为提高棕榈粕的饲用价值,本研究评估了12种不同甘露聚糖酶对棕榈粕中甘露聚糖的酶解效果,筛选酶的最适添加量,对比研究了直接发酵组(对照组)、甘露聚糖酶组、发酵菌剂组和甘露聚糖酶+发酵菌剂组的固态发酵效果及在禽和反刍上的体外仿生...为提高棕榈粕的饲用价值,本研究评估了12种不同甘露聚糖酶对棕榈粕中甘露聚糖的酶解效果,筛选酶的最适添加量,对比研究了直接发酵组(对照组)、甘露聚糖酶组、发酵菌剂组和甘露聚糖酶+发酵菌剂组的固态发酵效果及在禽和反刍上的体外仿生消化率。结果表明:在甘露聚糖酶添加量2‰时,8#酶的还原糖含量最高为6.46%(对照组1.9%),还原糖占甘露聚糖的比例由4%提升至14%;对0‰~10‰甘露聚糖酶添加量处理棕榈粕结果表明,在酶添加量8‰时,8#酶的还原糖含量最高为9.9%(对照组2.1%),还原糖占甘露聚糖的比例由4%提升到21%;四种方式处理棕榈粕发酵72 h,结果表明甘露聚糖酶+发酵菌剂组在pH、粗蛋白质(CP)、乳酸、还原糖、酸溶蛋白/粗蛋白质均显著高于其他各组(P<0.001);禽和反刍体外仿生消化结果表明,甘露聚糖酶+发酵菌剂组禽的干物质消化率(DDM)显著高于其他各组(P<0.001),反刍体外总产气量相比对照组从20 mL提升至70 m L左右,反刍体外发酵菌体蛋白(MCP)(P<0.001)、NH3-N(P=0.002)均显著高于对照组。综上,8#甘露聚糖酶在添加8‰,发酵菌剂添加2‰获得的发酵棕榈粕在气味和指标上较棕榈粕均有明显提升,同时在单胃动物和反刍动物仿生消化评估上均表现出明显优势。展开更多
Biocontrol agents are safe and environmental friendly alternatives for pesticides in agriculture application. Trichoderma viride WEBL0703 performed a high level of antagonistic activity toward a broad spectrum of phyt...Biocontrol agents are safe and environmental friendly alternatives for pesticides in agriculture application. Trichoderma viride WEBL0703 performed a high level of antagonistic activity toward a broad spectrum of phytopathogens and was determined as a biocontrol agent, which was produced by solid state fermentation using grape marc and wine lees. The maximum yield of T. viride conidia was up to 6.65 × 10^9 CFU/g initial dry substrate （IDS） after 10 d fermentation. As important enzymes for protecting plants from disease, chitinase, β-glucanase, and pectinase yields were 47.8 U/g IDS, 8.32 U/g IDS and 9.83 U/g IDS, respectively. These results show that it is feasible to convert winery wastes to a value-added and environmental friendly biocontrol agent.展开更多
文摘为提高棕榈粕的饲用价值,本研究评估了12种不同甘露聚糖酶对棕榈粕中甘露聚糖的酶解效果,筛选酶的最适添加量,对比研究了直接发酵组(对照组)、甘露聚糖酶组、发酵菌剂组和甘露聚糖酶+发酵菌剂组的固态发酵效果及在禽和反刍上的体外仿生消化率。结果表明:在甘露聚糖酶添加量2‰时,8#酶的还原糖含量最高为6.46%(对照组1.9%),还原糖占甘露聚糖的比例由4%提升至14%;对0‰~10‰甘露聚糖酶添加量处理棕榈粕结果表明,在酶添加量8‰时,8#酶的还原糖含量最高为9.9%(对照组2.1%),还原糖占甘露聚糖的比例由4%提升到21%;四种方式处理棕榈粕发酵72 h,结果表明甘露聚糖酶+发酵菌剂组在pH、粗蛋白质(CP)、乳酸、还原糖、酸溶蛋白/粗蛋白质均显著高于其他各组(P<0.001);禽和反刍体外仿生消化结果表明,甘露聚糖酶+发酵菌剂组禽的干物质消化率(DDM)显著高于其他各组(P<0.001),反刍体外总产气量相比对照组从20 mL提升至70 m L左右,反刍体外发酵菌体蛋白(MCP)(P<0.001)、NH3-N(P=0.002)均显著高于对照组。综上,8#甘露聚糖酶在添加8‰,发酵菌剂添加2‰获得的发酵棕榈粕在气味和指标上较棕榈粕均有明显提升,同时在单胃动物和反刍动物仿生消化评估上均表现出明显优势。
基金supported by the Australian Research Council International Linkage Fellowship(No.LX0560210)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30600082).
文摘Biocontrol agents are safe and environmental friendly alternatives for pesticides in agriculture application. Trichoderma viride WEBL0703 performed a high level of antagonistic activity toward a broad spectrum of phytopathogens and was determined as a biocontrol agent, which was produced by solid state fermentation using grape marc and wine lees. The maximum yield of T. viride conidia was up to 6.65 × 10^9 CFU/g initial dry substrate （IDS） after 10 d fermentation. As important enzymes for protecting plants from disease, chitinase, β-glucanase, and pectinase yields were 47.8 U/g IDS, 8.32 U/g IDS and 9.83 U/g IDS, respectively. These results show that it is feasible to convert winery wastes to a value-added and environmental friendly biocontrol agent.
