目的提高对骨质疏松症(OP)早期诊断的认识。方法回顾性研究279例确诊脆性骨折患者,经双能X线骨密度仪(DXA)测定骨密度(BMD),探讨不同诊断标准(T值≤-2.5SD和T值≤-2.0SD)对OP的诊断检出率,并对相应的临床特征和危险因素进行比较分析。结...目的提高对骨质疏松症(OP)早期诊断的认识。方法回顾性研究279例确诊脆性骨折患者,经双能X线骨密度仪(DXA)测定骨密度(BMD),探讨不同诊断标准(T值≤-2.5SD和T值≤-2.0SD)对OP的诊断检出率,并对相应的临床特征和危险因素进行比较分析。结果 279例脆性骨折患者以T值≤-2.5SD和T值≤-2.0SD为标准OP诊断检出率分别为51.6%和75.6%,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);其中以T值≤-2.5SD为标准,OP检出组的年龄、有症状者的比例高于非检出组(67.5±12.3 vs 65.3±11.6;27.6%vs14.7%,P<0.05),但危险因素总数低于非检出组(36.2%vs 63.8%,P<0.05);股骨颈BMD随年龄的增长而下降(F=4.3,P<0.05)。结论以骨密度T值≤-2.0SD作为国人OP诊断标准可能比T值≤-2.5SD的标准更为合适;OP早期诊断需结合临床特征及高危因素,并选择合理BMD测量部位。展开更多
Vertebral involvement in particular is common in sickle cell patients. We report 3 cases of “fish vertebra” fractures in sickle cell patients aged 16, 18, and 24 years old respectively at Laquintinie Hospital, Doual...Vertebral involvement in particular is common in sickle cell patients. We report 3 cases of “fish vertebra” fractures in sickle cell patients aged 16, 18, and 24 years old respectively at Laquintinie Hospital, Douala. When the vertebral fractures were diagnosed, the 3 patients had back pain and kyphosis deformities of the dorsal spine. Treatment with an infusion of biphosphonates (zoledronic acid at a dose of 0.5 mg·per·kg) was offered to all three patients. Two out of three patients received treatment with biphosphonates with a successful outcome. Profound vitamin D deficiency is associated with increased bone remodeling and a history of fractures. In sickle cell anemia, vertebral fractures may also result from bone fragility, which is often overlooked as aseptic osteonecrosis and osteomyelitis, which are very often suspected.展开更多
Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures(OVCFs)are the most common fragility fracture and significantly influence the quality of life in the elderly.Currently,the literature lacks a comprehensive narrative review ...Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures(OVCFs)are the most common fragility fracture and significantly influence the quality of life in the elderly.Currently,the literature lacks a comprehensive narrative review of the management of OVCFs.The purpose of this study is to review background information,diagnosis,and surgical and non-surgical management of the OVCFs.A comprehensive search of PubMed and Google Scholar for articles in the English language between 1980 and 2021 was performed.Combinations of the following terms were used:compression fractures,vertebral compression fractures,osteoporosis,osteoporotic compression fractures,vertebroplasty,kyphoplasty,bisphosphonates,calcitonin,and osteoporosis treatments.Additional articles were also included by examining the reference list of articles found in the search.OVCFs,especially those that occur over long periods,can be asymptomatic.Symptoms of acute OVCFs include pain localized to the mid-line spine,a loss in height,and decreased mobility.The primary treatment regimens are pain control,medication management,vertebral augmentation,and anterior or posterior decompression and reconstructions.Pain control can be achieved with acetaminophen or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for mild pain or opioids and/or calcitonin for moderate to severe pain.Bisphosphonates and denosumab are the first-line treatments for osteoporosis.Vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty are reserved for patients who have not found symptomatic relief through conservative methods and are effective in achieving pain relief.Vertebroplasty is less technical and cheaper than kyphoplasty but could have more complications.Calcium and vitamin D supplementation can have a protective and therapeutic effect.Management of OVCFs must be combined with multiple approaches.Appropriate exercises and activity modification are important in fracture prevention.Medication with different mechanisms of action is a critical long-term causal treatment strategy.The minimally invasive surgical interventions such as verteb展开更多
BACKGROUND Proximal femur fractures,including both intracapsular(femoral neck fractures)and extracapsular fractures(intertrochanteric femoral fractures,IFFs),affect around 1.5 million people per year worldwide.Mechani...BACKGROUND Proximal femur fractures,including both intracapsular(femoral neck fractures)and extracapsular fractures(intertrochanteric femoral fractures,IFFs),affect around 1.5 million people per year worldwide.Mechanical failures of intertrochanteric nailing in IFFs could be managed with revision total hip arthroplasty(THA).AIM To describe the surgical complexity and the procedure-related complication rates in patients with trochanteric nailing failure and treated with THA.METHODS Patients referred to our level I trauma center between April 2012 and July 2018 with failed cephalomedullary nailing following trochanteric fractures were retrospectively recruited.All patients underwent a salvage surgical procedure,i.e.,cephalomedullary nail removal and conversion to THA.The same surgical and anesthesiology team performed the surgical procedures under spinal anesthesia.All patients underwent clinical and radiographic follow-ups for at least 24 mo.Complications and re-operations were recorded.RESULTS Seventy-four patients met the inclusion criteria(male:29;female:45;mean age:73.8-years-old;range:65-89)and were included in the current study.The average operative time was 117 min(76-192 min).The average blood loss was 585 mL(430-1720 mL).Among the 74 patients,43(58.1%)required transfusion of three or more blood units.Two patients died within the 4th d after surgery because of pulmonary embolism,and 1 patient died 9 mo after surgery due to ischemic myocardial infarction.The complication rate in the 71 patients who completed the minimum 24-mo follow-up was 22.5%.In 3 cases out of 71(4.2%)periprosthetic acetabular fracture was observed during the followup.One of these periacetabular fractures occurred intraoperatively.An intraoperative periprosthetic femur fracture was observed in 5 patients out of 71(7.0%).Four of these patients needed a re-operation to fix the fracture with plates and cerclages;in one of these patients,femoral stem revision was also necessary.In 4 patients out of 71(5.6%),an early THA dislocation was obser展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the relationship between a vertebral fracture and a hip fracture in Saudi Arabians with osteoporosis.METHODS:In this retrospective study,154 Saudi Arabian patients with osteoporosis-related hip fractur...AIM:To evaluate the relationship between a vertebral fracture and a hip fracture in Saudi Arabians with osteoporosis.METHODS:In this retrospective study,154 Saudi Arabian patients with osteoporosis-related hip fractures were analyzed for the presence of a vertebral fracture.Radiographs were retrieved from the IPAC(Image Picture Archiving and Computing)System,an imaging retrieval system,and were reviewed independently by two of the authors,Abid Hussain Gullenpet,and Mir Sadat-Ali,and later reviewed jointly.Patients admitted with proximal hip fracture who were≥50 years and had undergone Thoraco-lumber imaging and a dual energy X-ray absorptiometry(DEXA)scan were included in the study.Patients with a history of significant trauma to the spine and those with a malignancy or connective tissue disorder were excluded from the analysis.RESULTS:Out of 154 patients with hip fractures,78had a fracture of the femoral neck while 76 had an intertrochanteric hip fracture.Of the 111 patients whowere finally included in the study,after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria,76 patients with an average age of 67.28±12 years had no fractures of the spine.Thirty-five patients with an average age of 76.9±14.5years(31.53%)had a total of 49 vertebral fractures.Patients with vertebral fractures were significantly older than those without fractures P<0.001.Overall,24.7%of these patients had an asymptomatic vertebral fracture.Further analysis showed that 11 males(18.96%)and 24 females(45.28%)had suffered a previous asymptomatic vertebral fracture.Interestingly,all women who participated in this study and who presented with a femoral neck fracture had experienced a prior asymptomatic vertebral fracture.CONCLUSION:We recommend that all elderly patients who go to the radiology department for a chest X-ray also have a DEXA scan and a lateral thoracic spine radiograph.展开更多
目的研究基于脆性骨折诊断骨质疏松症患者骨转换标记物的变化及与脆性骨折发生的相关性。方法收集2019年1月1日至2022年1月1日于南京中医药大学附属南京中医院门诊和住院治疗的确诊为脆性骨折且骨密度检查为骨量减少的中老年女性患者45...目的研究基于脆性骨折诊断骨质疏松症患者骨转换标记物的变化及与脆性骨折发生的相关性。方法收集2019年1月1日至2022年1月1日于南京中医药大学附属南京中医院门诊和住院治疗的确诊为脆性骨折且骨密度检查为骨量减少的中老年女性患者45例为观察组,同时设立骨密度检查为骨量减少、未发生脆性骨折的中老年女性患者71例为对照组。观察组45例,年龄67~78岁,平均(75.58±8.44)岁。对照组71例,年龄61~91岁,平均(75.34±8.58)岁。对比分析两组患者的年龄、身高、体重、身体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、骨密度、骨转换标记物[骨钙素(osteocalcin,OC)、碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase,ALP)、Ⅰ型原胶原氨基端前肽(N-terminal peptide of typeⅠcollagen,P1NP)及β-Ⅰ型胶原交联羧基末端肽(C-terminal peptide of typeⅠcollagen,CTX)]及血清Ca^(2+)浓度的差异。结果两组患者在年龄、体重、身高和骨密度T值之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但是观察组平均BMI较对照组高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者的OC、ALP、β-CTX和血清Ca^(2+)高于对照组患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者的P1NP虽然低于对照组患者,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。脆性骨折的发生与体重、OC、ALP、β-CTX、BMI和Ca^(2+)浓度均呈显著的负相关(P<0.05)。结论骨密度检测为骨量减少的患者需检测骨转换指标,破骨指标和成骨指标显著升高的患者发生脆性骨折风险高。脆性骨折的发生与体重、OC、ALP、β-CTX、BMI和Ca^(2+)浓度均呈负相关。展开更多
文摘目的提高对骨质疏松症(OP)早期诊断的认识。方法回顾性研究279例确诊脆性骨折患者,经双能X线骨密度仪(DXA)测定骨密度(BMD),探讨不同诊断标准(T值≤-2.5SD和T值≤-2.0SD)对OP的诊断检出率,并对相应的临床特征和危险因素进行比较分析。结果 279例脆性骨折患者以T值≤-2.5SD和T值≤-2.0SD为标准OP诊断检出率分别为51.6%和75.6%,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);其中以T值≤-2.5SD为标准,OP检出组的年龄、有症状者的比例高于非检出组(67.5±12.3 vs 65.3±11.6;27.6%vs14.7%,P<0.05),但危险因素总数低于非检出组(36.2%vs 63.8%,P<0.05);股骨颈BMD随年龄的增长而下降(F=4.3,P<0.05)。结论以骨密度T值≤-2.0SD作为国人OP诊断标准可能比T值≤-2.5SD的标准更为合适;OP早期诊断需结合临床特征及高危因素,并选择合理BMD测量部位。
文摘Vertebral involvement in particular is common in sickle cell patients. We report 3 cases of “fish vertebra” fractures in sickle cell patients aged 16, 18, and 24 years old respectively at Laquintinie Hospital, Douala. When the vertebral fractures were diagnosed, the 3 patients had back pain and kyphosis deformities of the dorsal spine. Treatment with an infusion of biphosphonates (zoledronic acid at a dose of 0.5 mg·per·kg) was offered to all three patients. Two out of three patients received treatment with biphosphonates with a successful outcome. Profound vitamin D deficiency is associated with increased bone remodeling and a history of fractures. In sickle cell anemia, vertebral fractures may also result from bone fragility, which is often overlooked as aseptic osteonecrosis and osteomyelitis, which are very often suspected.
文摘Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures(OVCFs)are the most common fragility fracture and significantly influence the quality of life in the elderly.Currently,the literature lacks a comprehensive narrative review of the management of OVCFs.The purpose of this study is to review background information,diagnosis,and surgical and non-surgical management of the OVCFs.A comprehensive search of PubMed and Google Scholar for articles in the English language between 1980 and 2021 was performed.Combinations of the following terms were used:compression fractures,vertebral compression fractures,osteoporosis,osteoporotic compression fractures,vertebroplasty,kyphoplasty,bisphosphonates,calcitonin,and osteoporosis treatments.Additional articles were also included by examining the reference list of articles found in the search.OVCFs,especially those that occur over long periods,can be asymptomatic.Symptoms of acute OVCFs include pain localized to the mid-line spine,a loss in height,and decreased mobility.The primary treatment regimens are pain control,medication management,vertebral augmentation,and anterior or posterior decompression and reconstructions.Pain control can be achieved with acetaminophen or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for mild pain or opioids and/or calcitonin for moderate to severe pain.Bisphosphonates and denosumab are the first-line treatments for osteoporosis.Vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty are reserved for patients who have not found symptomatic relief through conservative methods and are effective in achieving pain relief.Vertebroplasty is less technical and cheaper than kyphoplasty but could have more complications.Calcium and vitamin D supplementation can have a protective and therapeutic effect.Management of OVCFs must be combined with multiple approaches.Appropriate exercises and activity modification are important in fracture prevention.Medication with different mechanisms of action is a critical long-term causal treatment strategy.The minimally invasive surgical interventions such as verteb
文摘目的:探讨机器学习结合CT影像组学特征构建模型预测2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)患者椎体脆性骨折的准确性。方法:回顾性收集140例(新发椎体脆性骨折的T2DM患者70例,对照组70例)患者CT图像和临床资料。另收集18例(椎体脆性骨折的T2DM患者16例,对照组2例)患者的前次CT图像和临床资料作为外部验证集。应用单因素分析、Pearson相关分析、最小冗余度最大相关度算法、二元logistic回归分析和最小绝对值收缩和选择算子模型筛选出最佳特征。基于支持向量机、多层感知器、极端梯度提升(eXtreme Gradient Boosting,XGBoost)构建预测模型。应用受试者工作特征曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)对模型效能进行评估。结果:从每例患者的CT图像中提取了1037个影像组学特征,然后精简为14个影像组学特征。17个临床特征中性别、年龄、体质指数是预测结果的独立因素。其中XGBoost分类器表现最好,训练集中XGBoost模型的AUC分别为1.000、0.929、1.000;测试集中分别为0.954、0.862、0.969。结论:基于临床及影像组学特征构建的XGBoost模型可作为预测T2DM患者椎体脆性骨折的一种无创性辅助工具。
文摘BACKGROUND Proximal femur fractures,including both intracapsular(femoral neck fractures)and extracapsular fractures(intertrochanteric femoral fractures,IFFs),affect around 1.5 million people per year worldwide.Mechanical failures of intertrochanteric nailing in IFFs could be managed with revision total hip arthroplasty(THA).AIM To describe the surgical complexity and the procedure-related complication rates in patients with trochanteric nailing failure and treated with THA.METHODS Patients referred to our level I trauma center between April 2012 and July 2018 with failed cephalomedullary nailing following trochanteric fractures were retrospectively recruited.All patients underwent a salvage surgical procedure,i.e.,cephalomedullary nail removal and conversion to THA.The same surgical and anesthesiology team performed the surgical procedures under spinal anesthesia.All patients underwent clinical and radiographic follow-ups for at least 24 mo.Complications and re-operations were recorded.RESULTS Seventy-four patients met the inclusion criteria(male:29;female:45;mean age:73.8-years-old;range:65-89)and were included in the current study.The average operative time was 117 min(76-192 min).The average blood loss was 585 mL(430-1720 mL).Among the 74 patients,43(58.1%)required transfusion of three or more blood units.Two patients died within the 4th d after surgery because of pulmonary embolism,and 1 patient died 9 mo after surgery due to ischemic myocardial infarction.The complication rate in the 71 patients who completed the minimum 24-mo follow-up was 22.5%.In 3 cases out of 71(4.2%)periprosthetic acetabular fracture was observed during the followup.One of these periacetabular fractures occurred intraoperatively.An intraoperative periprosthetic femur fracture was observed in 5 patients out of 71(7.0%).Four of these patients needed a re-operation to fix the fracture with plates and cerclages;in one of these patients,femoral stem revision was also necessary.In 4 patients out of 71(5.6%),an early THA dislocation was obser
文摘AIM:To evaluate the relationship between a vertebral fracture and a hip fracture in Saudi Arabians with osteoporosis.METHODS:In this retrospective study,154 Saudi Arabian patients with osteoporosis-related hip fractures were analyzed for the presence of a vertebral fracture.Radiographs were retrieved from the IPAC(Image Picture Archiving and Computing)System,an imaging retrieval system,and were reviewed independently by two of the authors,Abid Hussain Gullenpet,and Mir Sadat-Ali,and later reviewed jointly.Patients admitted with proximal hip fracture who were≥50 years and had undergone Thoraco-lumber imaging and a dual energy X-ray absorptiometry(DEXA)scan were included in the study.Patients with a history of significant trauma to the spine and those with a malignancy or connective tissue disorder were excluded from the analysis.RESULTS:Out of 154 patients with hip fractures,78had a fracture of the femoral neck while 76 had an intertrochanteric hip fracture.Of the 111 patients whowere finally included in the study,after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria,76 patients with an average age of 67.28±12 years had no fractures of the spine.Thirty-five patients with an average age of 76.9±14.5years(31.53%)had a total of 49 vertebral fractures.Patients with vertebral fractures were significantly older than those without fractures P<0.001.Overall,24.7%of these patients had an asymptomatic vertebral fracture.Further analysis showed that 11 males(18.96%)and 24 females(45.28%)had suffered a previous asymptomatic vertebral fracture.Interestingly,all women who participated in this study and who presented with a femoral neck fracture had experienced a prior asymptomatic vertebral fracture.CONCLUSION:We recommend that all elderly patients who go to the radiology department for a chest X-ray also have a DEXA scan and a lateral thoracic spine radiograph.
文摘目的研究基于脆性骨折诊断骨质疏松症患者骨转换标记物的变化及与脆性骨折发生的相关性。方法收集2019年1月1日至2022年1月1日于南京中医药大学附属南京中医院门诊和住院治疗的确诊为脆性骨折且骨密度检查为骨量减少的中老年女性患者45例为观察组,同时设立骨密度检查为骨量减少、未发生脆性骨折的中老年女性患者71例为对照组。观察组45例,年龄67~78岁,平均(75.58±8.44)岁。对照组71例,年龄61~91岁,平均(75.34±8.58)岁。对比分析两组患者的年龄、身高、体重、身体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、骨密度、骨转换标记物[骨钙素(osteocalcin,OC)、碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase,ALP)、Ⅰ型原胶原氨基端前肽(N-terminal peptide of typeⅠcollagen,P1NP)及β-Ⅰ型胶原交联羧基末端肽(C-terminal peptide of typeⅠcollagen,CTX)]及血清Ca^(2+)浓度的差异。结果两组患者在年龄、体重、身高和骨密度T值之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但是观察组平均BMI较对照组高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者的OC、ALP、β-CTX和血清Ca^(2+)高于对照组患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者的P1NP虽然低于对照组患者,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。脆性骨折的发生与体重、OC、ALP、β-CTX、BMI和Ca^(2+)浓度均呈显著的负相关(P<0.05)。结论骨密度检测为骨量减少的患者需检测骨转换指标,破骨指标和成骨指标显著升高的患者发生脆性骨折风险高。脆性骨折的发生与体重、OC、ALP、β-CTX、BMI和Ca^(2+)浓度均呈负相关。
