The spatial form of urbanization in China has developed from single-core city expansion to a multi-center metropolitan area.However,little attention has been paid to the growth process of the emerging metropolitan are...The spatial form of urbanization in China has developed from single-core city expansion to a multi-center metropolitan area.However,little attention has been paid to the growth process of the emerging metropolitan area situated in major grain producing locations in the central China.Taking the Zhengzhou metropolitan area(ZZMA)as a case study,we developed an inverse S-shape model to characterize the spatial distribution of urban land density,and constructed an urban expansion core index,urban expansion intensity index,and urban compactness index to quantify the spatial structure change that has taken place from 1978 to 2017 during the process of urban expansion.Moreover,cropland contribution rate(CR)was constructed to evaluate the impacts of urban expansion on croplands.We uncovered four key findings.First,over the past 40 yr,the ZZMA has experienced dramatic expansion,and the central city of Zhengzhou expanded faster than other cities.The gravity centers of urban expansion of surrounding cities were moving toward to Zhengzhou City.Second,the urban land density decreased with the distance from the city center to the outskirts.As the only large city,Zhengzhou has experienced the fastest and most compact centralized urban expansion,especially after 2000,while other medium-and small-sized cities have experienced low-intensity decentralized expansion.Third,the urban core has been gradually expanding outward.From 1978 to 2017,the hot-zone of urban growth has moved progressively with the acceleration of urbanization.All cities except Jiaozuo had a single peak in different periods.Forth,the cities in national core grain-producing areas has higher cropland contribution rates and lower urban expansion areas,which was closely related to cropland protection.Further analysis showed that large city was relatively better positioned than smaller cities in the efficiency of their urban infrastructure and the effectiveness of wealth creation efficiency in the urbanized area could be tested in all cities,and the policy factor seeme展开更多
The Jewish narratives in Shakespearean drama can be seen as a reflective projection of the playwright’s thoughts on the country’s maritime industry. In the latter half of the 16th century, the government adopted an ...The Jewish narratives in Shakespearean drama can be seen as a reflective projection of the playwright’s thoughts on the country’s maritime industry. In the latter half of the 16th century, the government adopted an expansion policy in the economy, and the Elizabethan government established trade relations with Turkey, which secured the Mediterranean’s irreplaceable position in English trade. As a result, English playwrights of the time started to focus on the Mediterranean trade circle to cater to England’s trade policy. At the same time, as Jews played a crucial role in the Mediterranean trade circle during this period, these playwrights affirmed the positive role of the maritime industry by endowing Jews with wealthy merchant identities, which alleviated the anxiety of the public towards the maritime industry and catering to the state’s trade expansion policy.展开更多
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41971274)the Innovation Research Team of Henan Provincial University(No.2021-CXTD-08,2022-CXTD-02)the Scientific and Technological Innovation Team of Universities in Henan Province(No.22IRTSTHN008)。
文摘The spatial form of urbanization in China has developed from single-core city expansion to a multi-center metropolitan area.However,little attention has been paid to the growth process of the emerging metropolitan area situated in major grain producing locations in the central China.Taking the Zhengzhou metropolitan area(ZZMA)as a case study,we developed an inverse S-shape model to characterize the spatial distribution of urban land density,and constructed an urban expansion core index,urban expansion intensity index,and urban compactness index to quantify the spatial structure change that has taken place from 1978 to 2017 during the process of urban expansion.Moreover,cropland contribution rate(CR)was constructed to evaluate the impacts of urban expansion on croplands.We uncovered four key findings.First,over the past 40 yr,the ZZMA has experienced dramatic expansion,and the central city of Zhengzhou expanded faster than other cities.The gravity centers of urban expansion of surrounding cities were moving toward to Zhengzhou City.Second,the urban land density decreased with the distance from the city center to the outskirts.As the only large city,Zhengzhou has experienced the fastest and most compact centralized urban expansion,especially after 2000,while other medium-and small-sized cities have experienced low-intensity decentralized expansion.Third,the urban core has been gradually expanding outward.From 1978 to 2017,the hot-zone of urban growth has moved progressively with the acceleration of urbanization.All cities except Jiaozuo had a single peak in different periods.Forth,the cities in national core grain-producing areas has higher cropland contribution rates and lower urban expansion areas,which was closely related to cropland protection.Further analysis showed that large city was relatively better positioned than smaller cities in the efficiency of their urban infrastructure and the effectiveness of wealth creation efficiency in the urbanized area could be tested in all cities,and the policy factor seeme
文摘The Jewish narratives in Shakespearean drama can be seen as a reflective projection of the playwright’s thoughts on the country’s maritime industry. In the latter half of the 16th century, the government adopted an expansion policy in the economy, and the Elizabethan government established trade relations with Turkey, which secured the Mediterranean’s irreplaceable position in English trade. As a result, English playwrights of the time started to focus on the Mediterranean trade circle to cater to England’s trade policy. At the same time, as Jews played a crucial role in the Mediterranean trade circle during this period, these playwrights affirmed the positive role of the maritime industry by endowing Jews with wealthy merchant identities, which alleviated the anxiety of the public towards the maritime industry and catering to the state’s trade expansion policy.
