Surface topography of superalloy GH4169 workpieces machined by milling and grinding is different significantly. Meanwhile, surface roughness, as one of the main indicators of machined surface integrity, has a great in...Surface topography of superalloy GH4169 workpieces machined by milling and grinding is different significantly. Meanwhile, surface roughness, as one of the main indicators of machined surface integrity, has a great influence on the fatigue behavior of workpieces. Based on analyzing the formation mechanism and characteristics of surface roughness utilizing different machining processes and parameters, the machined surface roughness curve can be decoupled into two parts utilizing frequency spectrum analysis, which are kinematic surface roughness curve and stochastic surface roughness curve. The kinematic surface roughness curve is influenced by machining process,parameters, geometry of the cutting tool or wheel, the maximum height of which is expressed as Rz＇.By subtracting the kinematic part from the measurement curve, the stochastic surface roughness curve and its maximum height Rz＂ can be obtained, which is influenced by the defects of cutting tool edge or abrasive grains, built-up edges（BUE）, cracks, high frequency vibration and so on. On the other hand, the results of decoupling analysis of surface roughness curves indicate that Raand Rz values of milling GH4169 are 2–5 times and 1–3 times as high as those of grinding, while Rz＂ value of milling is 13.85%–37.7% as high as that of grinding. According to the results of fatigue life tests of specimens machined by milling and grinding, it can be concluded that fatigue behavior of GH4169 decreases with the increase of Rz＂monotonically, even utilizing different machining processes.展开更多
文摘目的应用表面肌电技术(sEMG)测定分析重复性操作时上肢肌肉的疲劳状态并探讨指标的适宜性。方法8名男性大学生志愿受试者在实验室(以平均40个/min的速度)连续地抓取、移动和放置零件(5 g),每完成80个零件为1个时间段(约2 min),共4组(约8 min)。同时遥测记录肱桡肌、肱二头肌、三角肌、斜方肌的表面肌电信号,采用时域、频域及肌电术振幅频谱联合分析方法(the joint analysis of EMG spectrum and amplitude,JASA)的指标进行分析。结果4块肌肉肌电的最大自主收缩百分比(the percent of maximal voluntary electrical activation,MVE%)随重复性操作时间延长均呈上升趋势(P>0.05)。中位频率(mean frequency,MF)和平均功率频率(mean power frequency,MPF)降低,即所谓频谱左移,只是在最后一两个时段不再下降,反而升高。所测肌肉肌电频率的斜率在第1时段均为负值,在其余3时段则出现时而为负值、时而又为正值的变动,MF和MPF及其斜率的变化趋势一致。JASA分析表明,上肢肌肉在动态作业过程中呈疲劳、恢复和负荷增加的变动。结论在本例重复性操作中,肌肉呈疲劳、恢复、负荷增加或再次疲劳的变化。累及的肌肉主要是斜方肌、三角肌和肱桡肌,肱二头肌次之。肌电指标(如MVE%,MF,MPF及其斜率)在操作过程中的变化可以反映动态劳动的肌肉疲劳,JASA分析证实了这一点。
基金supported by the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China (No.2016ZE51039)
文摘Surface topography of superalloy GH4169 workpieces machined by milling and grinding is different significantly. Meanwhile, surface roughness, as one of the main indicators of machined surface integrity, has a great influence on the fatigue behavior of workpieces. Based on analyzing the formation mechanism and characteristics of surface roughness utilizing different machining processes and parameters, the machined surface roughness curve can be decoupled into two parts utilizing frequency spectrum analysis, which are kinematic surface roughness curve and stochastic surface roughness curve. The kinematic surface roughness curve is influenced by machining process,parameters, geometry of the cutting tool or wheel, the maximum height of which is expressed as Rz＇.By subtracting the kinematic part from the measurement curve, the stochastic surface roughness curve and its maximum height Rz＂ can be obtained, which is influenced by the defects of cutting tool edge or abrasive grains, built-up edges（BUE）, cracks, high frequency vibration and so on. On the other hand, the results of decoupling analysis of surface roughness curves indicate that Raand Rz values of milling GH4169 are 2–5 times and 1–3 times as high as those of grinding, while Rz＂ value of milling is 13.85%–37.7% as high as that of grinding. According to the results of fatigue life tests of specimens machined by milling and grinding, it can be concluded that fatigue behavior of GH4169 decreases with the increase of Rz＂monotonically, even utilizing different machining processes.
