional odontodysplasia, also referred as odontogenic dysplasia, is a rare condition which has been described as an alteration of the dental development affecting the mineralized structures of both the permanent ...The regional odontodysplasia, also referred as odontogenic dysplasia, is a rare condition which has been described as an alteration of the dental development affecting the mineralized structures of both the permanent and deciduous teeth, and it has been associated with retardation in the eruption of the affected teeth, gum edema, hydrocephalus and Epidermal Nevus Syndrome. The etiology is still unknown, however, some hypotheses have been suggested about their origin. About its incidence, this disease is more frequent in the anterior segment of the maxilla and usually unilateral. Epidemiologically this disease shows no predilection for any racial group, being more frequent in the first and second decade of life and predominantly in females. Clinically the Odontodysplasia Regional is characterized as an hypoplasia of enamel and dentin in teeth badly formed with size alteration and form coloration varying of the yellow to chestnut;the presence of smooth and extremely friable dentine, tooth mobility and defective mineralization increases the possibilities of the pulp exposure and a tendency to develop abscesses. Radio-graphically has the appearance of ghosts tooth with a bizarre morphology;reduction of the normal radiopacity decrease of the thickness of the dentine and enamel structures. They generally present with open apexes;shortened or absent roots;diffuse calcification in the inside of the pulp. Histopathologically it presents with accented reduction of the amount of dentin, presence of great interglobular dentine areas and irregular standard of the dentine canals. Enamel is usually thin, hypoplasic and hypocalcified. The pulp presents atrophic areas, fibrose and hyalinization and the cement does not have marked structural alterations. The treatment of the Regional odontodysplasia has been the reason of many quarrels. This present essay aims to review the literature and report a clinical case.展开更多
Changes of sodium ionic concentration of human erythrocytes applied to pulsed electrical field (PEF) were studied by using shift reagent and NMR spectroscopy. The results show that the concentration of intracellular N...Changes of sodium ionic concentration of human erythrocytes applied to pulsed electrical field (PEF) were studied by using shift reagent and NMR spectroscopy. The results show that the concentration of intracellular Na+ increases with the increasing intensity of PEF when the erythrocytes are applied to PEF with higher intensities. The relationship between intracellular Na concentrations and the intensities of PEF does not follow linear or exponen-tial behavior. As the intensities increase, the intracellular Na+ concentrations increase even faster by an exponential curve. However under effects of PEF at lower intensities, intracellular Na+ concentration decreases. Ouabain can in-hibit the decrease of intracellular Na concentration, and the inhibition increases with the increasing concentration of ouabain, suggesting that Na , K -ATPase on cell membrane can be activated by PEF at lower intensities. Direct measurement of activities of the enzyme by using Malachite green method has confirmed this observation. Cell perme-abilities to ions, activation of enzymes by electrical fields and transmission of physical signals like PEF across cell mem-branes are discussed.展开更多
文摘This article focuses on novels that,located on the boundary between biography,autobiography and fiction,between detailed archival historical research and imagination,between the documentary and the speculative,seek to reconstruct the life of an ancestor of the writer-narrator to reflect on the traumas,exploitation,hopes,and desires of generations who,in their diasporas,also helped create their modern nations,or whose story challenges the exclusions on which the concept of the nation has been built.The texts discussed are Melania Mazzucco's Vita,Vona Groarke's Hereafter:The Telling Life of Ellen O'Hara,Wu Ming 2 and Antar Mohamed's Timira:Romanzo Meticcio,and Maryse Conde's Victoire,les saveurs et les mots.At their center is the negotiation between the individual truth and the relational story across generations on the one hand,and,on the other hand,the tracing of collective histories such as those of nation,of colonization,of diaspora,of internal and external displacement,of rights and emancipation(the downtrodden,the poor,women,the migrant,the refugees),of the origins of dispossession and the permanence of its effects.At the core of the narratives is also the ghostliness of the erased(from history,from memory,from citizenship),the departed(in the sense of being dead and of having traveled away),and the in-between(generic:between the historical and documentary on the one hand,and the novelistic,the fable,fantasy on the other;geographical:between countries,between places,nationalities,national affiliations;historical:across generations;racial:the mestizo,the mulatto).It is,specifically,the biofictional imagination that enables these diasporic,transnational,transracial accounts to open up the possibility of a different,liberating future,by offering the space to imagine such a future,but also by recognizing,through its explicit acknowledgement of its recourse to fictionality,that it does not aim to construct a new myth to replace historical fact,but that it invites all of us to imagine,and strive to bring into exist
文摘The present short paper is concerned with accurate explanation as well as quantification of the so called missing dark energy of the cosmos. It was always one of the main objectives of any successful general theory of high energy particle physics and quantum cosmology to keep non-physical negative norms, the so called ghosts completely out of that theory. The present work takes the completely contrary view by admitting these supposedly spurious states as part of the physical Hilbert space. It is further shown that rethinking the ghost free condition with the two critical spacetime dimensions D<sub>1</sub> = 26 and D<sub>2</sub> = 25 together with the corresponding intercept a<sub>1</sub> = 1 and a<sub>2</sub> ≤ 1 respectively and in addition imposing, as in Gross et al. heterotic superstrings, an overall 496 dimensional exceptional Lie symmetry group, then one will discover that there are two distinct types of energy. The first is positive norm ordinary energy connected to the zero set quantum particles which is very close to the measured ordinary energy density of the cosmos, namely E(O) = mc<sup>2</sup>/22. The second is negative norm (i.e. ghost) energy connected to the empty set quantum wave and is equal to the conjectured dark energy density of the cosmos E(D) = mc<sup>2</sup> (21/22) presumed to be behind the observed accelerated cosmic expansion. That way we were able to not only explain the physics of dark energy without adding any new concepts or novel additional ingredients but also we were able to compute the dark energy density accurately and in full agreement with measurements and observations.
文摘The regional odontodysplasia, also referred as odontogenic dysplasia, is a rare condition which has been described as an alteration of the dental development affecting the mineralized structures of both the permanent and deciduous teeth, and it has been associated with retardation in the eruption of the affected teeth, gum edema, hydrocephalus and Epidermal Nevus Syndrome. The etiology is still unknown, however, some hypotheses have been suggested about their origin. About its incidence, this disease is more frequent in the anterior segment of the maxilla and usually unilateral. Epidemiologically this disease shows no predilection for any racial group, being more frequent in the first and second decade of life and predominantly in females. Clinically the Odontodysplasia Regional is characterized as an hypoplasia of enamel and dentin in teeth badly formed with size alteration and form coloration varying of the yellow to chestnut;the presence of smooth and extremely friable dentine, tooth mobility and defective mineralization increases the possibilities of the pulp exposure and a tendency to develop abscesses. Radio-graphically has the appearance of ghosts tooth with a bizarre morphology;reduction of the normal radiopacity decrease of the thickness of the dentine and enamel structures. They generally present with open apexes;shortened or absent roots;diffuse calcification in the inside of the pulp. Histopathologically it presents with accented reduction of the amount of dentin, presence of great interglobular dentine areas and irregular standard of the dentine canals. Enamel is usually thin, hypoplasic and hypocalcified. The pulp presents atrophic areas, fibrose and hyalinization and the cement does not have marked structural alterations. The treatment of the Regional odontodysplasia has been the reason of many quarrels. This present essay aims to review the literature and report a clinical case.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Analytical and Test Center, Beijing.
文摘Changes of sodium ionic concentration of human erythrocytes applied to pulsed electrical field (PEF) were studied by using shift reagent and NMR spectroscopy. The results show that the concentration of intracellular Na+ increases with the increasing intensity of PEF when the erythrocytes are applied to PEF with higher intensities. The relationship between intracellular Na concentrations and the intensities of PEF does not follow linear or exponen-tial behavior. As the intensities increase, the intracellular Na+ concentrations increase even faster by an exponential curve. However under effects of PEF at lower intensities, intracellular Na+ concentration decreases. Ouabain can in-hibit the decrease of intracellular Na concentration, and the inhibition increases with the increasing concentration of ouabain, suggesting that Na , K -ATPase on cell membrane can be activated by PEF at lower intensities. Direct measurement of activities of the enzyme by using Malachite green method has confirmed this observation. Cell perme-abilities to ions, activation of enzymes by electrical fields and transmission of physical signals like PEF across cell mem-branes are discussed.
