Coal mine fire and human escape simulation system is developed based on 3D Max and EON software for the purpose of coal mine safety training.The models,such as miners,roadways,typical equipments,fire and smoke are all...Coal mine fire and human escape simulation system is developed based on 3D Max and EON software for the purpose of coal mine safety training.The models,such as miners,roadways,typical equipments,fire and smoke are all constructed in 3D Max.The roadway models derived from real data,functions of each part are determined for the roadway based on the data,and then corresponding tunnel typical equipments are added.Emergency refuge system model is not only an important system model,but also an important destination for fire simulation and human escape.The roaming of the miners through the roadways,the interactive functions between users and computer,the fire process of beginning,spreading,and destroying,the human escape interaction are simulated in EON virtual reality software after these models have been input into it.Besides,collision detection based on hierarchical bounding volumes is also utilized.Simulation results suggest that this strategy can produce realistic virtual state and fire effect.While as part of the coal mine safety simulation and training System(CMSSTS),this work is far from what we expected,and there is more intensive work that should be done.展开更多
Gold nanoparticles(AuNPs)assembled with fluorescent peptides through Au-S bonds(pep-AuNPs)have been widely used in biomolecular detection.However,due to the endo/lysosomal trapping after the nanoprobes enter cells,the...Gold nanoparticles(AuNPs)assembled with fluorescent peptides through Au-S bonds(pep-AuNPs)have been widely used in biomolecular detection.However,due to the endo/lysosomal trapping after the nanoprobes enter cells,the direct delivery of AuNP probes into the cytoplasm for real-time imaging remains a difficult barrier for many cytoplasm-targeting agents.Here,we prepare AuNP@gel by wrapping a multi-functional nanogel structure on the surface of a single AuNP probe by in-situ polymerization in order to directly deliver AuNP probes into the cell cytoplasm.Compared with the pep-AuNP probes,which are trapped inside lysosomes for long periods,the AuNP@gel probes use the proton-sponge effect to effectively disrupt endo/lysosomal membranes and remain in the cytoplasm.In addition,the AuNP@gel probes rapidly escape from endo/lysosomes to avoid the complex environment that interferes with the stability of the AuNP probes and the lysosomal-storage trigger the upregulation of oxidative stress into the cells.The nanogel structure enables the AuNP probes to avoid some detrimental effects and to achieve high-fidelity fluorescence signals in the cells.Compared to traditional strategies for lysosomal escape,this one-step in-situ polymerization procedure avoids the complicated modification of additional ligands and is generally applicable to peptide-,DNA-,and polymerlinked AuNP probes.展开更多
We consider the problem of searching for a target that moves between a hiding area and an operating area over multiple fixed routes. The search is carried out with one or more cookie-cutter sensors, which can detect t...We consider the problem of searching for a target that moves between a hiding area and an operating area over multiple fixed routes. The search is carried out with one or more cookie-cutter sensors, which can detect the target instantly once the target comes within the detection radius of the sensor. In the hiding area, the target is shielded from being detected. The residence times of the target, respectively, in the hiding area and in the operating area, are exponentially distributed. These dwell times are mathematically described by Markov transition rates. The decision of which route the target will take on each travel to and back from the operating area is governed by a probability distribution. We study the mathematical formulation of this search problem and analytically solve for the mean time to detection. Based on the mean time to capture, we evaluate the performance of placing the searcher(s) to monitor various travel route(s) or to scan the operating area. The optimal search design is the one that minimizes the mean time to detection. We find that in many situations the optimal search design is not the one suggested by the straightforward intuition. Our analytical results can provide operational guidances to homeland security, military, and law enforcement applications.展开更多
基金Shandong University of Science and Technology Research Fund(No.2010KYTD101)
文摘Coal mine fire and human escape simulation system is developed based on 3D Max and EON software for the purpose of coal mine safety training.The models,such as miners,roadways,typical equipments,fire and smoke are all constructed in 3D Max.The roadway models derived from real data,functions of each part are determined for the roadway based on the data,and then corresponding tunnel typical equipments are added.Emergency refuge system model is not only an important system model,but also an important destination for fire simulation and human escape.The roaming of the miners through the roadways,the interactive functions between users and computer,the fire process of beginning,spreading,and destroying,the human escape interaction are simulated in EON virtual reality software after these models have been input into it.Besides,collision detection based on hierarchical bounding volumes is also utilized.Simulation results suggest that this strategy can produce realistic virtual state and fire effect.While as part of the coal mine safety simulation and training System(CMSSTS),this work is far from what we expected,and there is more intensive work that should be done.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21775075),the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities(China)the Thousand Youth Talents Plan of China.
文摘Gold nanoparticles(AuNPs)assembled with fluorescent peptides through Au-S bonds(pep-AuNPs)have been widely used in biomolecular detection.However,due to the endo/lysosomal trapping after the nanoprobes enter cells,the direct delivery of AuNP probes into the cytoplasm for real-time imaging remains a difficult barrier for many cytoplasm-targeting agents.Here,we prepare AuNP@gel by wrapping a multi-functional nanogel structure on the surface of a single AuNP probe by in-situ polymerization in order to directly deliver AuNP probes into the cell cytoplasm.Compared with the pep-AuNP probes,which are trapped inside lysosomes for long periods,the AuNP@gel probes use the proton-sponge effect to effectively disrupt endo/lysosomal membranes and remain in the cytoplasm.In addition,the AuNP@gel probes rapidly escape from endo/lysosomes to avoid the complex environment that interferes with the stability of the AuNP probes and the lysosomal-storage trigger the upregulation of oxidative stress into the cells.The nanogel structure enables the AuNP probes to avoid some detrimental effects and to achieve high-fidelity fluorescence signals in the cells.Compared to traditional strategies for lysosomal escape,this one-step in-situ polymerization procedure avoids the complicated modification of additional ligands and is generally applicable to peptide-,DNA-,and polymerlinked AuNP probes.
文摘We consider the problem of searching for a target that moves between a hiding area and an operating area over multiple fixed routes. The search is carried out with one or more cookie-cutter sensors, which can detect the target instantly once the target comes within the detection radius of the sensor. In the hiding area, the target is shielded from being detected. The residence times of the target, respectively, in the hiding area and in the operating area, are exponentially distributed. These dwell times are mathematically described by Markov transition rates. The decision of which route the target will take on each travel to and back from the operating area is governed by a probability distribution. We study the mathematical formulation of this search problem and analytically solve for the mean time to detection. Based on the mean time to capture, we evaluate the performance of placing the searcher(s) to monitor various travel route(s) or to scan the operating area. The optimal search design is the one that minimizes the mean time to detection. We find that in many situations the optimal search design is not the one suggested by the straightforward intuition. Our analytical results can provide operational guidances to homeland security, military, and law enforcement applications.
