Facial synkinesis,a sequela of peripheral facial nerve palsy,is characterized by simultaneous involuntary facial movement during a voluntary desired one.Maladaptive cortical plasticity might be involved in the dysfunc...Facial synkinesis,a sequela of peripheral facial nerve palsy,is characterized by simultaneous involuntary facial movement during a voluntary desired one.Maladaptive cortical plasticity might be involved in the dysfunction of facial muscles.This cohort study investigated the cortical functional alterations in patients with unilateral facial synkinesis,using the task functional magnetic resonance imaging.Facial motor tasks,including blinking and smiling,were performed by 16 patients（aged 30.6 ± 4.5 years,14 females/2 males） and 24 age-and sex-matched healthy controls（aged 29.1 ± 4.2 years,19 females/5 males）.Results demonstrated that activation in the cortico-facial motor representation area was lower during tasks in patients with facial synkinesis compared with healthy controls.Facial movements on either side performed by patients caused more intensive activation of the supplementary motor area on the contralateral side of the affected face,than those on the unaffected side.Our results revealed that there was cortical reorganization in the primary sensorimotor area and the supplementary motor area.This study was registered in Chinese Clinical Trial Registry（registration number： Chi CTR1800014630）.展开更多
Objective: To measure movements of markers over the primary site and associated mimic muscles in certain facial expressions, for evaluating facial paresis and synkinesis. Methods: Participants included 22 normal subje...Objective: To measure movements of markers over the primary site and associated mimic muscles in certain facial expressions, for evaluating facial paresis and synkinesis. Methods: Participants included 22 normal subjects aged 45e66 years. Maximum shift(Smax) and velocity(Vmax)were measured using a custom-designed 3-D dynamic quantitative analysis system of facial motion(3-D ASFM) based on motion capture technology. Measures were taken from peri-oral muscles during forceful brow raising and tight eye closure, and from muscles around the eye during grinning, right/left/bilateral mouth corner raising and smiling. Results: 1) During forceful brow raising, Smaxwas 3.65e4.46 mm for markers over perioral muscles, with the marker over the nasolabial fold showing a Vmaxgreater than others(60.60 mm/s on left and 62.70 mm/s on right). 2) In tight eye closure, Smaxof perioral muscle markers was 1.58e1.92 mm, with Vmaxbeing 11.40e14.76 mm/s. 3) In grinning, the largest eye muscle marker Smaxwas seen at the lower lid(3.93 mm on left and 4.15 mm on right) and the smallest at the inner canthus(1.59 mm on left and 1.53 mm on right), with the largest Vmaxseen at the upper lid and smallest also at the inner canthus(11.71 mm/s on left and11.09 mm/s on right). 4) In smiling, the largest non-oral Smaxand Vmaxwere seen at the upper lid(3.05 mm and 36.14 mm/s on left and 2.53 mm and 28.90 mm/s on right) and the smallest also at the inner canthus(0.69 mm and 7.22 mm/s on left and 0.77 mm and 7.80 mm/s on right). 5) In right mouth corner raising, Smaxand Vmaxat lateral and medial canthus and at lower lid were greater on right than left, while those at upper lid and brow were slightly greater on left than right. 6) In left mouth corner raising, Smaxand Vmaxat lateral canthus and upper and lower lids were greater on left than right. Conclusions: There are no absolute immobile points on the face when making facial expressions. In addition to the primary movement site, there are associated movements at other points on the face with consistent展开更多
基金supported by the Youth Researcher Foundation of Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning,No.20144Y0095
文摘Facial synkinesis,a sequela of peripheral facial nerve palsy,is characterized by simultaneous involuntary facial movement during a voluntary desired one.Maladaptive cortical plasticity might be involved in the dysfunction of facial muscles.This cohort study investigated the cortical functional alterations in patients with unilateral facial synkinesis,using the task functional magnetic resonance imaging.Facial motor tasks,including blinking and smiling,were performed by 16 patients（aged 30.6 ± 4.5 years,14 females/2 males） and 24 age-and sex-matched healthy controls（aged 29.1 ± 4.2 years,19 females/5 males）.Results demonstrated that activation in the cortico-facial motor representation area was lower during tasks in patients with facial synkinesis compared with healthy controls.Facial movements on either side performed by patients caused more intensive activation of the supplementary motor area on the contralateral side of the affected face,than those on the unaffected side.Our results revealed that there was cortical reorganization in the primary sensorimotor area and the supplementary motor area.This study was registered in Chinese Clinical Trial Registry（registration number： Chi CTR1800014630）.
文摘Objective: To measure movements of markers over the primary site and associated mimic muscles in certain facial expressions, for evaluating facial paresis and synkinesis. Methods: Participants included 22 normal subjects aged 45e66 years. Maximum shift(Smax) and velocity(Vmax)were measured using a custom-designed 3-D dynamic quantitative analysis system of facial motion(3-D ASFM) based on motion capture technology. Measures were taken from peri-oral muscles during forceful brow raising and tight eye closure, and from muscles around the eye during grinning, right/left/bilateral mouth corner raising and smiling. Results: 1) During forceful brow raising, Smaxwas 3.65e4.46 mm for markers over perioral muscles, with the marker over the nasolabial fold showing a Vmaxgreater than others(60.60 mm/s on left and 62.70 mm/s on right). 2) In tight eye closure, Smaxof perioral muscle markers was 1.58e1.92 mm, with Vmaxbeing 11.40e14.76 mm/s. 3) In grinning, the largest eye muscle marker Smaxwas seen at the lower lid(3.93 mm on left and 4.15 mm on right) and the smallest at the inner canthus(1.59 mm on left and 1.53 mm on right), with the largest Vmaxseen at the upper lid and smallest also at the inner canthus(11.71 mm/s on left and11.09 mm/s on right). 4) In smiling, the largest non-oral Smaxand Vmaxwere seen at the upper lid(3.05 mm and 36.14 mm/s on left and 2.53 mm and 28.90 mm/s on right) and the smallest also at the inner canthus(0.69 mm and 7.22 mm/s on left and 0.77 mm and 7.80 mm/s on right). 5) In right mouth corner raising, Smaxand Vmaxat lateral and medial canthus and at lower lid were greater on right than left, while those at upper lid and brow were slightly greater on left than right. 6) In left mouth corner raising, Smaxand Vmaxat lateral canthus and upper and lower lids were greater on left than right. Conclusions: There are no absolute immobile points on the face when making facial expressions. In addition to the primary movement site, there are associated movements at other points on the face with consistent
