A common of two-fluid flow heat exchanger, in which the heat transfer between highand low-temperature sides obeys Newton's law [q∝Δ(T)], is studied in this paper. By taking entransy dissipation minimization as o...A common of two-fluid flow heat exchanger, in which the heat transfer between highand low-temperature sides obeys Newton's law [q∝Δ(T)], is studied in this paper. By taking entransy dissipation minimization as optimization objective, the optimum parameter distributions in the heat exchanger are derived by using optimal control theory under the condition of fixed heat load. The condition corresponding to the minimum entransy dissipation is that corresponding to a constant heat flux density. Three kinds of heat exchangers, including parallel flow, condensing flow and counter-flow, are considered, and the results show that only the counter-flow heat exchanger can realize the entransy dissipation minimization in the heat transfer process. The obtained results for entransy dissipation minimization are also compared with those obtained for entropy generation minimization by numerical examples.展开更多
The entransy and entransy dissipation extremum principle proposed have opened up a new direction for the heat transfer optimi-zation. The emergence and development of entransy theory are reviewed. Entransy theory and ...The entransy and entransy dissipation extremum principle proposed have opened up a new direction for the heat transfer optimi-zation. The emergence and development of entransy theory are reviewed. Entransy theory and its applications are summarized from several aspects, such as heat conduction, heat convective, heat radiation, heat exchanger design and mass transfer, etc. The emphases are focused on four aspects, i.e., the comparison between entropy generation rate and entransy dissipation rate, the combination of entransy dissipation extreme principle with finite time thermodynamics, the combination of entransy dissipation extreme principle with the heat conduction constructal theory, and the combination of entransy dissipation extreme principle with the heat convective constructal theory. The scientific features of entransy theory are emphasized.展开更多
The liquid-solid phase change process of a simple one-dimensional slab is studied in this paper.By taking entransy dissipation minimization as optimization objective,the optimal external reservoir temperature profiles...The liquid-solid phase change process of a simple one-dimensional slab is studied in this paper.By taking entransy dissipation minimization as optimization objective,the optimal external reservoir temperature profiles are derived by using optimal control theory under the condition of a fixed freezing or melting time.The entransy dissipation corresponding to the optimal heat exchange strategies of minimum entransy dissipation is 8/9 of that corresponding to constant reservoir temperature operations,which is independent of all system parameters.The obtained results for entransy dissipation minimization are also compared with those obtained for the optimal heat exchange strategies of minimum entropy generation and constant reservoir temperature operations by numerical examples.The obtained results can provide some theoretical guidelines for the choice of optimal cooling or heating strategy in practical liquid-solid phase change processes.展开更多
The optimal configuration of a heat engine operating between a finite high-temperature source and an infinite low-temperature reservoir is derived by using finite time thermodynamics based on a complex heat transfer l...The optimal configuration of a heat engine operating between a finite high-temperature source and an infinite low-temperature reservoir is derived by using finite time thermodynamics based on a complex heat transfer law,including Newtonian heat transfer law,linear phenomenological heat transfer law,radiative heat transfer law,Dulong-Petit heat transfer law,generalized convective heat transfer law and generalized radiative heat transfer law,q ∝(△T n). In the engine model the only irreversibility of finite rate heat transfer is considered. The optimal relation between the power output and efficiency of the heat engine is also derived by using an equivalent temperature of the hot reservoir. The obtained results include those obtained in recent literature and can provide some theoretical guidance for the designs of practical engines.展开更多
A new cyclic model of a four-reservoir isothermal chemical potential transformer with irreversible mass transfer, mass leakage and internal dissipation is put forward in this paper. The optimal relation be-tween the c...A new cyclic model of a four-reservoir isothermal chemical potential transformer with irreversible mass transfer, mass leakage and internal dissipation is put forward in this paper. The optimal relation be-tween the coefficient of performance (COP) and the rate of energy pumping of the generalized irre-versible four-reservoir isothermal chemical potential transformer has been derived by using finite-time thermodynamics or thermodynamic optimization. The maximum COP and the corresponding rate of energy pumping, as well as the maximum rate of energy pumping and the corresponding COP, have been obtained. Moreover, the influences of the irreversibility on the optimal performance of the iso-thermal chemical potential transformer have been revealed. It was found that the mass leakage affects the optimal performance both qualitatively and quantitatively, while the internal dissipation affects the optimal performance quantitatively. The results obtained herein can provide some new theoretical guidelines for the optimal design and development of a class of isothermal chemical potential trans-formers, such as mass exchangers, electrochemical, photochemical and solid state devices, fuel pumps, etc.展开更多
An Otto cycle engine with internal and external irreversibilities of friction and heat leakage, in which the heat transfer between the working fluid and the environment obeys linear phenomenological heat transfer law ...An Otto cycle engine with internal and external irreversibilities of friction and heat leakage, in which the heat transfer between the working fluid and the environment obeys linear phenomenological heat transfer law [q ∝△(T -1)], is studied in this paper. The optimal piston motion trajectory for maximizing the work output per cycle is derived for the fixed total cycle time and fuel consumed per cycle. Optimal control theory is applied to determine the optimal piston trajectories for the cases of with and without piston acceleration constraint on each stroke and the optimal distribution of the total cycle time among the strokes. The optimal piston motion with acceleration constraint for each stroke consists of three segments, including initial maximum acceleration and final maximum deceleration boundary segments, respectively. Numerical examples for optimal configuration are provided, and the obtained results are compared with those obtained with Newton’s heat transfer law [q ∝△(T )]. The results also show that optimizing the piston motion can improve power and efficiency of the engine by more than 9%. This is primarily due to the decrease in heat leakage loss on the initial portion of the power stroke.展开更多
基金Supported by the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in Universities of China (Grant No. 20041006)Foundation for Authors of National Excellent Doctoral Dissertation of China (Grant No. 200136)
文摘A common of two-fluid flow heat exchanger, in which the heat transfer between highand low-temperature sides obeys Newton's law [q∝Δ(T)], is studied in this paper. By taking entransy dissipation minimization as optimization objective, the optimum parameter distributions in the heat exchanger are derived by using optimal control theory under the condition of fixed heat load. The condition corresponding to the minimum entransy dissipation is that corresponding to a constant heat flux density. Three kinds of heat exchangers, including parallel flow, condensing flow and counter-flow, are considered, and the results show that only the counter-flow heat exchanger can realize the entransy dissipation minimization in the heat transfer process. The obtained results for entransy dissipation minimization are also compared with those obtained for entropy generation minimization by numerical examples.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51176203, 10905093)
文摘The entransy and entransy dissipation extremum principle proposed have opened up a new direction for the heat transfer optimi-zation. The emergence and development of entransy theory are reviewed. Entransy theory and its applications are summarized from several aspects, such as heat conduction, heat convective, heat radiation, heat exchanger design and mass transfer, etc. The emphases are focused on four aspects, i.e., the comparison between entropy generation rate and entransy dissipation rate, the combination of entransy dissipation extreme principle with finite time thermodynamics, the combination of entransy dissipation extreme principle with the heat conduction constructal theory, and the combination of entransy dissipation extreme principle with the heat convective constructal theory. The scientific features of entransy theory are emphasized.
基金supported by the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in Universities of China (Grant No 20041006)the Foundation for the Authors of National Excellent Doctoral Dissertation of China (Grant No 200136)
文摘The liquid-solid phase change process of a simple one-dimensional slab is studied in this paper.By taking entransy dissipation minimization as optimization objective,the optimal external reservoir temperature profiles are derived by using optimal control theory under the condition of a fixed freezing or melting time.The entransy dissipation corresponding to the optimal heat exchange strategies of minimum entransy dissipation is 8/9 of that corresponding to constant reservoir temperature operations,which is independent of all system parameters.The obtained results for entransy dissipation minimization are also compared with those obtained for the optimal heat exchange strategies of minimum entropy generation and constant reservoir temperature operations by numerical examples.The obtained results can provide some theoretical guidelines for the choice of optimal cooling or heating strategy in practical liquid-solid phase change processes.
基金Supported by the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University of China (Grant No. 20041006)the Foundation for the Author of National Excellent Doctoral Dissertation of China (Grant No. 200136)
文摘The optimal configuration of a heat engine operating between a finite high-temperature source and an infinite low-temperature reservoir is derived by using finite time thermodynamics based on a complex heat transfer law,including Newtonian heat transfer law,linear phenomenological heat transfer law,radiative heat transfer law,Dulong-Petit heat transfer law,generalized convective heat transfer law and generalized radiative heat transfer law,q ∝(△T n). In the engine model the only irreversibility of finite rate heat transfer is considered. The optimal relation between the power output and efficiency of the heat engine is also derived by using an equivalent temperature of the hot reservoir. The obtained results include those obtained in recent literature and can provide some theoretical guidance for the designs of practical engines.
基金the Program for New Century Excellent Talents of China (Grant No. NCET-04-1006)the Foundation for the Author of National Excellent Doctoral Dissertation of China (Grant No. 200136)
文摘A new cyclic model of a four-reservoir isothermal chemical potential transformer with irreversible mass transfer, mass leakage and internal dissipation is put forward in this paper. The optimal relation be-tween the coefficient of performance (COP) and the rate of energy pumping of the generalized irre-versible four-reservoir isothermal chemical potential transformer has been derived by using finite-time thermodynamics or thermodynamic optimization. The maximum COP and the corresponding rate of energy pumping, as well as the maximum rate of energy pumping and the corresponding COP, have been obtained. Moreover, the influences of the irreversibility on the optimal performance of the iso-thermal chemical potential transformer have been revealed. It was found that the mass leakage affects the optimal performance both qualitatively and quantitatively, while the internal dissipation affects the optimal performance quantitatively. The results obtained herein can provide some new theoretical guidelines for the optimal design and development of a class of isothermal chemical potential trans-formers, such as mass exchangers, electrochemical, photochemical and solid state devices, fuel pumps, etc.
基金Supported by the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University of China (Grant No. 20041006)the Foundation for the Author of National Excellent Doctoral Dissertation of China (Grant No. 200136)
文摘An Otto cycle engine with internal and external irreversibilities of friction and heat leakage, in which the heat transfer between the working fluid and the environment obeys linear phenomenological heat transfer law [q ∝△(T -1)], is studied in this paper. The optimal piston motion trajectory for maximizing the work output per cycle is derived for the fixed total cycle time and fuel consumed per cycle. Optimal control theory is applied to determine the optimal piston trajectories for the cases of with and without piston acceleration constraint on each stroke and the optimal distribution of the total cycle time among the strokes. The optimal piston motion with acceleration constraint for each stroke consists of three segments, including initial maximum acceleration and final maximum deceleration boundary segments, respectively. Numerical examples for optimal configuration are provided, and the obtained results are compared with those obtained with Newton’s heat transfer law [q ∝△(T )]. The results also show that optimizing the piston motion can improve power and efficiency of the engine by more than 9%. This is primarily due to the decrease in heat leakage loss on the initial portion of the power stroke.
