This paper utilizes meridional and zonal velocity data measured by chaff rockets at a high resolution of 25 m in the 67—96 km region during the MAC/SINE campaign to study the char-acteristics of the spectra of the me...This paper utilizes meridional and zonal velocity data measured by chaff rockets at a high resolution of 25 m in the 67—96 km region during the MAC/SINE campaign to study the char-acteristics of the spectra of the meridional and zonal velocity fluctuations. Results suggest that the mean vertical wavenumber spectra have a forked point near vertical wavenumber k = 0.001 m-1. In the vertical wavenumber region smaller than the forked point, the spectra of the meridional and zonal velocities have approximately the same spectral slope, amplitude, and characteristic vertical wavelength, and agree well with the linear saturated spectral model. In the vertical wavenumber region larger than the forked point, however, the meridional and zonal spectra are inconsistent not only in both slope and amplitude, but also in spectral structure. The differences between the observed meridional and zonal spectra provide observational evidence of azimuthal anisotropy of the velocity fluctuation field in the large vertical wavenumber region in mean sense.展开更多
Background The columella, nasal tip, lip relationship in the bilateral cleft lip nasal deformity remains a great challenge for plastic surgeon. An esthetically satisfying result is difficult to obtain. A subset of pat...Background The columella, nasal tip, lip relationship in the bilateral cleft lip nasal deformity remains a great challenge for plastic surgeon. An esthetically satisfying result is difficult to obtain. A subset of patients with bilateral cleft lip nasal deformity still require columellar lengthening and nasal correction and philtrial construction. This study aimed to provide a new method based on the forked flap to improve the final appearance of these patients. Methods A technique to correct this deformity is described. This consists of （1） a newly modified forked flap including the orbicularis oris muscle and nasalis muscle along the whole flap for columellar lengthening, （2） a reverse V shaped flap from the lower portion of the columella and the prolabium for normal size phitrum construction, （3） inserting the vermilion portion of the forked flap and advancing the nasal floor medially and anteriorly to lengthen and maintain the nasal septum side of the columella for proper tip positioning, （4） open rhinoplasty, allowing definitive repositioning of the lower lateral cartilages, （5） reconstruction of the orbicularis orismuscle as required, and （6） the flaring nostril floor advancing medially and constructing the sill. Results This technique was applied to 15 cases of secondary bilateral cleft lip nasal deformity. All the flaps took without signs of partial necrosis. In all cases, the nasal tip was projected forward with adequate columella elongation, and the height of the prolabium was added with normal size philtrial dimensions. Conclusions This method makes maximum use of the tissue containing the scar in the lip and limits tissues in the lower portion of the columella and the prolabium for adequate columella elongation and reconstruction with normal size philtrial dimensions. It is a very reasonable and useful method in correction of secondary bilateral cleft lip nasal deformities.展开更多
Bifid nose is a rare congenital abnormality and its surgical correction is difficult. We represent a case of bifid nose with mild nasal deformity without cerebral or lip deformity. We performed rhinoplasty with a kind...Bifid nose is a rare congenital abnormality and its surgical correction is difficult. We represent a case of bifid nose with mild nasal deformity without cerebral or lip deformity. We performed rhinoplasty with a kind of the forked flap at one year of age and the appearance improved.展开更多
1 Introduction It has been known from the experiment that two conjugated systems of aromaticheterocyclic carbonyl and phenyl carbonyl groups in the aromatic heterocylic phenylketone compounds are not equivalent and so...1 Introduction It has been known from the experiment that two conjugated systems of aromaticheterocyclic carbonyl and phenyl carbonyl groups in the aromatic heterocylic phenylketone compounds are not equivalent and so are not coplanary. The synhesis展开更多
Five homologous series of bifurcate systems of aliphatic and aromatic polyenic cyano and carboxylic compounds have been prepared and studied. The electronic absorption spectra forthe series and the NMR chemical shifts...Five homologous series of bifurcate systems of aliphatic and aromatic polyenic cyano and carboxylic compounds have been prepared and studied. The electronic absorption spectra forthe series and the NMR chemical shifts for the methyl-, methylene- and beta-protons havebeen found to conform very well to the rule of homologous linearity. The mass spectra forthe α-cyano polyenic ester series show strong peaks for the fragments of M-COOEt but noneof M-CN, indicating that the CN group seems to be in stronger conjugation with the poly-enic chain than the COOEt group does. In all the forked series studided, a red shift in electronic spectra is brought about upon the introduction of an electron-attractive branching group, just like the case of introducing an electron-repelling substituent. This has been taken as an indication of the predominance of themolecular integrality over the group characteristics. By means of the method of similar triangles between a homologous line for a linearseries and that for the corresponding forked compounds, the equivalent △Ns for a branching group may be calculated with accuracy. Based on the value of this equivalent, the substituentnature of the structural effect of the branching group has been inferred. The electronic absorption maxima for four series of the forked compounds have been cal-culated by means of the extended homologous equation for the corresponding linear compounds.With an appropriate correction for the positional effect of the substituent equivalent, the cal-culated wavelengths agree generally with experimental data within ± 7nm.展开更多
For the demands of automatic pruning, an effective discrimination rule of the forked and non-forked larch trees is established. First, information of tnmk and branch diameters of a larch plantations was collected from...For the demands of automatic pruning, an effective discrimination rule of the forked and non-forked larch trees is established. First, information of tnmk and branch diameters of a larch plantations was collected from the west mountain of Beijing. The growth characteristics of the forked and non-forked trees were studied. Given the statistical characteristics of the trunk and branch diameters, a discriminant function of the forked branch and non-forked larch trees was established statistically. Excellent discrimination results were obtained by the function and the rule. The study presents an effective discrimination rule to separate forked trees from straight trees for automatic pruning.展开更多
We reviewed our experience in reconstructing forked corpus spongiosum(FCS)in distal/midshaft hypospadias repair and analyzed the efficacy of this surgical technique.From August 2013 to December 2018,137 consecutive ca...We reviewed our experience in reconstructing forked corpus spongiosum(FCS)in distal/midshaft hypospadias repair and analyzed the efficacy of this surgical technique.From August 2013 to December 2018,137 consecutive cases of distal/midshaft hypospadias operated by the same surgeon in Urology Department,Children’s Hospital of Fudan University(Shanghai,China),were retrospectively analyzed.Sixty-four patients who underwent routine tubularized incised plate(TIP)or onlay island flap(ONLAY)surgery were included in the nonreconstructing group,and 73 patients who underwent reconstructing FCS during TIP or ONLAY surgery were included as the reconstructing group.Thirty-eight cases underwent TIP,and 26 underwent ONLAY in the nonreconstructing group,with a median follow-up of 44(range:30-70)months.Twenty-seven cases underwent TIP,and 46 underwent ONLAY in the reconstructing group,with a median follow-up of 15(range:6-27)months.In the nonreconstructing/reconstructing groups,the mean age at the time of surgery was 37.55(standard deviation[s.d.]:29.65)/35.23(s.d.:31.27)months,the mean operation duration was 91.95(s.d.:12.17)/93.84(s.d.:14.91)min,the mean neourethral length was 1.88(s.d.:0.53)/1.94(s.d.:0.53)cm,and the mean glans width was 11.83(s.d.:1.32)/11.56(s.d.:1.83)mm.Twelve(18.8%)/5(6.8%)postoperative complications occurred in the nonreconstructing/reconstructing groups.These included fistula(5/2),glans dehiscence(3/0),diverticulum(1/2),residual chordee(3/0),and meatus stenosis(0/1)in each group.There was a significant difference in the overall rate of complications(P=0.035).These results indicate that the technique of reconstructing FCS provides excellent outcomes with fewer complications in distal/midshaft hypospadias repair.展开更多
基金Acknowledgements This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 49974038 and 49990450) and by the National Basic Research Project of China (Grant No. G2000078407).
文摘This paper utilizes meridional and zonal velocity data measured by chaff rockets at a high resolution of 25 m in the 67—96 km region during the MAC/SINE campaign to study the char-acteristics of the spectra of the meridional and zonal velocity fluctuations. Results suggest that the mean vertical wavenumber spectra have a forked point near vertical wavenumber k = 0.001 m-1. In the vertical wavenumber region smaller than the forked point, the spectra of the meridional and zonal velocities have approximately the same spectral slope, amplitude, and characteristic vertical wavelength, and agree well with the linear saturated spectral model. In the vertical wavenumber region larger than the forked point, however, the meridional and zonal spectra are inconsistent not only in both slope and amplitude, but also in spectral structure. The differences between the observed meridional and zonal spectra provide observational evidence of azimuthal anisotropy of the velocity fluctuation field in the large vertical wavenumber region in mean sense.
文摘Background The columella, nasal tip, lip relationship in the bilateral cleft lip nasal deformity remains a great challenge for plastic surgeon. An esthetically satisfying result is difficult to obtain. A subset of patients with bilateral cleft lip nasal deformity still require columellar lengthening and nasal correction and philtrial construction. This study aimed to provide a new method based on the forked flap to improve the final appearance of these patients. Methods A technique to correct this deformity is described. This consists of （1） a newly modified forked flap including the orbicularis oris muscle and nasalis muscle along the whole flap for columellar lengthening, （2） a reverse V shaped flap from the lower portion of the columella and the prolabium for normal size phitrum construction, （3） inserting the vermilion portion of the forked flap and advancing the nasal floor medially and anteriorly to lengthen and maintain the nasal septum side of the columella for proper tip positioning, （4） open rhinoplasty, allowing definitive repositioning of the lower lateral cartilages, （5） reconstruction of the orbicularis orismuscle as required, and （6） the flaring nostril floor advancing medially and constructing the sill. Results This technique was applied to 15 cases of secondary bilateral cleft lip nasal deformity. All the flaps took without signs of partial necrosis. In all cases, the nasal tip was projected forward with adequate columella elongation, and the height of the prolabium was added with normal size philtrial dimensions. Conclusions This method makes maximum use of the tissue containing the scar in the lip and limits tissues in the lower portion of the columella and the prolabium for adequate columella elongation and reconstruction with normal size philtrial dimensions. It is a very reasonable and useful method in correction of secondary bilateral cleft lip nasal deformities.
文摘Bifid nose is a rare congenital abnormality and its surgical correction is difficult. We represent a case of bifid nose with mild nasal deformity without cerebral or lip deformity. We performed rhinoplasty with a kind of the forked flap at one year of age and the appearance improved.
文摘1 Introduction It has been known from the experiment that two conjugated systems of aromaticheterocyclic carbonyl and phenyl carbonyl groups in the aromatic heterocylic phenylketone compounds are not equivalent and so are not coplanary. The synhesis
文摘Five homologous series of bifurcate systems of aliphatic and aromatic polyenic cyano and carboxylic compounds have been prepared and studied. The electronic absorption spectra forthe series and the NMR chemical shifts for the methyl-, methylene- and beta-protons havebeen found to conform very well to the rule of homologous linearity. The mass spectra forthe α-cyano polyenic ester series show strong peaks for the fragments of M-COOEt but noneof M-CN, indicating that the CN group seems to be in stronger conjugation with the poly-enic chain than the COOEt group does. In all the forked series studided, a red shift in electronic spectra is brought about upon the introduction of an electron-attractive branching group, just like the case of introducing an electron-repelling substituent. This has been taken as an indication of the predominance of themolecular integrality over the group characteristics. By means of the method of similar triangles between a homologous line for a linearseries and that for the corresponding forked compounds, the equivalent △Ns for a branching group may be calculated with accuracy. Based on the value of this equivalent, the substituentnature of the structural effect of the branching group has been inferred. The electronic absorption maxima for four series of the forked compounds have been cal-culated by means of the extended homologous equation for the corresponding linear compounds.With an appropriate correction for the positional effect of the substituent equivalent, the cal-culated wavelengths agree generally with experimental data within ± 7nm.
文摘For the demands of automatic pruning, an effective discrimination rule of the forked and non-forked larch trees is established. First, information of tnmk and branch diameters of a larch plantations was collected from the west mountain of Beijing. The growth characteristics of the forked and non-forked trees were studied. Given the statistical characteristics of the trunk and branch diameters, a discriminant function of the forked branch and non-forked larch trees was established statistically. Excellent discrimination results were obtained by the function and the rule. The study presents an effective discrimination rule to separate forked trees from straight trees for automatic pruning.
文摘We reviewed our experience in reconstructing forked corpus spongiosum(FCS)in distal/midshaft hypospadias repair and analyzed the efficacy of this surgical technique.From August 2013 to December 2018,137 consecutive cases of distal/midshaft hypospadias operated by the same surgeon in Urology Department,Children’s Hospital of Fudan University(Shanghai,China),were retrospectively analyzed.Sixty-four patients who underwent routine tubularized incised plate(TIP)or onlay island flap(ONLAY)surgery were included in the nonreconstructing group,and 73 patients who underwent reconstructing FCS during TIP or ONLAY surgery were included as the reconstructing group.Thirty-eight cases underwent TIP,and 26 underwent ONLAY in the nonreconstructing group,with a median follow-up of 44(range:30-70)months.Twenty-seven cases underwent TIP,and 46 underwent ONLAY in the reconstructing group,with a median follow-up of 15(range:6-27)months.In the nonreconstructing/reconstructing groups,the mean age at the time of surgery was 37.55(standard deviation[s.d.]:29.65)/35.23(s.d.:31.27)months,the mean operation duration was 91.95(s.d.:12.17)/93.84(s.d.:14.91)min,the mean neourethral length was 1.88(s.d.:0.53)/1.94(s.d.:0.53)cm,and the mean glans width was 11.83(s.d.:1.32)/11.56(s.d.:1.83)mm.Twelve(18.8%)/5(6.8%)postoperative complications occurred in the nonreconstructing/reconstructing groups.These included fistula(5/2),glans dehiscence(3/0),diverticulum(1/2),residual chordee(3/0),and meatus stenosis(0/1)in each group.There was a significant difference in the overall rate of complications(P=0.035).These results indicate that the technique of reconstructing FCS provides excellent outcomes with fewer complications in distal/midshaft hypospadias repair.
