实验以异育银鲫"中科3号"幼鱼(3.2±0.5)g为实验对象,研究螺旋藻粉蛋白替代饲料鱼粉蛋白(0、20%、40%、60%、80%和100%)对鱼摄食、生长、饲料利用和蛋白沉积的影响。实验设计了6种等氮(38%)等脂(10%)等能(16.50 k J)的饲...实验以异育银鲫"中科3号"幼鱼(3.2±0.5)g为实验对象,研究螺旋藻粉蛋白替代饲料鱼粉蛋白(0、20%、40%、60%、80%和100%)对鱼摄食、生长、饲料利用和蛋白沉积的影响。实验设计了6种等氮(38%)等脂(10%)等能(16.50 k J)的饲料,每处理3个重复。采用室内循环水养殖系统,表观饱食投喂。实验水温为(28±3)℃,实验共持续60d。结果发现:随藻粉替代比例的增加,鱼摄食率显著上升;饲料效率则呈显著下降趋势;特定生长率在20%替代组与鱼粉组无显著差异(P>0.05),其他各替代组均显著低于鱼粉组(P<0.05);蛋白沉积率在20%、60%替代时与鱼粉组无显著差异(P>0.05),其他替代组显著低于鱼粉组(P<0.05);肥满度在各替代组均显著低于鱼粉组(P<0.05);鱼体蛋白随藻粉替代比例的增加呈现先持平后降低的趋势,鱼体脂肪则呈先降低后升高的变化;20%、40%和60%替代组全鱼灰分均高于全鱼粉组;肠道消化酶(胰蛋白酶、脂肪酶和α-淀粉酶)在替代组和对照组间均无显著差异(P>0.05);干物质表观消化率随藻粉蛋白替代比例的增加而呈显著上升,蛋白的表观消化率则呈显著下降趋势,总磷表观消化率在20%替代时最低,在100%替代时最高。综合特定生长率和蛋白沉积率情况,当鲫幼鱼饲料中鱼粉含量约为50%,且鱼粉为唯一蛋白源时,螺旋藻粉蛋白可替代饲料中20%鱼粉蛋白。展开更多
Low-fishmeal and protein-saving diets are two prominent nutritional strategies utilized to address challenges related to the scarcity and sustainability of protein sources in aquaculture.However,these diets have been ...Low-fishmeal and protein-saving diets are two prominent nutritional strategies utilized to address challenges related to the scarcity and sustainability of protein sources in aquaculture.However,these diets have been associated with adverse effects on the growth performance,feed utilization,and disease resistance of aquatic animals.To mitigate these challenges,exogenous protease has been applied to enhance the quality of diets with lower protein contents or fishmeal alternatives,thereby improving the bioavailability of nutritional ingredients.Additionally,protease preparations were also used to enzymatically hydrolyze fishmeal alternatives,thus enhancing their nutritional utilization.The present review aims to consolidate recent research progress on the use of protease in aquaculture and conclude the benefits and limitations of its application,thereby providing a comprehensive understanding of the subject and identifying opportunities for future research.展开更多
An 8-week feeding experiment was conducted in an indoor recirculation seawater system to investigate the effects of partial replacement of dietary fishmeal with proteins from five sources on the growth performance and...An 8-week feeding experiment was conducted in an indoor recirculation seawater system to investigate the effects of partial replacement of dietary fishmeal with proteins from five sources on the growth performance and feed utilization of Sebastes schlegeli. Six isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated using fishmeal(FM, the control) as sole protein source, or proteins from five sources including poultry by-product meal(PBM), meat and bone meal(MBM), soybean meal(SBM), cottonseed meal(CSM) and canola meal(CNM). Fifteen percent of the crude protein provided by fish meal was replaced, respectively. The results showed that the differences in specific growth rate(SGR) and survival rate(SR) among fish fed PBM, MBM, SBM, CSM and whole FM diets were not significant. However, SGR and SR of fish fed CNM diet was significantly lower than that of other treatments. Feeding rate, feed conversion, nutrient retention showed similar patterns to that of growth. Fish fed CSM and CNM showed significantly lower apparent digestibility coefficient(ADC) of dry matter and gross energy than those fed others while fish fed CNM showed lower ADC of crude protein than those fed others(P<0.05). These results suggested that it was feasible to substitute 15% dietary protein provided by fishmeal with PBM, MBM, SBM and CSM, respectively, but not with CNM as the replacement with CNM reduced fish growth and feed utilization.展开更多
The main animal protein ingredient in fish diets is most often fishmeal because of its nutritional quality.However,the limited availability and increasingly cost of fishmeal has lead to investigations of either loweri...The main animal protein ingredient in fish diets is most often fishmeal because of its nutritional quality.However,the limited availability and increasingly cost of fishmeal has lead to investigations of either lowering or replacing the fishmeal content with more economic protein sources of animal and/or plant origin.The research for appropriate and cheap cost alternative sources of protein to use in commercial fish diets will be the most important factor in intensive fish culture development.Insect meals are healthy and nutritious alternatives to fish meal due to their rich nutritional values,particularly protein,fat and minerals.Housefly maggots(Musca domestica)meal is also rich in B complex vitamins,trace elements and phosphorus.From the results of previous studies,Housefly maggots meal can be used successfully to replace the fish meal portion partially or completely in the fish diets.Also,the results observed that not physiological stressful was introduced in the fish by feeding Housefly maggots meal diets.This indicates that Housefly maggots meal were well utilized by the fish thus resulting in good growth of fish.In other study,observed a best growth performance with fish feeding on diets containing maggot’s meal compared with fish feeding on fishmeal diet.This indicates the high nutritional quality and fish acceptance of maggot’s meal.展开更多
An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to assess the effect of soybean meal （SBM）, groundnut meal （GNM） and blood meal （BM） addition in diets with or without （1%） fishmeal on the performance, N-digestibility an...An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to assess the effect of soybean meal （SBM）, groundnut meal （GNM） and blood meal （BM） addition in diets with or without （1%） fishmeal on the performance, N-digestibility and cost of production of growing grasscutters. Fifty-four grasscutters （9-week-old） of mixed sexes were randomly assigned to six dietary treatments, using a completely randomized design （CRD） in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement, with three grasscutters per treatment and three replicates each. Treatments 1-3 （TI-T3） contained no fishmeal, whilst treatments 4-6 （T4-T6） had 1% fishmeal added. The diets were formulated to be isocaloric and isonitrogenous. N-digestibility was significantly high for SBM diets with or without fishmeal, 83.91% and 82.19%, respectively, followed by BM diets. Average daily gain （ADG） was significantly （P 〈 0.05） high （12.95 g） for BM diet without fishmeal. Feed cost per kg diet was the lowest （US$0.195） for the same BM diet. The results indicated that the inclusion of SBM and BM in the diet of grasscutters with or without 1% fishmeal could improve performance and it may be the most economical for feeding BM in the diet without fishmeal.展开更多
文摘实验以异育银鲫"中科3号"幼鱼(3.2±0.5)g为实验对象,研究螺旋藻粉蛋白替代饲料鱼粉蛋白(0、20%、40%、60%、80%和100%)对鱼摄食、生长、饲料利用和蛋白沉积的影响。实验设计了6种等氮(38%)等脂(10%)等能(16.50 k J)的饲料,每处理3个重复。采用室内循环水养殖系统,表观饱食投喂。实验水温为(28±3)℃,实验共持续60d。结果发现:随藻粉替代比例的增加,鱼摄食率显著上升;饲料效率则呈显著下降趋势;特定生长率在20%替代组与鱼粉组无显著差异(P>0.05),其他各替代组均显著低于鱼粉组(P<0.05);蛋白沉积率在20%、60%替代时与鱼粉组无显著差异(P>0.05),其他替代组显著低于鱼粉组(P<0.05);肥满度在各替代组均显著低于鱼粉组(P<0.05);鱼体蛋白随藻粉替代比例的增加呈现先持平后降低的趋势,鱼体脂肪则呈先降低后升高的变化;20%、40%和60%替代组全鱼灰分均高于全鱼粉组;肠道消化酶(胰蛋白酶、脂肪酶和α-淀粉酶)在替代组和对照组间均无显著差异(P>0.05);干物质表观消化率随藻粉蛋白替代比例的增加而呈显著上升,蛋白的表观消化率则呈显著下降趋势,总磷表观消化率在20%替代时最低,在100%替代时最高。综合特定生长率和蛋白沉积率情况,当鲫幼鱼饲料中鱼粉含量约为50%,且鱼粉为唯一蛋白源时,螺旋藻粉蛋白可替代饲料中20%鱼粉蛋白。
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD1300600)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of CAAS,China(IFR-ZDRW202303)+1 种基金Beijing Innovation Consortium of Agriculture Research System(BAIC07-2023)Xinjiang key Research and Development Program(2022B02039-3)
文摘Low-fishmeal and protein-saving diets are two prominent nutritional strategies utilized to address challenges related to the scarcity and sustainability of protein sources in aquaculture.However,these diets have been associated with adverse effects on the growth performance,feed utilization,and disease resistance of aquatic animals.To mitigate these challenges,exogenous protease has been applied to enhance the quality of diets with lower protein contents or fishmeal alternatives,thereby improving the bioavailability of nutritional ingredients.Additionally,protease preparations were also used to enzymatically hydrolyze fishmeal alternatives,thus enhancing their nutritional utilization.The present review aims to consolidate recent research progress on the use of protease in aquaculture and conclude the benefits and limitations of its application,thereby providing a comprehensive understanding of the subject and identifying opportunities for future research.
基金funded by National Key Basic Research Program (2009CB118702)partly by the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘An 8-week feeding experiment was conducted in an indoor recirculation seawater system to investigate the effects of partial replacement of dietary fishmeal with proteins from five sources on the growth performance and feed utilization of Sebastes schlegeli. Six isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated using fishmeal(FM, the control) as sole protein source, or proteins from five sources including poultry by-product meal(PBM), meat and bone meal(MBM), soybean meal(SBM), cottonseed meal(CSM) and canola meal(CNM). Fifteen percent of the crude protein provided by fish meal was replaced, respectively. The results showed that the differences in specific growth rate(SGR) and survival rate(SR) among fish fed PBM, MBM, SBM, CSM and whole FM diets were not significant. However, SGR and SR of fish fed CNM diet was significantly lower than that of other treatments. Feeding rate, feed conversion, nutrient retention showed similar patterns to that of growth. Fish fed CSM and CNM showed significantly lower apparent digestibility coefficient(ADC) of dry matter and gross energy than those fed others while fish fed CNM showed lower ADC of crude protein than those fed others(P<0.05). These results suggested that it was feasible to substitute 15% dietary protein provided by fishmeal with PBM, MBM, SBM and CSM, respectively, but not with CNM as the replacement with CNM reduced fish growth and feed utilization.
文摘The main animal protein ingredient in fish diets is most often fishmeal because of its nutritional quality.However,the limited availability and increasingly cost of fishmeal has lead to investigations of either lowering or replacing the fishmeal content with more economic protein sources of animal and/or plant origin.The research for appropriate and cheap cost alternative sources of protein to use in commercial fish diets will be the most important factor in intensive fish culture development.Insect meals are healthy and nutritious alternatives to fish meal due to their rich nutritional values,particularly protein,fat and minerals.Housefly maggots(Musca domestica)meal is also rich in B complex vitamins,trace elements and phosphorus.From the results of previous studies,Housefly maggots meal can be used successfully to replace the fish meal portion partially or completely in the fish diets.Also,the results observed that not physiological stressful was introduced in the fish by feeding Housefly maggots meal diets.This indicates that Housefly maggots meal were well utilized by the fish thus resulting in good growth of fish.In other study,observed a best growth performance with fish feeding on diets containing maggot’s meal compared with fish feeding on fishmeal diet.This indicates the high nutritional quality and fish acceptance of maggot’s meal.
文摘An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to assess the effect of soybean meal （SBM）, groundnut meal （GNM） and blood meal （BM） addition in diets with or without （1%） fishmeal on the performance, N-digestibility and cost of production of growing grasscutters. Fifty-four grasscutters （9-week-old） of mixed sexes were randomly assigned to six dietary treatments, using a completely randomized design （CRD） in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement, with three grasscutters per treatment and three replicates each. Treatments 1-3 （TI-T3） contained no fishmeal, whilst treatments 4-6 （T4-T6） had 1% fishmeal added. The diets were formulated to be isocaloric and isonitrogenous. N-digestibility was significantly high for SBM diets with or without fishmeal, 83.91% and 82.19%, respectively, followed by BM diets. Average daily gain （ADG） was significantly （P 〈 0.05） high （12.95 g） for BM diet without fishmeal. Feed cost per kg diet was the lowest （US$0.195） for the same BM diet. The results indicated that the inclusion of SBM and BM in the diet of grasscutters with or without 1% fishmeal could improve performance and it may be the most economical for feeding BM in the diet without fishmeal.
