【目的】通过室内及田间试验,筛选对小麦白粉病防治效果较好的化学药剂及合理的使用方法。【方法】采取室内盆栽接菌试验及田间小区试验相结合的方式进行,在植株发病后喷雾防治,药后定期调查防治效果。【结果】药后10 d,250 g/L丙环唑乳...【目的】通过室内及田间试验,筛选对小麦白粉病防治效果较好的化学药剂及合理的使用方法。【方法】采取室内盆栽接菌试验及田间小区试验相结合的方式进行,在植株发病后喷雾防治,药后定期调查防治效果。【结果】药后10 d,250 g/L丙环唑乳油112.5 g a.i/hm2处理在室内及田间试验对白粉病的防效分别为82.02%和74.02%,防治效果优于其它药剂处理的防效;其次是25%三唑酮可湿性粉剂135 g a.i/hm2处理,室内及田间试验防效分别为81.84%和67.24%;400 g/L氟硅唑乳油48 g a.i/hm2处理的室内及田间试验防效分别为69.25%和67.99%,对白粉病的防效也较好。25%乙嘧酚水悬浮剂187.5 g a.i/hm2处理、250 g/L已唑醇悬浮剂18.75 g a.i/hm2处理、10%苯醚菌酯悬浮剂12 g a.i/hm2处理在室内试验中对白粉病防治效果较好,但田间小区试验中防效略低。【结论】250 g/L丙环唑乳油112.5 g a.i/hm2处理、25%三唑酮可湿性粉剂135 g a.i/hm2处理、400 g/L氟硅唑乳油48 g a.i/hm2处理可有效控制小麦白粉病的发生及危害,且对小麦生长安全,可在大田合理轮换使用。展开更多
Small unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV),a timely and effective pesticide sprayer,can be used to spray pesticide in a high efficiency without harming the crop,and is especially suitable for spraying for small farms and hill...Small unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV),a timely and effective pesticide sprayer,can be used to spray pesticide in a high efficiency without harming the crop,and is especially suitable for spraying for small farms and hills in Asian countries.In recent years,it has been chosen as a key and new technique for pesticide application.This paper studied the impact of UAV(UAV N-3)spraying parameters(different working height and different spraying concentrations)on the deposition of droplets on the wheat canopy and the prevention of powdery mildew.Water sensitive paper was used as the sampler to collect the pesticide droplets and image processing software Deposit Scan was used to compute the coverage rate of droplets on the wheat top layer to acquire the proportional distribution of droplets on the wheat lower layer.The experimental results showed the impact of spraying height on the distribution of droplets on the wheat upper layer was quite significant,when the spraying height was 5.0 m and the spraying speed was 4 m/s,the coverage rate of droplets on the wheat lower layer was the largest,as it was 45.6%of that on the upper layer,the droplets distribution was the most uniform,and the coefficient of variation was 33.13%.450 g/hm^(2)(dosage registered)of triadimefon SC(44%)was sprayed by the UAV,the control efficiency reached 55.1%after applying which was better than 20%and 40%of dosage decreased for each hectare,and the applying effect(35.6%)of 20%dosage decreased for each hectare had no significant difference from the applying effect(34.6%)applied by a knapsack-type electric sprayer.At 10 d after applying,the prevention effect realized by UAV was lower than that realized by a knapsack-type electric sprayer,and it may be correlated to the meteorological condition and water amount in the pesticide sprayed.Thus,when UAV spraying was chosen to prevent wheat powdery mildew under a serious disease situation,an auxiliary agent for spraying could be added to prolong the retention of pesticide on the plant surface to extend the pest展开更多
文摘【目的】通过室内及田间试验,筛选对小麦白粉病防治效果较好的化学药剂及合理的使用方法。【方法】采取室内盆栽接菌试验及田间小区试验相结合的方式进行,在植株发病后喷雾防治,药后定期调查防治效果。【结果】药后10 d,250 g/L丙环唑乳油112.5 g a.i/hm2处理在室内及田间试验对白粉病的防效分别为82.02%和74.02%,防治效果优于其它药剂处理的防效;其次是25%三唑酮可湿性粉剂135 g a.i/hm2处理,室内及田间试验防效分别为81.84%和67.24%;400 g/L氟硅唑乳油48 g a.i/hm2处理的室内及田间试验防效分别为69.25%和67.99%,对白粉病的防效也较好。25%乙嘧酚水悬浮剂187.5 g a.i/hm2处理、250 g/L已唑醇悬浮剂18.75 g a.i/hm2处理、10%苯醚菌酯悬浮剂12 g a.i/hm2处理在室内试验中对白粉病防治效果较好,但田间小区试验中防效略低。【结论】250 g/L丙环唑乳油112.5 g a.i/hm2处理、25%三唑酮可湿性粉剂135 g a.i/hm2处理、400 g/L氟硅唑乳油48 g a.i/hm2处理可有效控制小麦白粉病的发生及危害,且对小麦生长安全,可在大田合理轮换使用。
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Plan(2016YFD0200700)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(BK20151074)+1 种基金the Pesticide Applying Intelligent Operating System based on Beidou Automatic Navigation by UAV(1610372016008)the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Special Basic Scientific Research Business Expenses(Y2017PT32).
文摘Small unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV),a timely and effective pesticide sprayer,can be used to spray pesticide in a high efficiency without harming the crop,and is especially suitable for spraying for small farms and hills in Asian countries.In recent years,it has been chosen as a key and new technique for pesticide application.This paper studied the impact of UAV(UAV N-3)spraying parameters(different working height and different spraying concentrations)on the deposition of droplets on the wheat canopy and the prevention of powdery mildew.Water sensitive paper was used as the sampler to collect the pesticide droplets and image processing software Deposit Scan was used to compute the coverage rate of droplets on the wheat top layer to acquire the proportional distribution of droplets on the wheat lower layer.The experimental results showed the impact of spraying height on the distribution of droplets on the wheat upper layer was quite significant,when the spraying height was 5.0 m and the spraying speed was 4 m/s,the coverage rate of droplets on the wheat lower layer was the largest,as it was 45.6%of that on the upper layer,the droplets distribution was the most uniform,and the coefficient of variation was 33.13%.450 g/hm^(2)(dosage registered)of triadimefon SC(44%)was sprayed by the UAV,the control efficiency reached 55.1%after applying which was better than 20%and 40%of dosage decreased for each hectare,and the applying effect(35.6%)of 20%dosage decreased for each hectare had no significant difference from the applying effect(34.6%)applied by a knapsack-type electric sprayer.At 10 d after applying,the prevention effect realized by UAV was lower than that realized by a knapsack-type electric sprayer,and it may be correlated to the meteorological condition and water amount in the pesticide sprayed.Thus,when UAV spraying was chosen to prevent wheat powdery mildew under a serious disease situation,an auxiliary agent for spraying could be added to prolong the retention of pesticide on the plant surface to extend the pest
