DE-ETIOLATED 1(DET1)and CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENESIS 1(COP1)are two essential repressors of Arabidopsis photomorphogenesis.These proteins can associate with CULLIN4 to form independent CRL4-based E3 ubiquitin ligas...DE-ETIOLATED 1(DET1)and CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENESIS 1(COP1)are two essential repressors of Arabidopsis photomorphogenesis.These proteins can associate with CULLIN4 to form independent CRL4-based E3 ubiquitin ligases that mediate the degradation of several photomorphogenic transcription factors,including ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5(HY5),thereby controlling multiple gene-regulatory networks.Despite extensive biochemical and genetic analyses of their multi-subunit complexes,the functional links between DET1 and COP1 have long remained elusive.Here,we report that DET1 associates with COP1 in vivo,enhances COP1-HY5 interaction,and promotes COP1 destabilization in a process that dampens HY5 protein abundance.By regulating its accumulation,DET1 avoids HY5 association with hundreds of second-site genomic loci,which are also frequently targeted by the skotomorphogenic transcription factor PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR 3.Accordingly,ectopic HY5 chromatin enrichment favors local gene repression and can trigger fusca-like phenotypes.This study therefore shows that DET1-mediated regulation of COP1 stability tunes down the HY5 cistrome,avoiding hyper-photomorphogenic responses that might compromise plant viability.展开更多
Gandaki River Basin(GRB)is an important part of the central Himalayan region,which provides habitat for numerous wild species.However,climatic changes are making the habitat in this basin more vulnerable.This paper ai...Gandaki River Basin(GRB)is an important part of the central Himalayan region,which provides habitat for numerous wild species.However,climatic changes are making the habitat in this basin more vulnerable.This paper aims to assess the potential impacts of climate change on the spatial distributions of habitat changes for two vulnerable species,Himalayan black bear(Ursus thibetanus laniger)and common leopard(Panthera pardus fusca),using the maximum entropy(Max Ent)species distribution model.Species occurrence locations were used along with several bioclimatic and topographic variables(elevation,slope and aspect)to fit the model and predict the potential distributions(current and future)of the species.The results show that the highly suitable area of Himalayan black bear within the GRB currently encompasses around 1642 km^(2)(5.01%area of the basin),which is predicted to increase by 51 km^(2) in the future(2050).Similarly,the habitat of common leopard is estimated as 3999 km^(2)(12.19%of the GRB area),which is likely to increase to 4806 km^(2) in 2050.Spatially,the habitat of Himalayan black bear is predicted to increase in the eastern part(Baseri,Tatopani and north from Bhainse)and to decrease in the eastern(Somdang,Chhekampar),western(Burtibang and Bobang)and northern(Sangboche,Manang,Chhekampar)parts of the study area.Similarly,the habitat of common leopard is projected to decrease particularly in the eastern,western and southern parts of the basin,although it is estimated to be extended in the southeastern(Bhainse),western(Harichaur and northern Sandhikhark)and north-western(Sangboche)parts of the basin.To determine the habitat impact,the environmental variables such as elevation,Bio 15(precipitation seasonality)and Bio 16(precipitation of wettest quarter)highly contribute to habitat change of Himalayan black bear;while Bio 13(precipitation of wettest month)and Bio 15 are the main contributors for common leopard.Overall,this study predicted that the suitable habitat areas of both species are likely to be impacte展开更多
The crystal structure of the title compound (C8H7BrN2O2, Mr=243.07) was isolated from the marine sponge Phacellia fusca Schmidt collected from the South China Sea. Its crystal structure was determined by single-crysta...The crystal structure of the title compound (C8H7BrN2O2, Mr=243.07) was isolated from the marine sponge Phacellia fusca Schmidt collected from the South China Sea. Its crystal structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal is orthorhombic with space group Pbca, a=12.9952(8), b=7.4479(5), c=18.598(1) ?, V=1800.1(2) ?3, Z=8, Dc=1.794g/cm3, (=0.71073 ?, ( (MoK()=4.533mm-1, F(000)=960. The structrue was refined to R=0.0349, wR(F2)=0.0925 for 1589 reflections with I > 2((I). X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that the title compound has one five-membered pyrrole ring and one seven-membered azepin ring. There are two intermolecular hydrogen bonds between two molecules.展开更多
Five thermophilic strains that can degrade cellulose were isolated from the compost of a waste management in Guangzhou, China. Since one of them degraded cellulose effectively, it was chosen as the study strain. Based...Five thermophilic strains that can degrade cellulose were isolated from the compost of a waste management in Guangzhou, China. Since one of them degraded cellulose effectively, it was chosen as the study strain. Based on its morphology, spores′ susceptibility to heat, cell wall composition and other characteristics, the organism was classified as Thermomonospora fusca. Conditions for production of carboxy methyl cellulase (CMCase) were examined. The optimal temperature and pH value for enzyme production were 50 ℃ and 10.5, respectively. Cellulosic materials and easily metabolisable carbohydrates served as carbon sources for the growth of the strain. Only cotton, avicel,carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) acted as potent inducers for the production of cellulases by this strain. Despite excellent growth on easily metabolisable carbohydrates, only constitutive levels of cellulases were produced. The optimal carbon and nitrogen sources for CMCase production were cotton and soybean respectively. The high thermostability, wide pH stability, and cheap nitrogen source show well potential use for composting treatment and commercial detergents.展开更多
The purpose of the present study is to optimize the cultivation conditions for the productivities of chlorophyll and carotenoid of the microalga chlorellafusca in a flow bioreactor. The effects of CO2 concentration in...The purpose of the present study is to optimize the cultivation conditions for the productivities of chlorophyll and carotenoid of the microalga chlorellafusca in a flow bioreactor. The effects of CO2 concentration in aeration and light intensity as the culture condition were firstly examined. After the cultivation conditions as to CO2 concentration and light intensity were determined, the effects of the concentrations of KNO3, CH3COONa, NaC1 and MgSO4 in the culture medium on the chlorophyll biosynthesis and carotenoid accumulation ofC. fusca were examined. KNO3 and CH3COONa were used as the nitrogen and the organic carbon sources, respectively. They are very important nutrient sources to the microalgae. In fact, when the concentration of the nutrient sources was increased, the syntheses of chlorophyll and the carotenoid accumulation of the microalgae were promoted. Cfusca can take an organic carbon as the nutrient sources for its own growth, so the cell is activated compared to the case only in an inorganic nourishment sources. Mg2＋ is known as a raw material of chlorophyll and it can promote carotenoid accumulation. However, when it exists in excessive quantity, the microalgae receive a stress and it was difficult for microalgae to uptake such nutrient sources. In this study, it was found that there existed the optimum amounts of KNO3, CH3COONa, NaCI and MgSO4 which should be added to the culture medium.展开更多
基金supported by a Ramon y Cajal(RYC-2014-16308)grant funded by the Ministerio de Economfa y Competitividad to S.F.Work by S.F.in F.B.’s lab was supported by the COST Action CA16212 INDEPTH(European Union)funded by the Agencia Estatal de Investigacion/Fondo Europeo de Desarollo Regional/European Union(BIO2016-80551-R and PID2019-105495GB-I00).+2 种基金supported by CNRS EPIPLANT Action(France)and funded by Agence Nationale de la Recherche grants ANR-10-LABX-54,ANR-18-CE13-0004-01,ANR-17-CE12-0026-02(France)by Velux Stiftung(Switzerland).B.G.G.is funded by President's International Fellowship Initiative postdoctoral fellowship(no.2020PB0082)the Chinese Academy of Sciences,and is the recipient of a Talent-Introduction grant(Chinese Postdoctoral International Exchange Program).
文摘DE-ETIOLATED 1(DET1)and CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENESIS 1(COP1)are two essential repressors of Arabidopsis photomorphogenesis.These proteins can associate with CULLIN4 to form independent CRL4-based E3 ubiquitin ligases that mediate the degradation of several photomorphogenic transcription factors,including ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5(HY5),thereby controlling multiple gene-regulatory networks.Despite extensive biochemical and genetic analyses of their multi-subunit complexes,the functional links between DET1 and COP1 have long remained elusive.Here,we report that DET1 associates with COP1 in vivo,enhances COP1-HY5 interaction,and promotes COP1 destabilization in a process that dampens HY5 protein abundance.By regulating its accumulation,DET1 avoids HY5 association with hundreds of second-site genomic loci,which are also frequently targeted by the skotomorphogenic transcription factor PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR 3.Accordingly,ectopic HY5 chromatin enrichment favors local gene repression and can trigger fusca-like phenotypes.This study therefore shows that DET1-mediated regulation of COP1 stability tunes down the HY5 cistrome,avoiding hyper-photomorphogenic responses that might compromise plant viability.
基金The Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research(2019QZKK0603)The Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA20040201)The National Natural Science Foundation of China(41761144081)。
文摘Gandaki River Basin(GRB)is an important part of the central Himalayan region,which provides habitat for numerous wild species.However,climatic changes are making the habitat in this basin more vulnerable.This paper aims to assess the potential impacts of climate change on the spatial distributions of habitat changes for two vulnerable species,Himalayan black bear(Ursus thibetanus laniger)and common leopard(Panthera pardus fusca),using the maximum entropy(Max Ent)species distribution model.Species occurrence locations were used along with several bioclimatic and topographic variables(elevation,slope and aspect)to fit the model and predict the potential distributions(current and future)of the species.The results show that the highly suitable area of Himalayan black bear within the GRB currently encompasses around 1642 km^(2)(5.01%area of the basin),which is predicted to increase by 51 km^(2) in the future(2050).Similarly,the habitat of common leopard is estimated as 3999 km^(2)(12.19%of the GRB area),which is likely to increase to 4806 km^(2) in 2050.Spatially,the habitat of Himalayan black bear is predicted to increase in the eastern part(Baseri,Tatopani and north from Bhainse)and to decrease in the eastern(Somdang,Chhekampar),western(Burtibang and Bobang)and northern(Sangboche,Manang,Chhekampar)parts of the study area.Similarly,the habitat of common leopard is projected to decrease particularly in the eastern,western and southern parts of the basin,although it is estimated to be extended in the southeastern(Bhainse),western(Harichaur and northern Sandhikhark)and north-western(Sangboche)parts of the basin.To determine the habitat impact,the environmental variables such as elevation,Bio 15(precipitation seasonality)and Bio 16(precipitation of wettest quarter)highly contribute to habitat change of Himalayan black bear;while Bio 13(precipitation of wettest month)and Bio 15 are the main contributors for common leopard.Overall,this study predicted that the suitable habitat areas of both species are likely to be impacte
文摘The crystal structure of the title compound (C8H7BrN2O2, Mr=243.07) was isolated from the marine sponge Phacellia fusca Schmidt collected from the South China Sea. Its crystal structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal is orthorhombic with space group Pbca, a=12.9952(8), b=7.4479(5), c=18.598(1) ?, V=1800.1(2) ?3, Z=8, Dc=1.794g/cm3, (=0.71073 ?, ( (MoK()=4.533mm-1, F(000)=960. The structrue was refined to R=0.0349, wR(F2)=0.0925 for 1589 reflections with I > 2((I). X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that the title compound has one five-membered pyrrole ring and one seven-membered azepin ring. There are two intermolecular hydrogen bonds between two molecules.
文摘Five thermophilic strains that can degrade cellulose were isolated from the compost of a waste management in Guangzhou, China. Since one of them degraded cellulose effectively, it was chosen as the study strain. Based on its morphology, spores′ susceptibility to heat, cell wall composition and other characteristics, the organism was classified as Thermomonospora fusca. Conditions for production of carboxy methyl cellulase (CMCase) were examined. The optimal temperature and pH value for enzyme production were 50 ℃ and 10.5, respectively. Cellulosic materials and easily metabolisable carbohydrates served as carbon sources for the growth of the strain. Only cotton, avicel,carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) acted as potent inducers for the production of cellulases by this strain. Despite excellent growth on easily metabolisable carbohydrates, only constitutive levels of cellulases were produced. The optimal carbon and nitrogen sources for CMCase production were cotton and soybean respectively. The high thermostability, wide pH stability, and cheap nitrogen source show well potential use for composting treatment and commercial detergents.
文摘The purpose of the present study is to optimize the cultivation conditions for the productivities of chlorophyll and carotenoid of the microalga chlorellafusca in a flow bioreactor. The effects of CO2 concentration in aeration and light intensity as the culture condition were firstly examined. After the cultivation conditions as to CO2 concentration and light intensity were determined, the effects of the concentrations of KNO3, CH3COONa, NaC1 and MgSO4 in the culture medium on the chlorophyll biosynthesis and carotenoid accumulation ofC. fusca were examined. KNO3 and CH3COONa were used as the nitrogen and the organic carbon sources, respectively. They are very important nutrient sources to the microalgae. In fact, when the concentration of the nutrient sources was increased, the syntheses of chlorophyll and the carotenoid accumulation of the microalgae were promoted. Cfusca can take an organic carbon as the nutrient sources for its own growth, so the cell is activated compared to the case only in an inorganic nourishment sources. Mg2＋ is known as a raw material of chlorophyll and it can promote carotenoid accumulation. However, when it exists in excessive quantity, the microalgae receive a stress and it was difficult for microalgae to uptake such nutrient sources. In this study, it was found that there existed the optimum amounts of KNO3, CH3COONa, NaCI and MgSO4 which should be added to the culture medium.
