本试验旨在研究饲喂不同消化能(DE)、粗蛋白质(CP)水平的饲粮对泌乳前期伊犁母马泌乳性能、乳成分及马驹生长发育和血浆生化指标的影响,为进一步探讨泌乳期伊犁母马能量和蛋白质的需要量提供参考依据。选取无亲缘关系,年龄、体重、胎次...本试验旨在研究饲喂不同消化能(DE)、粗蛋白质(CP)水平的饲粮对泌乳前期伊犁母马泌乳性能、乳成分及马驹生长发育和血浆生化指标的影响,为进一步探讨泌乳期伊犁母马能量和蛋白质的需要量提供参考依据。选取无亲缘关系,年龄、体重、胎次相近且处于泌乳前期的伊犁母马25匹,根据母马体重分成5组,每组5匹。试验期为60 d,分为2个泌乳月,每30 d为1个泌乳月。母马第1泌乳月DE、CP饲喂水平分别为101.41 M J/d、1.38 kg/d(Ⅰ组),112.05 M J/d、1.50 kg/d(Ⅱ组),122.40 M J/d、1.63 kg/d(Ⅲ组),133.27 M J/d、1.75 kg/d(Ⅳ组),143.84 MJ/d、1.87 kg/d(Ⅴ组);第2泌乳月DE、CP饲喂水平分别为129.73 MJ/d、1.82 kg/d(Ⅰ组),140.37 M J/d、1.94 kg/d(Ⅱ组),150.72 M J/d、2.07 kg/d(Ⅲ组),161.60 M J/d、2.19 kg/d(Ⅳ组),172.17 M J/d、2.31 kg/d(Ⅴ组)。每个泌乳月的第1~14天为预试期,最后10 d为采样期。结果显示:饲喂不同DE和CP水平的饲粮对泌乳前期伊犁母马的产奶量、常规乳成分和乳体细胞数无显著影响(P>0.05)。乳脂中饱和脂肪酸含量各组间均无显著差异(P>0.05),Ⅱ、Ⅳ组不饱和脂肪酸含量显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05),单不饱和脂肪酸含量各组间差异均不显著(P>0.05),多不饱和脂肪酸含量Ⅰ组显著低于饲粮Ⅱ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组(P<0.05)。增加饲粮DE和CP水平后,乳脂中棕榈酸(C16∶0)、棕榈油酸(C16∶1)和亚油酸(C18∶2n6c)含量发生显著变化(P<0.05),其中棕榈酸和棕榈油酸的含量Ⅰ组显著高于其他组(P<0.05),亚油酸的含量Ⅰ组显著低于Ⅱ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组(P<0.05)。伊犁母马泌乳前期饲喂不同DE、CP水平的饲粮对马驹体重、体长、胸围、管围均无显著影响(P>0.05),但马驹的体高表现为Ⅰ组显著高于Ⅱ、Ⅲ组(P<0.05)。马驹的血浆生理生化指标显示,各组间血浆甘油三酯、总蛋白、白蛋白、尿素氮含量差异均不显著(P>0.05)。由此可见,在第1和第2泌乳月,DE饲喂水平分别为10展开更多
Several studies have shown a major development in height and cannon bone circumference in foals from birth to weaning and from different breeds. However, in Brazil, there is little information about foal development. ...Several studies have shown a major development in height and cannon bone circumference in foals from birth to weaning and from different breeds. However, in Brazil, there is little information about foal development. For this reason, this study has used data on foals from seven different farms in Pernambuco, Northeast Brazil, where horses have a major economic importance. The aim of this study was to compare foal’s development from four breeds and to develop a regression formula in order to estimate such development. It was used data from 210 suckling foals (Arabians n = 18, Campolina n = 86, Mangalarga Marchador n = 42 and Quarter Horses n = 64), raised in similar management practices. Their height at withers, heart girth, and cannon bone girth were measured monthly from birth to weaning. Data we reanalyzed by ANOVA and Tukey Test, with P established in 5%. The highest mean of height at withers was observed in the Arabian foals, and it was similar to Campolina and Mangalarga Marchador foals. The last breed presented a higher percentage of gain in height (~36%) and higher heart girth. On the other hand, Campolina foals had the highest mean of cannon bone girth. There was a significant interaction between breed and development phase in heart and cannon bone girths. All regression for mulas obtained from this data was very significant, and it was showed that they can predict height at withers in the four breeds studied. Heart and cannon bone girths showed medium value of R2 and large significance. It is important to highlight that fetal programing produces significant impact on foal development, even after weaning. So, this study would have observed some more changes if its scope had been extended beyond this phase.展开更多
文摘本试验旨在研究饲喂不同消化能(DE)、粗蛋白质(CP)水平的饲粮对泌乳前期伊犁母马泌乳性能、乳成分及马驹生长发育和血浆生化指标的影响,为进一步探讨泌乳期伊犁母马能量和蛋白质的需要量提供参考依据。选取无亲缘关系,年龄、体重、胎次相近且处于泌乳前期的伊犁母马25匹,根据母马体重分成5组,每组5匹。试验期为60 d,分为2个泌乳月,每30 d为1个泌乳月。母马第1泌乳月DE、CP饲喂水平分别为101.41 M J/d、1.38 kg/d(Ⅰ组),112.05 M J/d、1.50 kg/d(Ⅱ组),122.40 M J/d、1.63 kg/d(Ⅲ组),133.27 M J/d、1.75 kg/d(Ⅳ组),143.84 MJ/d、1.87 kg/d(Ⅴ组);第2泌乳月DE、CP饲喂水平分别为129.73 MJ/d、1.82 kg/d(Ⅰ组),140.37 M J/d、1.94 kg/d(Ⅱ组),150.72 M J/d、2.07 kg/d(Ⅲ组),161.60 M J/d、2.19 kg/d(Ⅳ组),172.17 M J/d、2.31 kg/d(Ⅴ组)。每个泌乳月的第1~14天为预试期,最后10 d为采样期。结果显示:饲喂不同DE和CP水平的饲粮对泌乳前期伊犁母马的产奶量、常规乳成分和乳体细胞数无显著影响(P>0.05)。乳脂中饱和脂肪酸含量各组间均无显著差异(P>0.05),Ⅱ、Ⅳ组不饱和脂肪酸含量显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05),单不饱和脂肪酸含量各组间差异均不显著(P>0.05),多不饱和脂肪酸含量Ⅰ组显著低于饲粮Ⅱ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组(P<0.05)。增加饲粮DE和CP水平后,乳脂中棕榈酸(C16∶0)、棕榈油酸(C16∶1)和亚油酸(C18∶2n6c)含量发生显著变化(P<0.05),其中棕榈酸和棕榈油酸的含量Ⅰ组显著高于其他组(P<0.05),亚油酸的含量Ⅰ组显著低于Ⅱ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组(P<0.05)。伊犁母马泌乳前期饲喂不同DE、CP水平的饲粮对马驹体重、体长、胸围、管围均无显著影响(P>0.05),但马驹的体高表现为Ⅰ组显著高于Ⅱ、Ⅲ组(P<0.05)。马驹的血浆生理生化指标显示,各组间血浆甘油三酯、总蛋白、白蛋白、尿素氮含量差异均不显著(P>0.05)。由此可见,在第1和第2泌乳月,DE饲喂水平分别为10
文摘Several studies have shown a major development in height and cannon bone circumference in foals from birth to weaning and from different breeds. However, in Brazil, there is little information about foal development. For this reason, this study has used data on foals from seven different farms in Pernambuco, Northeast Brazil, where horses have a major economic importance. The aim of this study was to compare foal’s development from four breeds and to develop a regression formula in order to estimate such development. It was used data from 210 suckling foals (Arabians n = 18, Campolina n = 86, Mangalarga Marchador n = 42 and Quarter Horses n = 64), raised in similar management practices. Their height at withers, heart girth, and cannon bone girth were measured monthly from birth to weaning. Data we reanalyzed by ANOVA and Tukey Test, with P established in 5%. The highest mean of height at withers was observed in the Arabian foals, and it was similar to Campolina and Mangalarga Marchador foals. The last breed presented a higher percentage of gain in height (~36%) and higher heart girth. On the other hand, Campolina foals had the highest mean of cannon bone girth. There was a significant interaction between breed and development phase in heart and cannon bone girths. All regression for mulas obtained from this data was very significant, and it was showed that they can predict height at withers in the four breeds studied. Heart and cannon bone girths showed medium value of R2 and large significance. It is important to highlight that fetal programing produces significant impact on foal development, even after weaning. So, this study would have observed some more changes if its scope had been extended beyond this phase.
