The suppression of vitrinite reflectance (R0) was reported by many investigators , whereas the enhancement of vitrinite reflectance , the phenomenon that the measured R values are higher than the values that should be...The suppression of vitrinite reflectance (R0) was reported by many investigators , whereas the enhancement of vitrinite reflectance , the phenomenon that the measured R values are higher than the values that should be at the given regional rank , is in most cases unrecognized .Both R0 suppression and enhancement were observed in many basins in China , in coal seams as well as in oil source rocks , and representative examples are presented in this paper . A lot of experimental work on two series of samples was carried out for investigating the cause and mechanism of vitrinite reflectance suppression and enhancement , and effective methods for rectifying suppressed or enhanced R0 were sought on the basis of our organic geochemistry study in several basins . Our studies confirm : (1) the variations in initial hydrogen content and thermostability of vitrinite macerals are the main cause of both R0 suppression and enhancement ;(2) great care must be taken in using R0 to reflect the thermal histories of sedimentary basins because it can be not only suppressed, but also enhanced , although it has many advantages over other paleogeothermometers ; (3 ) the combined measurement of R0 and fluorescence spectrum on sporinite is an effective method for both recognizing and rectifying supressed or enhanced R0 values .展开更多
We experimentally study the phase regulated switch between elcctromagnctically induced trans- parency and electromagmetically induced absorption in probe transmission signal and the conver- sion between enhancement an...We experimentally study the phase regulated switch between elcctromagnctically induced trans- parency and electromagmetically induced absorption in probe transmission signal and the conver- sion between enhancement and suppression in four-wave mixing and fluorescence signals for the first time. By changing the relative phase, electromagnetically induced transparency can be eonverted into electromagnetically induced absorption. In this process, the conversion from suppression to enhancement is also obtained in four-wave mixing and fluorescence signals. This research can be applied in non-linear optical device like optical switch and optical wavelength convertor.展开更多
We examine the effects of driving field linewidth on a one-atom dressed state laser. Unexpectedly, the linewidth leads to anomalous effects on the cavity field. The mean photon number of the cavity field is raised or ...We examine the effects of driving field linewidth on a one-atom dressed state laser. Unexpectedly, the linewidth leads to anomalous effects on the cavity field. The mean photon number of the cavity field is raised or the normalized variance is reduced to a certain degree as the linewidth increases for an appropriate range of parameters. The responsible mechanism is attributed to the fluctuation-induced modification of the electromagnetic reservoir where the atom stays.展开更多
The super line 03-04-034, which results from a cross between Pyrus bretchneideri cv Jingbaili and P.ussuriensis cv Yali, is highly resistant to pear scab.Specimens were inoculated with Venturia nashicola to generate a...The super line 03-04-034, which results from a cross between Pyrus bretchneideri cv Jingbaili and P.ussuriensis cv Yali, is highly resistant to pear scab.Specimens were inoculated with Venturia nashicola to generate a database of expressed sequence tags(ESTs) to be used as resources for transcripts induced in inoculated and uninoculated leaves. After performing subtractive suppression hybridization using cDNA of the inoculated and uninoculated leaves harvested 51 h after inoculation, 100 clones from the uninoculated and 100 clones from the inoculated cDNA library were selected and sequenced. BLASTN searches of each cDNA library against GenBank revealed eight unique sequences associated with the defense response, comprising four ESTs from the uninoculated cDNA library(ubiquitin extension protein, subtilisin-like protease, basic helix-loop-helix(bHLH) transcription factor and aspartic endopeptidase) and four ESTs from the inoculated cDNA library(S-adenosylmethionine synthase(SAMS), heat shock factor(HSF) domain class transcription factor, RNA-binding protein and polyphenol oxidase 5 precursor).Quantitative fluorescence real-time polymerase chain analysis revealed that the transcripts for SAMS and subtilisin-like protease were highly expressed in the incompatible interaction. The SAMS gene was more highly expressed in inoculated leaves than uninoculated leaves, while the reverse was true for subtilisin-like protease. The SAMS and subtilisin-like protease genes have been found to be associated with plant defense mechanisms. Further studies of greater detail are required to understand how these genes are expressed and regulated during infection with V.nashicola.展开更多
文摘The suppression of vitrinite reflectance (R0) was reported by many investigators , whereas the enhancement of vitrinite reflectance , the phenomenon that the measured R values are higher than the values that should be at the given regional rank , is in most cases unrecognized .Both R0 suppression and enhancement were observed in many basins in China , in coal seams as well as in oil source rocks , and representative examples are presented in this paper . A lot of experimental work on two series of samples was carried out for investigating the cause and mechanism of vitrinite reflectance suppression and enhancement , and effective methods for rectifying suppressed or enhanced R0 were sought on the basis of our organic geochemistry study in several basins . Our studies confirm : (1) the variations in initial hydrogen content and thermostability of vitrinite macerals are the main cause of both R0 suppression and enhancement ;(2) great care must be taken in using R0 to reflect the thermal histories of sedimentary basins because it can be not only suppressed, but also enhanced , although it has many advantages over other paleogeothermometers ; (3 ) the combined measurement of R0 and fluorescence spectrum on sporinite is an effective method for both recognizing and rectifying supressed or enhanced R0 values .
基金The work was supported by the Na- tional Basic Research Program （973 Program） （Grant No. 2012CB921804）, the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant Nos. 10974151, 61078002, 61078020, 11104214, 61108017, 11104216, and 61205112）, the Program for New Cen- tury Excellent Talents in University （NCET） （Grant No. 08- 0431）, RFDP （Grant Nos. 20110201110006, 20110201120005, and20100201120031）, the Fundamental Research Funds for the Cen- tral Universities （FRFCU） （Grant Nos. 2012jdhz05, 2011jdhz07, xjj2011083, xjj2011084, xjj20100151, xjj20100100, and xjj2012080）, and CPSF （Grant No. 2012M521773）.
文摘We experimentally study the phase regulated switch between elcctromagnctically induced trans- parency and electromagmetically induced absorption in probe transmission signal and the conver- sion between enhancement and suppression in four-wave mixing and fluorescence signals for the first time. By changing the relative phase, electromagnetically induced transparency can be eonverted into electromagnetically induced absorption. In this process, the conversion from suppression to enhancement is also obtained in four-wave mixing and fluorescence signals. This research can be applied in non-linear optical device like optical switch and optical wavelength convertor.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 60378008 and 10574052.
文摘We examine the effects of driving field linewidth on a one-atom dressed state laser. Unexpectedly, the linewidth leads to anomalous effects on the cavity field. The mean photon number of the cavity field is raised or the normalized variance is reduced to a certain degree as the linewidth increases for an appropriate range of parameters. The responsible mechanism is attributed to the fluctuation-induced modification of the electromagnetic reservoir where the atom stays.
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Plan Projects of Hebei Province(16226312D-3)the Changli Comprehensive Experimental Station of National Pearindustry Technology Research System of(CARS-29-23)Science and Technology Plan Innovation Team Projects of Hebei Province(494-0402-TBN-OG4L)
文摘The super line 03-04-034, which results from a cross between Pyrus bretchneideri cv Jingbaili and P.ussuriensis cv Yali, is highly resistant to pear scab.Specimens were inoculated with Venturia nashicola to generate a database of expressed sequence tags(ESTs) to be used as resources for transcripts induced in inoculated and uninoculated leaves. After performing subtractive suppression hybridization using cDNA of the inoculated and uninoculated leaves harvested 51 h after inoculation, 100 clones from the uninoculated and 100 clones from the inoculated cDNA library were selected and sequenced. BLASTN searches of each cDNA library against GenBank revealed eight unique sequences associated with the defense response, comprising four ESTs from the uninoculated cDNA library(ubiquitin extension protein, subtilisin-like protease, basic helix-loop-helix(bHLH) transcription factor and aspartic endopeptidase) and four ESTs from the inoculated cDNA library(S-adenosylmethionine synthase(SAMS), heat shock factor(HSF) domain class transcription factor, RNA-binding protein and polyphenol oxidase 5 precursor).Quantitative fluorescence real-time polymerase chain analysis revealed that the transcripts for SAMS and subtilisin-like protease were highly expressed in the incompatible interaction. The SAMS gene was more highly expressed in inoculated leaves than uninoculated leaves, while the reverse was true for subtilisin-like protease. The SAMS and subtilisin-like protease genes have been found to be associated with plant defense mechanisms. Further studies of greater detail are required to understand how these genes are expressed and regulated during infection with V.nashicola.
