Endocrine disruptors （e.g., polychlorinated biphenyls [PCBs], dichlorodiphenyl-trichloroethane [DDT], dioxin, and some pesticides） are estrogen-like and anti-androgenic chemicals in the environment. They mimic natur...Endocrine disruptors （e.g., polychlorinated biphenyls [PCBs], dichlorodiphenyl-trichloroethane [DDT], dioxin, and some pesticides） are estrogen-like and anti-androgenic chemicals in the environment. They mimic natural hormones, inhibit the action of hormones, or alter the normal regulatory function of the endocrine system and have potential hazardous effects on male reproductive axis causing infertility. Although testicular and prostate cancers, abnormal sexual development, undescended testis, chronic inflammation, Sertoli-cell-only pattern, hypospadias, altered pituitary and thyroid gland functions are also observed, the available data are insufficient to deduce worldwide conclusions. The development of intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection （ICSI） is beyond doubt the most important recent breakthrough in the treatment of male infertility, but it does not necessarily treat the cause and may inadvertently pass on adverse genetic consequences. Many well-controlled clinical studies and basic scientific discoveries in the physiology, biochemistry, and molecular and cellular biology of the male reproductive system have helped in the identification of greater numbers of men with male factor problems. Newer tools for the detection of Y-chromosome deletions have further strengthened the hypothesis that the decline in male reproductive health and fertility may be related to the presence of certain toxic chemicals in the environment. Thus the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of male factor infertility remain a real challenge. Clinicians should always attempt to identify the etiology of a possible testicular toxicity, assess the degree of risk to the patient being evaluated for infertility, and initiate a plan to control and prevent exposure to others once an association between occupation/toxicant and infertility has been established.展开更多
Objective:The objective of the present study was to evaluate the antifertility activity of ether(ErCD),chloroform(CeCD)and ethyl alcohol(EyCD)extracts of the whole plant of Cynodon dactylon in female Wistar albino rat...Objective:The objective of the present study was to evaluate the antifertility activity of ether(ErCD),chloroform(CeCD)and ethyl alcohol(EyCD)extracts of the whole plant of Cynodon dactylon in female Wistar albino rats.Methods:Acute oral toxicity and an antifertility study were performed in female Wistar rats with two dose levels(200 and 400 mg/kg,orally)of EyCD.The estrogenic and progestogenic effects of EyCD were further observed by administering it to immature Wistar rats by investigations of vaginal cornification,hormonal level,uterus weight,biochemical parameters,histopathology of the uterus and deciduoma formation,respectively.Isolation of EyCD was carried out by Flash Chromatography and isolated fraction was estimated by HPLC.Results:No toxicity with any of the extract was found up to the dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight.EyCD treated rats exhibited maximum reduction in pregnancy(83.33%).Estimation of EyCD on vaginal cornification,estrogen-induced uterotrophic assay and deciduoma model demonstrated vaginal cornification,significant(P<0.01)increase in uterine weight and uterine proliferation in histopathology and reduced deciduoma formation respectively.Hormonal and biochemical parameters confirmed the above findings indicating estrogenic potential and antiprogestogenic potential of EyCD that might be attributed to the presence of phytoestrogen(apigenin)in EyCD.Conclusion:The results suggested that extracts of C.dactylon possess significant antifertility activity,which is consistent with the literature reported in folk medicine of this plant in fertility regulation.展开更多
目的:探讨健骨颗粒对雌激素介导的骨组织端粒酶逆转录酶增龄性变化的干预作用。方法:6、7、10、15月龄SD大鼠雌雄各半,6月龄组直接处死取材,其余各组均随机分为健骨颗粒组和生理盐水组,雌雄各半,灌胃3个月后处死取材。左侧股骨行X线摄...目的:探讨健骨颗粒对雌激素介导的骨组织端粒酶逆转录酶增龄性变化的干预作用。方法:6、7、10、15月龄SD大鼠雌雄各半,6月龄组直接处死取材,其余各组均随机分为健骨颗粒组和生理盐水组,雌雄各半,灌胃3个月后处死取材。左侧股骨行X线摄片。第5腰椎行HE染色及图像分析。ELISA法检测血清中的BGP、TRACP5b、E2、T和TNF-α含量。SYBR GREEN法检测第1腰椎中TERT、ER和NF-κB m RNA表达。Western blot法检测第2腰椎TERT、ERα蛋白的表达。结果:血清中BGP、TRACP5b、E2、T随月龄增大降低,且生理盐水组低于健骨颗粒组(P<0.01,P<0.05)。TNF-α随着月龄增大逐渐升高,生理盐水组高于健骨颗粒组(P<0.01,P<0.05)。骨组织中ERα、TERT m RNA与蛋白表达均随月龄的增长而降低,生理盐水组明显低于健骨颗粒组(P<0.01,P<0.05)。NF-κB的m RNA表达随月龄增长逐渐升高,且生理盐水组明显高于健骨颗粒组(P<0.01)。腰椎椎体及股骨头骨小梁随月龄增加逐渐出现骨质疏松的病理形态改变,且生理盐水组较健骨颗粒组明显(P<0.01)。结论:健骨颗粒能在一定程度上提高大鼠体内E2、T水平,从而有效激活骨组织TERT使成骨细胞端粒酶活性增加,减缓成骨细胞凋亡进程。展开更多
文摘Endocrine disruptors （e.g., polychlorinated biphenyls [PCBs], dichlorodiphenyl-trichloroethane [DDT], dioxin, and some pesticides） are estrogen-like and anti-androgenic chemicals in the environment. They mimic natural hormones, inhibit the action of hormones, or alter the normal regulatory function of the endocrine system and have potential hazardous effects on male reproductive axis causing infertility. Although testicular and prostate cancers, abnormal sexual development, undescended testis, chronic inflammation, Sertoli-cell-only pattern, hypospadias, altered pituitary and thyroid gland functions are also observed, the available data are insufficient to deduce worldwide conclusions. The development of intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection （ICSI） is beyond doubt the most important recent breakthrough in the treatment of male infertility, but it does not necessarily treat the cause and may inadvertently pass on adverse genetic consequences. Many well-controlled clinical studies and basic scientific discoveries in the physiology, biochemistry, and molecular and cellular biology of the male reproductive system have helped in the identification of greater numbers of men with male factor problems. Newer tools for the detection of Y-chromosome deletions have further strengthened the hypothesis that the decline in male reproductive health and fertility may be related to the presence of certain toxic chemicals in the environment. Thus the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of male factor infertility remain a real challenge. Clinicians should always attempt to identify the etiology of a possible testicular toxicity, assess the degree of risk to the patient being evaluated for infertility, and initiate a plan to control and prevent exposure to others once an association between occupation/toxicant and infertility has been established.
文摘Objective:The objective of the present study was to evaluate the antifertility activity of ether(ErCD),chloroform(CeCD)and ethyl alcohol(EyCD)extracts of the whole plant of Cynodon dactylon in female Wistar albino rats.Methods:Acute oral toxicity and an antifertility study were performed in female Wistar rats with two dose levels(200 and 400 mg/kg,orally)of EyCD.The estrogenic and progestogenic effects of EyCD were further observed by administering it to immature Wistar rats by investigations of vaginal cornification,hormonal level,uterus weight,biochemical parameters,histopathology of the uterus and deciduoma formation,respectively.Isolation of EyCD was carried out by Flash Chromatography and isolated fraction was estimated by HPLC.Results:No toxicity with any of the extract was found up to the dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight.EyCD treated rats exhibited maximum reduction in pregnancy(83.33%).Estimation of EyCD on vaginal cornification,estrogen-induced uterotrophic assay and deciduoma model demonstrated vaginal cornification,significant(P<0.01)increase in uterine weight and uterine proliferation in histopathology and reduced deciduoma formation respectively.Hormonal and biochemical parameters confirmed the above findings indicating estrogenic potential and antiprogestogenic potential of EyCD that might be attributed to the presence of phytoestrogen(apigenin)in EyCD.Conclusion:The results suggested that extracts of C.dactylon possess significant antifertility activity,which is consistent with the literature reported in folk medicine of this plant in fertility regulation.
文摘目的:探讨健骨颗粒对雌激素介导的骨组织端粒酶逆转录酶增龄性变化的干预作用。方法:6、7、10、15月龄SD大鼠雌雄各半,6月龄组直接处死取材,其余各组均随机分为健骨颗粒组和生理盐水组,雌雄各半,灌胃3个月后处死取材。左侧股骨行X线摄片。第5腰椎行HE染色及图像分析。ELISA法检测血清中的BGP、TRACP5b、E2、T和TNF-α含量。SYBR GREEN法检测第1腰椎中TERT、ER和NF-κB m RNA表达。Western blot法检测第2腰椎TERT、ERα蛋白的表达。结果:血清中BGP、TRACP5b、E2、T随月龄增大降低,且生理盐水组低于健骨颗粒组(P<0.01,P<0.05)。TNF-α随着月龄增大逐渐升高,生理盐水组高于健骨颗粒组(P<0.01,P<0.05)。骨组织中ERα、TERT m RNA与蛋白表达均随月龄的增长而降低,生理盐水组明显低于健骨颗粒组(P<0.01,P<0.05)。NF-κB的m RNA表达随月龄增长逐渐升高,且生理盐水组明显高于健骨颗粒组(P<0.01)。腰椎椎体及股骨头骨小梁随月龄增加逐渐出现骨质疏松的病理形态改变,且生理盐水组较健骨颗粒组明显(P<0.01)。结论:健骨颗粒能在一定程度上提高大鼠体内E2、T水平,从而有效激活骨组织TERT使成骨细胞端粒酶活性增加,减缓成骨细胞凋亡进程。
