随着电网结构的日益复杂,变电站关键设备的运行状态对电网安全稳定运行的影响逐渐增强。针对变电站复杂背景下多目标识别以及相似目标识别困难的问题,该文提出了一种基于注意力机制与特征平衡的YOLO-AFB(you only look once-attention a...随着电网结构的日益复杂,变电站关键设备的运行状态对电网安全稳定运行的影响逐渐增强。针对变电站复杂背景下多目标识别以及相似目标识别困难的问题,该文提出了一种基于注意力机制与特征平衡的YOLO-AFB(you only look once-attention and feature balance)网络。通过在Darknet-53网络中引入混合注意力加强对变电站相关目标的特征提取能力,在特征融合模块中加入反卷积来实现特征图的自适应上采样,提出特征平衡策略来缓解特征图语义信息差别,提高特征融合的质量。在含有9类目标的变电站数据集上进行测试,所提模型整体识别精度达到了83.02%,与经典目标检测网络对比,各类目标的检测精度均有大幅提升。同时互感器等相似目标的识别也得到明显改善,验证了特征平衡的策略可以很好地解决变电站中相似目标识别难的问题。展开更多
Using radiation data from the Automatic Weather Stations (AWSs) for thermal balance obser-vations, which were set up at Lhasa, Nagqu, Xigaze and Nyingchi by the Sino-Japanese Asian Monsoon Mechanism Co-operative Proje...Using radiation data from the Automatic Weather Stations (AWSs) for thermal balance obser-vations, which were set up at Lhasa, Nagqu, Xigaze and Nyingchi by the Sino-Japanese Asian Monsoon Mechanism Co-operative Project in 1993–1996, and 1985–1989 Earth Radiation Balance Experiment (ERBE) measurements of Langley Research Center/NASA of US, and 1961–1996 monthly mean data from 148 surface stations over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau (QXP) and its neighborhood, study is performed on empirical calculation methods of surface albedo, surface total radiation, planetary albedo and outgoing longwave radiation with the climatic features of radiation balance at the surface and the atmospheric top examined. Evidences suggest that the empirical formulae for surface albedo, planetary albedo, surface to-tal radiation and outgoing longwave radiation from the atmospheric top are capable of describing their seasonal and interannual variations over the QXP. The surface albedo is marked by noticeable seasonal variation and yearly mean of 0.22 with the maximum of 0.29 in January and minimum of 0.17 in July and August; in winter the albedo has great horizontal difference, bigger in the moun-tains than in the river valleys, and small in summer. The planetary albedo shows a smaller range of its annual variation with the yearly mean of 0.37, the maximum (minimum) occurring in February and March (autumn). In winter its high-value regions are mainly at Gar (Shiquanhe) in the western QXP and from the southwestern Qinghai to the northeastern Tibet and the low-value area at the northern slope of the central Himalayas; in summer, however, the albedo distribution displays clear-ly a progressive decrease from southeast to northwest. As for the surface total radiation, its values and annual varying range are smaller in the east than in the southwest. Its high-value center is at the southern slope of the Himalayas in winter and makes a conspicuous westward migration in spr-ing, remaining there for a long time, and it begins to retreat eastward 展开更多
目的 针对模糊行人特征造成身份切换的问题和复杂场景下目标之间遮挡造成跟踪精度降低的问题,提出AIoU-Tracker多目标跟踪算法。方法 首先根据骨干网络检测头设计了一个特殊的AIoU(adaptive intersection over union)回归损失函数,从重...目的 针对模糊行人特征造成身份切换的问题和复杂场景下目标之间遮挡造成跟踪精度降低的问题,提出AIoU-Tracker多目标跟踪算法。方法 首先根据骨干网络检测头设计了一个特殊的AIoU(adaptive intersection over union)回归损失函数,从重叠面积、中心点距离和纵横比3个方面去衡量,缓解了由于模糊行人特征判别性不足造成的身份切换现象;其次提出了一种简单有效的层级(hierarchical)关联策略,在高分检测框和低分检测框分别关联之后,充分利用关联失败检测框周围的嵌入信息再次进行关联,提高了在遮挡条件下多目标跟踪的关联精度。结果 通过一系列的对比实验,提出的AIoU-Tracker跟踪方法相比于FairMOT跟踪方法在MOT16数据集上,HOTA(higher order tracking accuracy)值由58.3%提高至59.8%,IDF1(ID F1 score)值由72.6%提高至73.1%,MOTA(multi-object tracking accuracy)值由69.3%提高至74.4%;在MOT17数据集上,HOTA值由59.3%提高至59.9%,IDF1值由72.3%提高至72.9%。结论 本文提出的特征平衡性跟踪方法,使边界框大小特征、热图特征和中心点偏移量特征在训练测试中达到了更好的平衡,使多目标跟踪结果更加准确。展开更多
The human rights white paper has in it the basic concepts of human rights,the form of the human rights system,and the mode of human rights practice in modern China.It is based on the tension balance structure between ...The human rights white paper has in it the basic concepts of human rights,the form of the human rights system,and the mode of human rights practice in modern China.It is based on the tension balance structure between the historical feature and rationality,the cultural feature and similarity,the realistic feature and the common feature of human rights.Adhering to the historical nature of human rights rather than abstract rationality,and the cultural diversity and equality of human rights rather than one dominant model,and the particularity of human rights rather than universality is the pillar of China’s human rights philosophy,system,and practice.The human rights development path that combines the top-down leadership of China’s ruling party,the capability of the Chinese government in taking a holistic approach and the bottom-up driving force of the people is very different from the natural evolution path of the West.展开更多
文摘随着电网结构的日益复杂,变电站关键设备的运行状态对电网安全稳定运行的影响逐渐增强。针对变电站复杂背景下多目标识别以及相似目标识别困难的问题,该文提出了一种基于注意力机制与特征平衡的YOLO-AFB(you only look once-attention and feature balance)网络。通过在Darknet-53网络中引入混合注意力加强对变电站相关目标的特征提取能力,在特征融合模块中加入反卷积来实现特征图的自适应上采样,提出特征平衡策略来缓解特征图语义信息差别,提高特征融合的质量。在含有9类目标的变电站数据集上进行测试,所提模型整体识别精度达到了83.02%,与经典目标检测网络对比,各类目标的检测精度均有大幅提升。同时互感器等相似目标的识别也得到明显改善,验证了特征平衡的策略可以很好地解决变电站中相似目标识别难的问题。
文摘Using radiation data from the Automatic Weather Stations (AWSs) for thermal balance obser-vations, which were set up at Lhasa, Nagqu, Xigaze and Nyingchi by the Sino-Japanese Asian Monsoon Mechanism Co-operative Project in 1993–1996, and 1985–1989 Earth Radiation Balance Experiment (ERBE) measurements of Langley Research Center/NASA of US, and 1961–1996 monthly mean data from 148 surface stations over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau (QXP) and its neighborhood, study is performed on empirical calculation methods of surface albedo, surface total radiation, planetary albedo and outgoing longwave radiation with the climatic features of radiation balance at the surface and the atmospheric top examined. Evidences suggest that the empirical formulae for surface albedo, planetary albedo, surface to-tal radiation and outgoing longwave radiation from the atmospheric top are capable of describing their seasonal and interannual variations over the QXP. The surface albedo is marked by noticeable seasonal variation and yearly mean of 0.22 with the maximum of 0.29 in January and minimum of 0.17 in July and August; in winter the albedo has great horizontal difference, bigger in the moun-tains than in the river valleys, and small in summer. The planetary albedo shows a smaller range of its annual variation with the yearly mean of 0.37, the maximum (minimum) occurring in February and March (autumn). In winter its high-value regions are mainly at Gar (Shiquanhe) in the western QXP and from the southwestern Qinghai to the northeastern Tibet and the low-value area at the northern slope of the central Himalayas; in summer, however, the albedo distribution displays clear-ly a progressive decrease from southeast to northwest. As for the surface total radiation, its values and annual varying range are smaller in the east than in the southwest. Its high-value center is at the southern slope of the Himalayas in winter and makes a conspicuous westward migration in spr-ing, remaining there for a long time, and it begins to retreat eastward
文摘目的 针对模糊行人特征造成身份切换的问题和复杂场景下目标之间遮挡造成跟踪精度降低的问题,提出AIoU-Tracker多目标跟踪算法。方法 首先根据骨干网络检测头设计了一个特殊的AIoU(adaptive intersection over union)回归损失函数,从重叠面积、中心点距离和纵横比3个方面去衡量,缓解了由于模糊行人特征判别性不足造成的身份切换现象;其次提出了一种简单有效的层级(hierarchical)关联策略,在高分检测框和低分检测框分别关联之后,充分利用关联失败检测框周围的嵌入信息再次进行关联,提高了在遮挡条件下多目标跟踪的关联精度。结果 通过一系列的对比实验,提出的AIoU-Tracker跟踪方法相比于FairMOT跟踪方法在MOT16数据集上,HOTA(higher order tracking accuracy)值由58.3%提高至59.8%,IDF1(ID F1 score)值由72.6%提高至73.1%,MOTA(multi-object tracking accuracy)值由69.3%提高至74.4%;在MOT17数据集上,HOTA值由59.3%提高至59.9%,IDF1值由72.3%提高至72.9%。结论 本文提出的特征平衡性跟踪方法,使边界框大小特征、热图特征和中心点偏移量特征在训练测试中达到了更好的平衡,使多目标跟踪结果更加准确。
基金the achievement of the Beijing Research Center for Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Erathe major project of the Beijing Social Science Fund“General Secretary Xi Jinping’s Important Statements on Human Rights”(21LFXA051)
文摘The human rights white paper has in it the basic concepts of human rights,the form of the human rights system,and the mode of human rights practice in modern China.It is based on the tension balance structure between the historical feature and rationality,the cultural feature and similarity,the realistic feature and the common feature of human rights.Adhering to the historical nature of human rights rather than abstract rationality,and the cultural diversity and equality of human rights rather than one dominant model,and the particularity of human rights rather than universality is the pillar of China’s human rights philosophy,system,and practice.The human rights development path that combines the top-down leadership of China’s ruling party,the capability of the Chinese government in taking a holistic approach and the bottom-up driving force of the people is very different from the natural evolution path of the West.
