The fornix, a part of the Papez circuit, transfers information of episodic memory between the medial temporal lobe and the medial diencephalon （Aggleton and Brown, 1999）. The right medial temporal lobe is known to b...The fornix, a part of the Papez circuit, transfers information of episodic memory between the medial temporal lobe and the medial diencephalon （Aggleton and Brown, 1999）. The right medial temporal lobe is known to be specialized for visual memory and the left medial temporal lobe for verbal memory （Tucker et al., 1988; Aegleton and Brown, 1999）.展开更多
The fornix, which is involved in transfer of episodic memory, is an important structure of the Papez circuit between the medial diencephalon and the medial temporal lobe. Many studies using DTI have reported on injury...The fornix, which is involved in transfer of episodic memory, is an important structure of the Papez circuit between the medial diencephalon and the medial temporal lobe. Many studies using DTI have reported on injury of the fornix in patients with brain injury （Nakayama et al., 2006; Sugiyama et al., 2007; Wang et al., 2008; Chang et al., 2010）. However, only a few studies on recov- ery of an injured fornix in patients with brain injury, including traumatic brain injury and stroke, have been reported （Yeo et al., 2011; Yeo and Jang, 2013a, b）. In this study, using follow up DTT images, we reported on a patient who showed recovery of injured fornical crura following a neurosurgical operation for a brain tumor.展开更多
Background:Total lower eyelid defect after eyelid malignancy excision poses a challenge in the surgical management of total lower eyelid reconstruction.We describe a technique of reconstructing total lower eyelid defe...Background:Total lower eyelid defect after eyelid malignancy excision poses a challenge in the surgical management of total lower eyelid reconstruction.We describe a technique of reconstructing total lower eyelid defect,using a skin flap and the residual lower forniceal conjunctiva.Methods:A retrospective case series review.Five patients had undergone lower eyelid basal cell carcinoma excision.A 3-4 mm margin excision was performed and specimens were sent for paraffin section histological examination.Reconstruction was performed at the same stage,using a skin flap and the residual lower forniceal conjunctiva.A full thickness skin flap is raised from the lateral cheek,with its base at the lateral canthus.Subcutaneous tissues are not included in the skin flap.The lower forniceal conjunctiva is released from the inferior retractors and advanced superiorly to cover the inner surface of the skin flap.The skin flap is transposed to cover the lower eyelid defect and sutured to the soft tissues at the medial end of the defect.The advanced forniceal conjunctiva is sutured to the superior edge of the skin flap forming the new mucocutaneous junction of the eyelid margin.Results:There were 4 females and 1 male,with a mean age of 74 years(range,68-80 years).Histological clearance was achieved in all cases.None of the patients developed lagophthalmos,symblepharon or dry eye symptoms.None of the patients required any further revision surgery.Conclusions:Total lower eyelid defects can be reconstructed using the residual lower fornix conjunctiva and a skin flap.展开更多
This article examines the intense debates over the New Criminal Code of Great Qing(Da-Qing xin xinglü)in the National Assembly(Zizheng yuan)during the Qing empire’s New Policy Reform(1901–11).The focus is on th...This article examines the intense debates over the New Criminal Code of Great Qing(Da-Qing xin xinglü)in the National Assembly(Zizheng yuan)during the Qing empire’s New Policy Reform(1901–11).The focus is on the conflict between those who drafted and supported the new code and those who expressed reservations,especially over reform of the laws on filial piety and fornication.The issue of reconfiguring the family and social order through law was closely related to the overarching agenda of twentieth century legal reform in China—making an empire that“ruled through the principle of filial piety”into a modern nation-state that had direct relationships with its citizens.More importantly,an analysis of the late Qing debate over family law enables this article to problematize such concepts as“Chinese”and“Western”during this crucial moment of China’s empire-to-nation transformation.It showcases the paradox of China’s modern-era reforms—a contradiction between imposing Western-inspired order with a largely indigenous logic and maintaining existing sociopolitical order in the name of preserving national identity.展开更多
基金supported by Basic Science Research Pro-gram through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education,Science and Technology,No.2012R1A1A4A01001873
文摘The fornix, a part of the Papez circuit, transfers information of episodic memory between the medial temporal lobe and the medial diencephalon （Aggleton and Brown, 1999）. The right medial temporal lobe is known to be specialized for visual memory and the left medial temporal lobe for verbal memory （Tucker et al., 1988; Aegleton and Brown, 1999）.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation(NRF) of Korea Grant funded by the Korean Government(MSIP),No.2015R1A2A2A01004073
文摘The fornix, which is involved in transfer of episodic memory, is an important structure of the Papez circuit between the medial diencephalon and the medial temporal lobe. Many studies using DTI have reported on injury of the fornix in patients with brain injury （Nakayama et al., 2006; Sugiyama et al., 2007; Wang et al., 2008; Chang et al., 2010）. However, only a few studies on recov- ery of an injured fornix in patients with brain injury, including traumatic brain injury and stroke, have been reported （Yeo et al., 2011; Yeo and Jang, 2013a, b）. In this study, using follow up DTT images, we reported on a patient who showed recovery of injured fornical crura following a neurosurgical operation for a brain tumor.
文摘Background:Total lower eyelid defect after eyelid malignancy excision poses a challenge in the surgical management of total lower eyelid reconstruction.We describe a technique of reconstructing total lower eyelid defect,using a skin flap and the residual lower forniceal conjunctiva.Methods:A retrospective case series review.Five patients had undergone lower eyelid basal cell carcinoma excision.A 3-4 mm margin excision was performed and specimens were sent for paraffin section histological examination.Reconstruction was performed at the same stage,using a skin flap and the residual lower forniceal conjunctiva.A full thickness skin flap is raised from the lateral cheek,with its base at the lateral canthus.Subcutaneous tissues are not included in the skin flap.The lower forniceal conjunctiva is released from the inferior retractors and advanced superiorly to cover the inner surface of the skin flap.The skin flap is transposed to cover the lower eyelid defect and sutured to the soft tissues at the medial end of the defect.The advanced forniceal conjunctiva is sutured to the superior edge of the skin flap forming the new mucocutaneous junction of the eyelid margin.Results:There were 4 females and 1 male,with a mean age of 74 years(range,68-80 years).Histological clearance was achieved in all cases.None of the patients developed lagophthalmos,symblepharon or dry eye symptoms.None of the patients required any further revision surgery.Conclusions:Total lower eyelid defects can be reconstructed using the residual lower fornix conjunctiva and a skin flap.
文摘This article examines the intense debates over the New Criminal Code of Great Qing(Da-Qing xin xinglü)in the National Assembly(Zizheng yuan)during the Qing empire’s New Policy Reform(1901–11).The focus is on the conflict between those who drafted and supported the new code and those who expressed reservations,especially over reform of the laws on filial piety and fornication.The issue of reconfiguring the family and social order through law was closely related to the overarching agenda of twentieth century legal reform in China—making an empire that“ruled through the principle of filial piety”into a modern nation-state that had direct relationships with its citizens.More importantly,an analysis of the late Qing debate over family law enables this article to problematize such concepts as“Chinese”and“Western”during this crucial moment of China’s empire-to-nation transformation.It showcases the paradox of China’s modern-era reforms—a contradiction between imposing Western-inspired order with a largely indigenous logic and maintaining existing sociopolitical order in the name of preserving national identity.
